111份紫花苜蓿种质资源苗期表型抗旱性鉴定评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.19.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the ideal traits and methods that can characterize the drought resistance of the core germplasm population of alfalfa at the seedling stage, and to mine excellent drought-resistant germplasm, so as to provide technical support and material basis for the identification of drought resistance of alfalfa at the seedling stage, germplasm innovation and breeding.【Method】Using 111 core germplasms of alfalfa as materials, the single drought resistance coefficients of six traits, namely plant height (PH), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), main root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), and root dry weight (RDW), were determined under natural drought stress and normal water supply (control). Combining the analysis methods such as the single drought resistance coefficient, correlation, principal component, membership function, linear stepwise regression, and clustering of each trait of alfalfa, the response differences of each alfalfa germplasm to drought stress were evaluated, the traits and methods for identifying drought resistance at the seedling stage were screened, and the excellent resources of drought resistance at the seedling stage of alfalfa were explored.【Result】The analysis of the single drought resistance coefficient indicated that drought stress significantly inhibited all six traits of alfalfa at the seedling stage. The results of trait correlation showed that there was a positive correlation among the six traits. The principal component results indicated that the six individual drought-resistant traits of alfalfa could be combined into four comprehensive drought-resistant traits, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 86.885%. The methods such as single drought resistance coefficient, correlation, principal component and linear stepwise regression were comprehensively evaluated to determine that SFW, SDW, RFW and RDW were the ideal traits for evaluating alfalfa materials at the seedling stage. Using the classification methods of CDC value and D value, the drought resistance of 111 core germplasm populations of alfalfa at the seedling stage was classified. It was found that there were only subtle differences in the classification of drought resistance of various germplasm by the two drought resistance classification methods. The D values of 111 alfalfa core germplasms were clustered and classified. The various germplasms were divided into 5 categories, which belonged to strongly drought-resistant, moderately drought-resistant, moderately drought-resistant and drought-sensitive germplasms respectively.【Conclusion】Determine that SFW, SDW, RFW and RDW are the best traits for drought resistance evaluation of alfalfa at the seedling stage; The number of highly drought-resistant and relatively drought-resistant materials of alfalfa at the seedling stage excavated was 6 and 25 respectively.

Key words: alfalfa, germplasm resources, seedling stage, drought stress, comprehensive assessment

BAO MingFang, QIN Yan, CHEN CaiJin, ZHANG ShangPei, ZHANG GuoHui, SHA XiaoDi. Evaluation of 111 Alfalfa Germplasm Resources for Seedling Phenotypic Drought Tolerance Characterization[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(19): 3825-3836.

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相对性状 Relative trait	范围Realm (%)	均值 Average value	均方 Mean square	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)
相对株高RPH	0.44-4.37	0.9123	0.4292	47.04
地上部相对鲜重RSFW	0.10-1.83	0.4765	0.3062	64.26
地上部相对干重RSDW	0.09-3.33	0.6545	0.4474	68.36
相对主根长RMRL	0.26-1.74	0.9999	0.2903	29.04
相对根鲜重RRFW	0.02-1.64	0.4821	0.3790	78.60
相对根干重RRDW	0.06-3.00	0.7446	0.5204	69.89

相对性状 Relative trait	地上部相对鲜重 RSFW	地上部相对干重RSDW	相对主根长RMRL	相对根鲜重RRFW	相对根干重RRDW
相对株高RPH	0.1947*	0.0478	0.3040**	0.3215**	0.2529**
地上部相对鲜重 RSFW		0.4491**	0.1389	0.4862**	0.5091**
地上部相对干重 RSDW			0.0997	0.5079**	0.5744**
相对主根长 RMRL				0.3207**	0.1993*
相对根鲜重 RRFW					0.5699**

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin度量值 Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measurement value	Bartlett球形度检验 Bartlett’s sphericity test
0.785	近似卡方Approximate Chi-squared value	174.066
	自由度Degrees freedom	15
	显著性Significance	0.000

相对性状 Relative trait	主成分Principal component
相对性状 Relative trait	第1主成分PC1	第2主成分PC2	第3主成分PC3	第4主成分PC4
相对株高RPH	0.157	0.577	-0.770	-0.256
地上部相对鲜重RSFW	0.260	-0.183	-0.245	1.140
地上部相对干重RSDW	0.259	-0.371	0.234	-0.493
相对主根长RMRL	0.149	0.575	0.828	0.231
相对根鲜重RRFW	0.299	0.036	0.062	-0.215
相对根干重RRDW	0.297	-0.145	-0.060	-0.333
特征值Eigenvalues	2.782	1.167	0.714	0.550
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	46.374	19.449	11.901	9.161
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution (%)	46.374	65.822	77.724	86.885

资源序号 Resource number	CDC值 CDC values	资源序号 Resource number	D值 D-values
AG60	1.7251	AG110	0.6961
AG25	1.5020	AG60	0.6699
AG5	1.3396	AG51	0.6222
AG49	1.3300	AG5	0.6163
AG110	1.2412	AG25	0.6042
AG51	1.2238	AG49	0.5780
AG89	1.1856	AG87	0.5414
AG6	1.1262	AG6	0.5263
AG42	1.1114	AG67	0.5159
AG87	1.0959	AG89	0.5028

Evaluation of 111 Alfalfa Germplasm Resources for Seedling Phenotypic Drought Tolerance Characterization

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指标Index	D值D-values
相对株高RPH	0.5289**
地上部相对鲜重RSFW	0.6706**
地上部相对干重RSDW	0.6989**
相对主根长RMRL	0.4552**
相对根鲜重RRFW	0.8050**
相对根干重RRDW	0.8231**

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