甘蔗不同基因型对白条病抗性的评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.21.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Sugarcane leaf scald disease is an important bacterial disease affecting sugarcane yield. Selection of disease-resistant genotypes can effectively reduce the incidence of this disease. This study aimed to explore the leaf-scald resistance of sugarcane genotypes, standardize resistance evaluation method, and provide a basis for the selection and utilization of germplasm resources of sugarcane. 【Method】Xanthomonas albilineans JG43 isolated from Guitang 46, was used as inoculum on 70 different sugarcane genotypes using the decapitation method by placing 500 mL of bacterial suspension on the surface previously cut above the apical meristem with scissors dipped in the inoculum suspension of 10⁸ CFU/mL. The disease incidence (IC) was calculated at 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 days post-inoculation (Dpi). The disease index (DI) and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were calculated according to the disease severity of leaf scald in sugarcane. Variance, principal component, and discriminant analysis were performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Among them, a general linear model procedure (PROC) and the square sum model of type III were used to analyze the variance, with IC, DI and AUDPC as dependent variables, genotype, block and days post-inoculation as fixed factors. After the original data were processed by standardization (Z-score), principal component analysis was carried out by KOM and Bartlett sphere test. The Euclidean metric was calculated for cluster analysis using the WPGMA method of DPS 9.50 software. The discriminant analysis was performed to evaluate the clustering results according to Fisher’s criterion. 【Result】Some genotypes displayed white pencil lines at 14 dpi, then gradually expanded to the edge at 28 dpi. The leaves began yellowing or albinism from the edge to the veins at 42 dpi, then curled inward and died at 56 dpi. The severely infected plant withered and eventually died at 70 dpi. Variance analysis exhibited highly significant effects for IC, DI, and AUDPC among genotype (Gen), days post-inoculation (Dpi), and their interactions effect (Gen × Dpi) (P<0.01). Approximately 42% of the total sum of square was attributed to Dpi effect, indicating significant differences among genotypes resistance across the days post-inoculation. At 56 dpi, the disease reached a steady plateau, and the data in this period could be better divided among sugarcane genotypes. The results of discriminant and cluster analysis showed that 70 genotypes were divided into five different groups, including 15 highly resistant, 14 resistant, 15 moderate, 11 susceptible, and 15 highly susceptible genotypes. 【Conclusion】The resistance of sugarcane genotypes to leaf scald was assessed using the decapitation method, the IC, DI and AUDPC at 56 dpi were used as the evaluation indicators. The combined method of clustering and discriminant analysis could improve the accuracy of clustering results. Fifteen genotypes of high resistance to leaf scald were assessed and used for the sugarcane breeding program in China, including Zhongzhe 9, Zhongzhe 4, Zhongzhe 2, GUC19, GUC8, Yunrui 03-103, Yunrui 05-649, Yunrui 05-182, Yunrui 05-367, Yunrui 89-159, Funong 11601, Funong 09-4059, Guitang 02-467, Guitang 08-297, ROC22.

Key words: sugarcane, leaf scald, disease resistance, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, discrimination analysis

DU JinXia,LI YiSha,LI MeiLin,CHEN WenHan,ZHANG MuQing. Evaluation of Resistance to Leaf Scald Disease in Different Sugarcane Genotypes[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(21): 4118-4130.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 4

Cluster and discriminate analysis for the leaf scald resistance of sugarcane genotypes"

供试基因型 Tested genotypes	亲本组合 Parental combination	病害发展曲线下面积 AUDPC	发病率 IC (%)	病情指数 DI	聚类分析 Cluster group	判别分类 Discriminate group	后验概率 Posterior probability
中蔗9号 ZZ9	新台糖25号×云瑞89-7 ROC25×YR 89-7	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
中蔗4号 ZZ4	新台糖25号×云瑞89-7 ROC25×YR 89-7	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
中蔗2号 ZZ2	新台糖25号×云瑞89-7 ROC25×YR 89-7	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
中蔗6号 ZZ6	新台糖25号×云瑞89-7 ROC25×YR 89-7	770.00±22.17	44.44±9.62	38.89±11.71	MR	MR	0.954
中蔗5号 ZZ5	新台糖22号×云瑞03-103 ROC22×YR03-103	466.67±20.42	33.33±0.00	31.11±3.85	R	R	0.975
GUC33	CP49-50×CP96-1252	1843.33±38.53	66.67±8.86	63.33±2.14	HS	HS	1.000
GUC19	CP49-50×CP96-1252	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
GUC3	CP88-1762×CP96-1252	980.00±16.81	33.33±8.86	33.33±2.86	MR	MR	0.956
GUC37	CP88-1762×CP96-1252	692.22±9.75	50.00±0.00	50.00±0.00	MR	MR	0.844
GUC2	CP88-1762×CP96-1252	1524.44±58.72	88.89±19.25	73.33±11.54	HS	HS	1.000
GUC23	HoCP01-157×CP14-096	1329.97±50.26	66.67±8.87	56.67±20.81	HS	HS	0.978
GUC1	HoCP01-157×CP14-096	295.56±17.44	61.11±4.69	42.22±6.78	S	S	0.987
GUC16	HoCP01-157×CP14-096	420.00±14.00	66.67±28.87	33.33±11.55	S	S	0.996
GUC8	HoCP01-157×CP14-096	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
供试基因型 Tested genotypes	亲本组合 Parental combination	病害发展曲线下面积 AUDPC	发病率 IC (%)	病情指数 DI	聚类分析 Cluster group	判别分类 Discriminate group	后验概率 Posterior probability
GUC34	CP00-1100×Q209	592.67±27.59	66.67±28.87	50.00±17.32	S	S	0.995
GUC13	CP00-1100×Q209	323.56±25.03	17.78±6.77	10.67±2.24	R	R	0.828
GUC9	CP00-1100×Q209	379.17±14.36	19.44±1.35	18.61±2.01	R	R	0.969
GUC15	CP89-2143×CP72-1210	1617.78±61.23	50.00±0.00	46.67±5.77	MR	HS	0.640
GUC35	CP89-2143×CP72-1210	626.89±6.45	33.33±0.00	31.11±3.85	R	R	0.831
GUC25	CP89-2143×CP72-1210	601.11±2.00	31.67±0.00	26.67±6.46	R	R	0.831
云瑞03-394 YR 03-394	德蔗93-88×云瑞99-634 Dezhe 93-88×YR 99-634	373.33±6.94	44.44±9.62	35.56±7.69	R	R	0.885
云瑞07-4677 YR 07-4677	德蔗93-88×云斑F299-546 Dezhe 93-88×Yunban F299-546	560.00±5.06	50.00±5.00	40.00±3.00	MR	MR	0.725
云瑞06-4674 YR 06-4674	德蔗93-88×云斑F299-546 Dezhe 93-88×Yunban F299-546	1680.00±24.29	66.67±8.86	60.00±4.64	HS	HS	1.000
云瑞06-2416 YR 06-2416	德蔗93-94×云斑F303-917 Dezhe 93-94×Yunban F303-917	1353.33±7.05	66.67±8.86	60.00±6.45	HS	HS	0.981
云瑞05-770 YR 05-770	德蔗93-88×云瑞03-409 Dezhe 93-88×YR 03-409	684.44± 8.58	66.67±8.86	53.33±3.09	S	S	0.993
云瑞05-784 YR 05-784	新台糖10号×云瑞03-403 ROC10×YR 03-403	1765.56±46.79	72.22±5.45	70.00±21.86	HS	HS	1.000
云瑞05-649 YR 05-649	新台糖10号×云瑞03-117 ROC10×YR 03-117	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
云瑞05-367 YR 05-367	新台糖10号×云瑞03-405 ROC10×YR 03-405	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
云瑞03-425 YR 03-425	新台糖10号×云瑞99-546 ROC10×YR 99-546	816.67±34.63	50.00±6.67	50.00±6.67	MR	MR	0.925
云瑞03-417 YR 03-417	新台糖10号×云瑞99-546 ROC10×YR 99-546	1306.67±34.63	83.33±28.86	73.33±8.86	HS	HS	0.993
云瑞05-49 YR 05-49	新台糖23号×崖城90-56 ROC23×Yacheng 90-56	1505.78±42.16	66.67±8.86	62.22±1.17	HS	HS	0.999
云瑞03-103 YR 03-103	CP72-1210×湛蔗74-141 CP72-1210×Zhanzhe 74-141	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
云瑞05-182 YR 05-182	未知Unknown	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
云瑞89-159 YR 89-159	未知Unknown	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
云瑞05-179 YR 05-179	云瑞99-178×德蔗93-88 YR99-178×DZ93-88	618.31±5.78	50.00±0.00	39.44±5.85	MR	MR	0.816
新台糖10号ROC10	新台糖5号×F152 ROC5×F152	230.22±5.46	44.44±9.62	22.22±2.23	R	R	0.988
新台糖22号ROC22	新台糖5号×69-463 ROC5×69-463	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
新台糖23号ROC23	F166×74-575	318.89±4.53	27.78±5.46	27.78±5.46	R	R	0.999
新台糖7号ROC7	F160×60-2321	626.67±6.05	68.33±5.17	45.00±3.47	S	S	0.996
新台糖1号ROC1	F146×P58-19	85.56±4.30	27.78±5.46	12.22±3.47	R	R	0.999
新台糖16号ROC16	F171×74-575	1610.00±28.49	83.33±8.87	76.67±5.17	HS	HS	1.000
新台糖25号ROC25	79-6048×69-463	132.22±15.10	27.78±5.46	12.22±3.47	R	R	0.999
福农94-0744 FN 94-0744	新台糖1号×崖城 73-512 ROC1×Yacheng 73-512	2061.13±96.83	66.67±7.74	63.33±5.08	HS	HS	1.000
福农99-20169 FN 99-20169	新台糖10号×CP84-1198 ROC10×CP84-1198	836.11±43.28	44.44±9.62	39.44±5.85	MR	MR	0.979
供试基因型 Tested genotypes	亲本组合 Parental combination	病害发展曲线下面积 AUDPC	发病率 IC (%)	病情指数 DI	聚类分析 Cluster group	判别分类 Discriminate group	后验概率 Posterior probability
福农36号 FN 36	新台糖10号×桂糖91-116 ROC10×GT 91-116	1050.00±0.00	50.00±0.00	50.00±0.00	MR	MR	0.982
福农41号 FN 41	新台糖20号×粤糖91-976 ROC20×Yuetang 91-976	1054.67±36.29	44.44±9.62	44.44±9.62	MR	MR	0.998
福农11号 FN 11	新台糖20号×粤糖91-976 ROC20×Yuetang 91-976	863.33±44.56	66.67±8.87	56.67±2.81	S	S	0.982
福农10-2819 FN 10-2819	新台糖22号×CP93-1634 ROC22×CP93-1634	963.67±31.74	34.44±15.03	29.22±13.33	MR	MR	0.951
福农5号 FN 5	新台糖22号×崖城73-512 ROC22×Yacheng 73-512	124.44±17.43	27.78±5.45	17.78±6.77	R	R	0.999
福农83-36 FN 83-36	CP49-50×福农 57-18 CP49-50×FN 57-18	1656.67±7.39	72.22±5.45	72.22±5.45	HS	HS	1.000
福农95-1702 FN 95-1702	CP72-1210×粤糖73-204 CP72-1210×Yuetang 73-204	941.11±9.76	66.67±8.87	56.67±2.81	S	S	0.963
福农10-14405 FN 10-14405	粤糖91-976×闽糖86-05 Yuetang 91-976×Mintang 86-05	886.67±23.46	50.00±6.67	40.00±3.33	MR	MR	0.969
福农09-4059 FN 09-4059	粤糖93-159×云瑞91-790 Yuetang 93-159×YR 91-790	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
福农09-7111 FN 09-7111	桂糖96-44×新台糖11号 GT 96-44×ROC11	1376.67±29.23	66.67±8.86	50.00±6.05	HS	HS	0.996
福农11-2907 FN 11-2907	桂糖96-211×云瑞 05-679 GT 96-211×YR 05-679	361.67±44.56	58.33±8.86	51.67±2.81	S	S	0.969
福农07-3206 FN 07-3206	90-1211×77-797	343.00±9.11	50.00±0.00	38.33±2.88	R	R	0.626
福农7409 FN 7409	福农95-1702×崖城84-153 FN 95-1702×Yacheng 84-153	886.67±11.16	44.44±9.62	28.89±2.09	MR	MR	0.985
福农11-601 FN 11-601	未知Unknown	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
桂糖08-297 GT 08-297	新台糖1号×粤糖91-976 ROC1×Yuetang 91-976	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
桂糖02-237 GT 02-237	新台糖1号×粤糖91-976 ROC1×Yuetang 91-976	1050.00±6.73	50.00±0.00	43.33±5.77	MR	MR	0.987
桂糖00-245 GT 00-245	新台糖10号×CP72-1210 ROC10×CP72-1210	295.56±7.77	38.89±9.62	35.56±3.84	R	R	0.988
桂糖04-1001 GT 04-1001	新台糖22号×桂糖92-66 ROC22×GT 92-66	622.22±9.23	44.44±8.86	35.56±6.05	MR	MR	0.750
桂糖04-1045 GT 04-1045	新台糖23号×桂糖42号 ROC23×GT 42	1438.89±18.26	66.67±8.86	56.67±2.21	HS	HS	0.998
桂糖02-467 GT 02-467	新台糖23号×CP84-1198 ROC23×CP84-1198	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	HR	HR	1.000
桂糖46号 GT 46	新台糖25号×粤糖 85-177 ROC25×Yuetang 85-177	1378.86±5.31	90.00±8.49	45.66±3.47	HS	HS	1.000
桂糖05-2605 GT 05-2605	粤糖85-177×CP57-614 Yuetang 85-177×CP57-614	222.23±5.31	50.00±0.00	23.89±3.47	R	R	0.933
桂糖02-390 GT 02-390	粤糖85-177×桂糖92-66 Yuetang 85-177×GT 92-66	1057.78±13.47	72.22±0.00	53.33±5.77	S	S	0.597
桂糖05-2743 GT 05-2743	新台糖23号×HoCP93-750 ROC23×HoCP93-750	1096.67±27.08	66.67±8.86	56.67±2.81	S	S	0.699
桂糖03-91 GT 03-91	新台糖10×桂糖73-167 ROC10×GT73-167	1252.22±17.07	50.00±0.00	50.00±0.00	MR	MR	0.990
桂糖07-713 GT 07-713	未知Unknown	435.56±15.54	77.78±8.49	62.22±3.79	S	S	1.000

Table 4

Table 5

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分级Grade	症状Symptom
0级Score 0	无症状Asymptomatic
1级Score 1	1—2条白色铅笔线One or two white pencil lines
2级Score 2	超过2条白色铅笔线More than two white pencil lines
3级Score 3	叶片变白或黄化Chlorotic or yellowing leaf
4级Score 4	叶片坏死Leaf necrosis
5级Score 5	植株死亡Plant death

变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 DF	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	方差占比 SS (%)
发病率Incidence
基因型Genotype	69	3479.33	10.56***	18.98
接种后时间Days post-inoculation	4	135402.62	410.83***	42.82
区组Block	2	66.04	0.20ns	0.01
基因型×接种后时间Genotype×Days post-inoculation	276	916.66	2.78***	20.00
误差Error	698	329.58		18.19
病情指数Disease index
基因型Genotype	69	2647.15	12.00***	20.13
接种后时间 Days post-inoculation	4	96849.43	438.91***	42.69
区组Block	2	176.95	0.80ns	0.04
基因型×接种后时间Genotype×Days post-inoculation	276	663.09	3.01***	20.17
误差Error	698	220.66		16.97
病害进展曲线下面积Area under the disease progress curve
基因型Genotype	69	1825929.17	12.11***	21.12
接种后时间 Days post-inoculation	4	62974060.05	417.56***	42.22
区组Block	2	89025.78	0.59ns	0.03
基因型×接种后时间Genotype×Days post-inoculation	276	410381.89	2.72***	18.99
误差Error	698	150813.87

参数 Parameter	第1主成分 Component 1	第2主成分 Component 2	第3主成分 Component 3
IC-14 dpi	0.565	0.692	0.297
IC-28 dpi	0.777	0.465	-0.014
IC-42 dpi	0.807	-0.125	-0.468
IC-56 dpi	0.801	-0.421	-0.043
IC-70 dpi	0.540	-0.591	0.524
DI-14 dpi	0.577	0.670	0.291
DI-28 dpi	0.773	0.510	0.006
DI-42 dpi	0.817	-0.110	-0.483
DI-56 dpi	0.801	-0.442	-0.136
DI-70 dpi	0.602	-0.550	0.504
特征值Eigenvectors	5.11	2.46	1.17
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	51.10	24.56	11.74
累计贡献率Accumulative contribution rate (%)	51.10	75.66	87.40
因子权重Factor weight (%)	58.47	28.10	13.43

抗性等级 Grade of resistance	供试基因型 Tested genotype	数量 Number	平均值多重比较 Mean multiple comparison
抗性等级 Grade of resistance	供试基因型 Tested genotype	数量 Number	发病率 IC	病情指数 DI	病害进展曲线下面积 AUDPC
高抗HR	ZZ9、ZZ4、ZZ2、GUC19、GUC8、YR03-103、YR05-649、YR05-182、YR05-367、YR89-159、ROC22、FN11601、FN09-4059、GT02-467、GT08-297	15	0.00±0.00A	0.00±0.00A	0.00±0.00A
抗R	ZZ5、GUC13、GUC9、YR03-394、ROC10、ROC23、ROC25、ROC1、FN5、FN07-3206、GT05-2605、GT 00-245、GUC25、GUC35	14	34.98±11.52B	24.75±9.95B	300.13±44.99B
中抗/中感 MR/MS	ZZ6、GUC3、GUC37、YR07-4677、YR05-179、YR03-425、FN10-14405、FN10-2819、FN7409、FN99-20169、FN41、FN36、GT04-1001、GT02-237、GT03-91	15	48.17±6.06C	32.59±7.79C	670.49±83.57C
感病S	GUC34、GUC1、GUC16、YR05-770、ROC7、FN95-1702、FN11、FN11-2907、GT02-390、GT05-2743、GT07-713	11	53.72±6.97D	43.76±9.30D	916.07±65.59D
高感HS	GUC33、GUC23、GUC2、YR06-4674、YR06-2416、YR05-49、YR05-784、YR03-417、ROC16、FN09-7111、FN83-36、FN94-0744、GT04-1045、GT46、GUC15	15	68.05±13.81E	57.47±12.62E	1658.16±138.68E

Evaluation of Resistance to Leaf Scald Disease in Different Sugarcane Genotypes

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