河北永定河流域葡萄园土壤硝态氮空间分布特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The relationship between nitrogen input, elevation of vineyards and soil nitrate content and accumulation in Yongding River Basin was studied, in order to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization and reduction of environmental pollution risks of vineyards in Yongding River Basin. 【Method】 52 typical vineyards in Yongding River Basin of Hebei Province were selected as the research objects. The current situation of nutrient input in the vineyard was analyzed through field investigation. Soil nitrate contents of 0-60 cm (20 cm interval) was measured through indoor analysis, and its accumulation and surplus were calculated. Spatial variability of nitrogen input and surplus, soil nitrate content and accumulation were analyzed by ArcGIS geostatistics. 【Result】 Less than 50% of farmers in Yongding River basin applied organic fertilizer, mainly using inorganic fertilizer. The average nitrogen input in upstream and downstream vineyards was (1 492.79±988.90) and (1 079.31±638.25) kg·hm^-2, respectively. The average nitrogen surplus were (1 430.41±993.01) and (1 027.23±637.37) kg·hm^-2, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between nitrogen input and surplus (P<0.01), and the spatial distribution showed a decreasing trend from west to east. The variation and spatial distribution of soil nitrate content and accumulation in different soil layers were consistent. The low value area was mainly distributed in the downstream, while the high value area was mainly distributed in the upstream. The average nitrate content of 0-60 cm soil profile in the upper and lower reaches was 34.96 and 18.76 mg·kg^-1, respectively, and the average cumulative amount was 92.44 and 48.12 kg·hm^-2, respectively, which showed significant differences among different soil layers. Soil nitrate content and accumulation in the upper reaches were the lowest in the 20-40 cm soil layer, and increased with the increase of soil layer in the lower reaches. Soil nitrate content and accumulation in the upper reaches were the highest at 600-650 m elevation, which were significantly higher than those at other elevations (P<0.05). However, soil nitrate content and accumulation in the lower reaches were not significantly affected by elevation. Correlation analysis showed that the distribution of nitrate accumulation in the surface layer were mainly affected by elevation, while in the bottom layer were mainly affected by nitrogen input. 【Conclusion】 In the Yongding River Basin, the nitrogen surplus of vineyards in the study area was serious, and the nitrate in the vertical soil layer accumulated to the deep layer. The soil nitrate content and accumulation at different elevations (except 450-500 m) were higher in the upstream than in the downstream, but the variation trend of vertical distribution was different, which was jointly affected by the elevation and nitrogen input.

Key words: Yongding River Basin, vineyards, nitrogen input and surplus, elevation, nitrate content, nitrate accumulation, the spatial distribution

LI SiQi, WANG ZhiHui, CHANG YuYao, JI YanZhi, GUO YanJie, LIU Jun, ZHANG LiJuan, WANG YaJing. Spatial Distribution of Nitrate in Vineyards Soils in Yongding River Basin, Hebei Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(17): 3399-3411.

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流域 Basin	高程 Elevations (m)
流域 Basin	450-500	500-550	550-600	600-650	650-700
上游 Upstream	435.00±254.56 Aa	1 880.51±1 218.94 Aa	1 987.15±1 125.48 Aa	1 223.16±564.52 Aa	1 058.78±436.26 Aa
下游 Downstream	648.04±225.13 Ba	1 170.39±725.95 ABa	966.79±270.05 ABb	971.25±514.42 ABa	1 659.08±968.78 Aa
全流域 Whole basin	587.17±235.36 Ba	1 525.45±1 036.24 Aa	1 476.97±944.92 Aab	1 151.19±521.22 ABa	1 298.9±717.41 ABa

流域 Basin	土层 Soil layer (cm)	高程 Elevations (m)
流域 Basin	土层 Soil layer (cm)	450-500	500-550	550-600	600-650	650-700
上游 Upstream	0-20	2.53±2.11Ba	8.19±5.67Ba	8.03±2.89Ba	29.26±23.92Aa	13.03±8.58Ba
	20-40	3.15±1.39Ba	8.40±6.23Ba	7.41±2.74Ba	18.28±5.79Aa	8.22±3.94Ba
	40-60	2.92±3.28Aa	13.43±9.32Aa	13.16±17.11Aa	15.11±6.66Aa	12.59±11.16Aa
下游 Downstream	0-20	5.95±3.13Aa	4.52±2.62Aa	5.46±3.93Aa	4.49±1.04Aa	5.93±1.69Aa
	20-40	5.61±5.45Aa	4.98±3.94Aa	6.01±3.08Aa	2.69±0.21Aa	6.85±8.85Aa
	40-60	3.22±1.52Aa	8.00±8.40Aa	12.13±11.04Aa	3.39±0.69Aa	10.32±13.26Aa

流域 Basin	土层 Soil layer (cm)	高程 Elevations (m)
流域 Basin	土层 Soil layer (cm)	450-500	500-550	550-600	600-650	650-700
上游 Upstream	0-20	7.02±5.87Ba	22.46±15.55Ba	19.53±7.02Ba	74.49±60.90Aa	34.90±23.00Ba
	20-40	10.37±6.09Ba	22.31±16.56Ba	18.80±6.95Ba	48.68±15.41Aa	21.78±10.42Ba
	40-60	8.66±9.74Aa	37.92±26.32Aa	34.46±44.79Aa	40.95±18.05Aa	32.43±28.75Aa
下游 Downstream	0-20	16.47±8.66Aa	9.64±5.46Aa	13.16±9.48Aa	11.97±2.77Aa	14.80±4.21Aa
	20-40	15.15±14.69Aa	11.72±10.79Aa	13.58±6.96Aa	7.22±0.55Aa	18.84±24.37Aa
	40-60	9.88±4.66Aa	20.33±22.50Aa	32.24±29.37Aa	8.76±1.79Aa	29.40±37.78Aa

	表层硝态氮累积量 Surface nitrate accumulation	中层硝态氮累积量 Middle nitrate accumulation	底层硝态氮累积量 Bottom nitrate accumulation
对应土层硝态氮含量 Corresponding to the nitrate content of soil layer	0.998**	0.997**	0.997**
对应土层含水量 Corresponding soil moisture content	0.132	0.274	0.267
对应土层粉粒含量 Corresponding to soil silt content	-0.021	0.036	-0.125
对应土层黏粒含量 Corresponding to soil clay content	0.075	0.133	-0.067
氮素投入 Nitrogen input	-0.016	0.220	0.253
高程 Elevation	0.322*	0.263	0.154

Spatial Distribution of Nitrate in Vineyards Soils in Yongding River Basin, Hebei Province

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