松嫩平原旱地土壤有机质组分空间分异特征及其影响因素

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.21.011

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study explored the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil organic matter (SOM) fractions in the drylands of the Songnen Plain, so as to provide a basis for SOM improvement and black soil protection in Northeast China. 【Method】Taking the dryland soil as the research object, 200 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the Songnen Plain in June 2023. Then, soil samples were separated into particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) fractions by the particle size fractionation method. Combined with classical statistical methods and the Random Forest model, this study investigated the distribution characteristics of SOM fractions and explored the influences of climate, topography, soil properties and vegetation factors on them. 【Result】The average content of MAOM and POM was 24.7 and 5.71 g·kg^-1, respectively, accounting for an average of 70.9% and 17.1% of the total SOM content, respectively. In the Songnen Plain region, both fractions exhibited a decreasing trend from the northeast to the southwest regions. MAOM content (r=0.93, 0.66, and 0.51, respectively) and POM content (r=0.75, 0.25, and 0.36, respectively) were extremely significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated with SOM, clay content, and altitude. MAOM (r=-0.33, -0.57, -0.79, -0.73, and -0.40, respectively) and POM (r=-0.21, -0.26, -0.55, -0.58, and -0.24, respectively) were extremely significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with pH, bulk density, annual mean temperature, effective accumulated temperature, and normalized difference vegetation index. Random Forest model analysis showed that effective accumulated temperature, annual mean temperature, and clay content extremely significantly (P<0.01) affected the spatial variation of MAOM fraction, with explanation degrees of 33.7%, 32.7%, and 23.8%, respectively; effective accumulated temperature, annual mean temperature, and available phosphorus extremely significantly (P<0.01) affected the spatial variation of POM fractions, with explanation degrees of 26.1%, 25.2%, and 22.8%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The soil organic matter fractions in the drylands of the Songnen Plain showed an obvious spatial distribution pattern of being higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest, and annual mean temperature and effective accumulated temperature were the key factors driving their spatial distribution.

Key words: dryland soil, particulate organic matter, mineral-associated organic matter, spatial distribution, influencing factors, dryland soil of the Songnen Plain

YAO Yi, ZHANG SiYu, HAO SiQi, LI ShuangYi, SUN LiangJie, CHEN JingYu, AN TingTing, WANG JingKuan. Spatial Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Drylands of the Songnen Plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(21): 4854-4864.

Figures/Tables 6

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指标 Indicator	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)
土壤有机质SOM (g·kg^-1)	6.31	82.8	34.50	14.8	43.0
矿物结合态有机质MAOM (g·kg^-1)	3.96	49.8	24.70	11.3	46.0
颗粒有机质POM (g·kg^-1)	1.04	25.8	5.71	3.26	57.1
矿物结合态有机质占有机质比例MAOM/SOM (%)	47.00	92.0	70.90	11.00	15.6
颗粒有机质占有机质比例POM/SOM (%)	5.00	34.0	17.10	6.16	35.9

Spatial Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Drylands of the Songnen Plain

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