稻田伴生浮萍碳、氮汇及对水稻产量影响的研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.23.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) is a floating microscopic plant that is usually found in standing water. Climate change is characterized by rising temperature, which is mainly due to increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration, and it poses potential risks to food production. Owing to factors such as climate warming and/or the eutrophication of water, duckweed growth in paddy fields has shown an increasing trend year by year in China. This paper focused on the impacts of duckweed on paddy fields and highlighted some vital trends. Duckweed reduced the water temperature of paddy by 0.86-2.76 ℃ and the pH value by 0.10-0.45, changed the structure of microbial community, reduced the NH₃ volatilization by 18.2%-59.0%, and increased the nitrogen utilization rate by 17.2%-78.0%. As a result, the nitrogen sink of paddy increased and the rice yield rose by 9.0%-34.6% upon duckweed growing in paddy. Duckweed grew and reproduced rapidly, and its annual biomass could reach 8×10³-13×10³ kg·hm^-2, making its carbon sink almost equal to that of rice in the same season. The mutualism between duckweed and rice was greater than its competition, and the coexistence of duckweed and rice in paddy showed an adaptation of the rice field ecosystem to environmental changes. Future research in this field should focus on the effect and its mechanism of duckweed on the paddy environment changes, rice growth, yield, and quality, and the risks which might bring to the paddy fields, especially the interaction with environmental factors (elevated temperature and CO₂ concentration, etc.). Such research would provide theoretical support for the sustainable agricultural development of rice farming technology based on biological collaboration, such as rice-duckweed, which can adapt to future changes in climate and environment.

Key words: duckweed (Lemna minor L.), rice, carbon sink, nitrogen sink, yield

JING LiQuan, LI Fan, ZHAO YiHan, WANG XunKang, ZHAO FuCheng, LAI ShangKun, SUN XiaoLin, WANG YunXia, YANG LianXin. Research Progress on the Carbon and Nitrogen Sink of Duckweed Growing in Paddy and Its Effects on Rice Yield[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(23): 4717-4728.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Effects of duckweed growing in field on the ecological environment factors of paddy and rice yield"

报道年份 Report year	组织 Organization	试验地点 Experiment location	施氮水平 N level (kg·hm^-2)	产量 Yield (%)	氨挥发 NH₃volatilization (%)	氮利用率 Nitrogen utilization rate (%)	pH	参考文献Reference
2003	中国水稻研究所 China National Rice Research Institute	温室试验 Greenhouse experiment	0	无效应 No effect	——	——	——	[36]
2008	广西大学 Guangxi University	广西大学科研基地 (108°17′E, 22°50′N) Research base of Guangxi University	275	11.1↑	18.2↓	——	——	[39]
2009	浙江大学 Zhejiang University	浙江嘉兴 (120°40′E, 30°50′N) Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province	90/180	9.4-9.8↑	33.2-53.7↓	——	0.45↓	[17]
2017	中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Institute of Soil Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences	中国科学院常熟实验站 (120°57′E, 31°15′N) Changshu Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences	225/300	9.0-10.0↑	36.0-59.0↓	35.0-78.0↑	0.10-0.30↓	[72]
2017	贵州民族大学 Guizhou Minzu University	贵州省岑巩县水稻基地 (108°46E, 27°12′N) Rice base in Cengong County, Guizhou Province	——	11.7-34.6↓	——	——	——	[44]
2019	南京林业大学 Nanjing Forestry University 中山大学 Sun Yat-Sen University	江苏省宜兴 (119°59′E,31°28′N) Yixing, Jiangsu Province	240	10.9↑	50.6-54.2↓	17.2↑	0.27-0.33↓	[12]
2019		江西省鹰潭 117°10′N) Yingtan, Jiangxi Province	240	10.9↑	50.6-54.2↓	17.2↑	0.27-0.33↓	[12]
2021	上海交通大学 Shanghai Jiaotong University	上海市青浦现代农业园 (30°58'9"E, 121°0'34"N) Shanghai Qingpu Modern Agricultural Park	189.2	28.0↑	——	——	——	[73]
2022	上海交通大学 Shanghai Jiaotong University	上海市青浦现代农业园 (30°58'9"E, 121°0'34"N) Shanghai Qingpu Modern Agricultural Park	——	23.0↑	——	——	0.32-0.39↓	[19]
2023	浙江省农业科学院 Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	太湖地区 (120°40' E, 30°50'N) Taihu region	170/225	——	——	——	——	[20]

Table 1

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Research Progress on the Carbon and Nitrogen Sink of Duckweed Growing in Paddy and Its Effects on Rice Yield

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