扬麦系列品种品质性状分析及育种启示

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.07.002

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the quality traits of Yangmai series wheat varieties and carry out quality classification , thus providing guidance for planting appropriate wheat varieties in the suitable areas and selecting proper parents for wheat quality breeding. Moreover, based on the analyses between the performances of quality traits and pedigree of different types of varieties, a simple and practical quality selection index and principle of parent selection were proposed. 【Method】 A total of twenty-four Yangmai wheat varieties were planted in randomized complete blocks with two replications at the research station of Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. Quality parameters, such as kernel hardness, grain protein content, wet gluten content, SDS sedimentation value, solvent retention capacity (SRC), farinograph parameters and rapid visco analyzer parameters were investigated after harvesting. 【Result】 The hardness of tested wheat varieties were ranged from 13.48 to 62.12, those can be divided into soft wheat (lower than 32) and hard wheat (higher than 54); In addition, the values of sedimentation value, protein content, wet gluten content, gluten index, water SRC, sodium carbonate SRC, sucrose SRC, absorption, development time, stability time, peak viscosity and pasting temperature were 6.33-13.75 mL, 12.60%-14.61%, 29.74%-38.13%, 38.86%-82.83%, 54.69%-78.56%, 71.40%-107.73%, 95.66%-127.27%, 54.77%-67.40%, 1.23-8.83 min, 2.20-13.17 min, 3 000 cP up and down, and 61.57-64.75℃, respectively. We found that Yangmai4, Yangmai10, Yangmai158, Yangmai16, Yangmai17 and Yangmai23 showed significantly higher hardness, water SRC, sodium carbonate SRC, sucrose SRC and water absorption than other varieties based on the analysis. However, we did not find the significant different of protein content and wet gluten content between different varieties. Development time and stability time of Yangmai 2 was the longest, wherea no significant differences were observed among most varieties. The cluster analysis indicated that 24 varieties could be categorized into two major groups, which was in consistence with the results from pedigree analysis. 【Conclusion】 Most of Yangmai series wheat varieties could be classified as weak gluten wheat with low hardness, gluten index, water SRC, sodium carbonate SRC, sucrose SRC and water absorption. However, Yangmai4, Yangmai10, Yangmai158, Yangmai16, Yangmai17, and Yangmai23 were mid-strong gluten wheat with relatively high hardness, gluten index, water SRC, sodium carbonate SRC, sucrose SRC and water absorption. Yangmai series wheat varieties generally showed high peak viscosity and low pasting temperature. Hardness can be used as an efficient and practical selection index for quality breeding. We recommend that wheat breeders have to use at least one corresponding quality cultivar/line as one of parent for making cross if you are going to develop good quality wheat variety.

Key words: common wheat, breeding, quality traits, cluster, pedigree

Xiao ZHANG,Man LI,DaTong LIU,Wei JIANG,Yong ZHANG,DeRong GAO. Analysis of Quality Traits and Breeding Inspiration in Yangmai Series Wheat Varieties[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(7): 1309-1321.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Kernel hardness, protein content, sedimentation value, wet gluten content and gluten index of Yangmai series wheat varieties"

品种名称 Variety	硬度 Grain hardness (%)	籽粒蛋白质含量 Grain protein content (%)	SDS沉淀值 SDS sedimentation value (mL)	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content (%)	面筋指数 Gluten index (%)
扬麦1号 Yangmai1	29.73bc	14.47ab	7.50fgh	38.13a	48.27hij
扬麦2号 Yangmai2	31.51b	13.77bcde	10.17bcdef	30.81cde	82.77a
扬麦3号 Yangmai3	22.00bcde	13.78abcde	8.75efgh	32.56cde	50.44fghi
扬麦4号 Yangmai4	62.12a	14.03abcd	8.33fgh	33.10bcd	48.81ghij
扬麦5号 Yangmai5	28.14bc	13.41defg	6.92gh	29.83e	59.68defg
扬麦6号 Yangmai6	30.52b	14.32abc	10.17bcdef	35.82ab	59.44defg
扬麦158 Yangmai158	61.65a	12.85fg	11.67abcde	30.81cde	69.81bcd
扬麦9号 Yangmai9	27.38bcd	13.01efg	6.33h	29.99e	64.35cde
扬麦10号 Yangmai10	58.68a	13.27defg	12.58ab	31.26cde	66.14cde
扬麦11 Yangmai11	27.19bcd	13.82abcde	9.33cdefgh	31.31cde	63.87cde
扬麦12 Yangmai12	23.61bcde	13.41defg	7.67fgh	29.74e	69.89bcd
扬麦13 Yangmai13	18.90cde	13.85abcde	6.58gh	32.45cde	42.84ij
扬麦14 Yangmai14	26.08bcd	13.28defg	8.42fgh	31.29cde	60.87cdef
扬麦15 Yangmai15	16.50de	12.60g	9.00defgh	29.90e	71.78abc
扬麦16 Yangmai16	61.23a	13.72bcde	12.08abcd	32.80bcde	59.84defg
扬麦17 Yangmai17	54.31a	14.61a	13.75a	35.82ab	55.29efgh
扬麦18 Yangmai18	25.04bcd	13.78abcde	7.42fgh	32.57cde	50.65fghi
扬麦19 Yangmai19	26.37bcd	13.81abcde	7.92fgh	31.32cde	63.40cde
扬麦20 Yangmai20	26.01bcd	13.59cdef	6.50gh	33.48bc	38.86j
扬麦21 Yangmai21	13.48e	13.55cdef	8.25fgh	32.05cde	59.57defg
扬麦22 Yangmai22	29.34bc	13.61cdef	7.00gh	31.78cde	57.94efgh
扬麦23 Yangmai23	60.27a	13.81abcde	12.42abc	31.24cde	82.83a
扬麦24 Yangmai24	23.27bcde	12.82fg	9.58bcdefg	30.18de	80.02ab
扬麦25 Yangmai25	22.35bcde	12.81fg	8.92efgh	31.47cde	80.19ab

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Pasting properties of Yangmai series wheat varieties"

品种名称 Variety	峰值黏度 Peak viscosity (cP)	低谷黏度 Trough viscosity (cP)	稀懈值 Breakdown (cP)	最终黏度 Final viscosity (cP)	回升值 Setback (cP)
扬麦1号 Yangmai1	3062.00ab	1798.67abc	1263.33abcdef	3148.00abc	1349.33ab
扬麦2号 Yangmai2	3150.00a	1781.33abc	1368.67abc	3138.00abc	1356.67ab
扬麦3号 Yangmai3	2108.33e	1093.33h	1015.00ij	2163.33h	1070.00g
扬麦4号 Yangmai4	2355.67de	1341.00fg	1014.67ij	2558.00fg	1217.00cdef
扬麦5号 Yangmai5	2339.33de	1235.00gh	1104.33hij	2390.67gh	1155.67efg
扬麦6号 Yangmai6	2946.67ab	1608.67cde	1338.00abcd	2797.00def	1188.33defg
扬麦158 Yangmai158	3026.00ab	1896.67a	1129.33fghi	3268.00a	1371.33ab
扬麦9号 Yangmai9	3026.67ab	1738.67abcde	1288.00abcde	3123.33abc	1384.67ab
扬麦10号 Yangmai10	2984.33ab	1833.00ab	1151.33efghi	3237.00ab	1404.00ab
扬麦11 Yangmai11	2920.00abc	1784.67abc	1135.33fghi	3148.67abc	1364.00ab
扬麦12 Yangmai12	3035.00ab	1799.00abc	1236.00cdefgh	3190.33ab	1391.33ab
扬麦13 Yangmai13	2910.33abc	1523.00ef	1387.33ab	2626.00efg	1103.00fg
扬麦14 Yangmai14	2778.33bc	1548.00def	1230.33cdefgh	2831.67cdef	1283.67bcde
扬麦15 Yangmai15	2960.00ab	1761.67abcd	1198.33defgh	3124.33abc	1362.67ab
扬麦16 Yangmai16	2937.67ab	1835.00ab	1102.67hij	3210.33ab	1375.33ab
扬麦17 Yangmai17	2613.33cd	1634.00bcde	979.33j	3020.00abcd	1386.00ab
扬麦18 Yangmai18	3053.00ab	1656.67bcde	1396.33a	2936.33bcde	1279.67bcde
扬麦19 Yangmai19	3010.33ab	1676.67abcde	1333.67abcd	3003.33abcd	1326.67abc
扬麦20 Yangmai20	2868.00abc	1667.00bcde	1201.00defgh	2982.00abcd	1315.00abcd
扬麦21 Yangmai21	3026.00ab	1775.33abc	1250.67bcdefg	3087.33abcd	1312.00abcd
扬麦22 Yangmai22	2449.67d	1261.67gh	1188.00efgh	2385.00gh	1123.33fg
扬麦23 Yangmai23	2936.67ab	1825.67abc	1111.00ghij	3248.33ab	1422.67a
扬麦24 Yangmai24	2916.00abc	1655.33bcde	1260.67abcdef	2972.67abcd	1317.33abcd
扬麦25 Yangmai25	2979.33ab	1736.33abcde	1243.00cdefgh	3111.33abcd	1375.00ab

Table 4

Fig. 1

Table 5

Fig. 2

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品种名称 Variety	水SRC Water SRC (%)	碳酸钠SRC Sodium carbonate SRC (%)	乳酸SRC Lactic SRC (%)	蔗糖SRC Sucrose SRC (%)
扬麦1号 Yangmai1	54.70j	71.40h	102.24f	102.16l
扬麦2号 Yangmai2	57.46hij	77.63efg	128.13a	110.72fghij
扬麦3号 Yangmai3	57.16ij	76.32efg	109.32def	109.74ghijk
扬麦4号 Yangmai4	75.55b	101.45bc	121.59abc	121.41bc
扬麦5号 Yangmai5	58.35fghi	75.70fgh	108.69ef	105.80kl
扬麦6号 Yangmai6	60.19efgh	76.52efg	118.83abcd	113.69efgh
扬麦158 Yangmai158	78.56a	107.73a	122.08abc	123.60ab
扬麦9号 Yangmai9	57.98ghi	75.27fgh	102.44f	113.82efg
扬麦10号 Yangmai10	73.10b	104.37ab	124.24ab	127.27a
扬麦11 Yangmai11	63.83cd	88.55d	122.49abc	121.75bc
扬麦12 Yangmai12	58.84efghi	77.94efg	107.82ef	109.15ijk
扬麦13 Yangmai13	54.69j	73.78gh	100.86f	103.21l
扬麦14 Yangmai14	60.92ef	80.55e	104.35f	117.59cde
扬麦15 Yangmai15	58.09fghi	79.44ef	107.68ef	109.49hijk
扬麦16 Yangmai16	73.70b	103.80ab	125.10a	124.26ab
扬麦17 Yangmai17	65.93c	86.57d	113.97cde	108.68jk
扬麦18 Yangmai18	59.20efghi	80.47e	109.47def	116.79de
扬麦19 Yangmai19	60.56efg	77.31efg	106.53ef	108.37jk
扬麦20 Yangmai20	59.13efghi	75.71fgh	85.89g	95.66m
扬麦21 Yangmai21	59.07efghi	76.44efg	109.06ef	113.41efghi
扬麦22 Yangmai22	61.36de	77.71efg	89.65g	112.42fghij
扬麦23 Yangmai23	73.23b	99.14c	122.14abc	118.48cd
扬麦24 Yangmai24	60.75efg	77.60efg	114.07cde	111.93fghij
扬麦25 Yangmai25	60.40efg	78.16efg	115.44bcde	114.76def

品种名称 Variety	吸水率 Water absorption (%)	形成时间 Development time (min)	稳定时间 Stability time (min)	弱化度 Degree of softening (FU)	粉质质量指数 Quality number
扬麦1号 Yangmai1	57.43efgh	2.43bcd	3.47d	56.33cdef	50.33def
扬麦2号 Yangmai2	55.73ghi	8.83a	13.17a	16.00h	154.33a
扬麦3号 Yangmai3	56.03ghi	2.63bcd	5.20bcd	49.00defg	68.00bcdef
扬麦4号 Yangmai4	65.30b	3.47bcd	4.33cd	46.67defg	68.00bcdef
扬麦5号 Yangmai5	57.50efg	1.67d	3.73d	70.00bcd	49.00def
扬麦6号 Yangmai6	61.53c	4.47b	3.93d	50.00defg	75.00bcdef
扬麦158 Yangmai158	67.40a	2.67bcd	4.67bcd	46.33defg	68.67bcdef
扬麦9号 Yangmai9	54.77i	1.37d	4.23cd	57.67cdef	48.33def
扬麦10号 Yangmai10	65.47b	3.10bcd	3.77d	64.67cde	59.33cdef
扬麦11 Yangmai11	60.67cd	2.30bcd	5.60bcd	42.67efg	76.67bcdef
扬麦12 Yangmai12	56.43ghi	1.73cd	4.50cd	45.33defg	47.67def
扬麦13 Yangmai13	55.67hi	1.23d	2.20d	95.33ab	26.67f
扬麦14 Yangmai14	59.20de	4.63b	4.97bcd	44.67defg	71.33bcdef
扬麦15 Yangmai15	56.97fgh	2.47bcd	5.70bcd	45.33defg	67.33bcdef
扬麦16 Yangmai16	66.27ab	4.03bc	5.43bcd	38.00fgh	84.33bcd
扬麦17 Yangmai17	61.57c	4.50b	4.90bcd	40.67efgh	82.00bcde
扬麦18 Yangmai18	58.30ef	2.10cd	3.70d	58.67cdef	53.33cdef
扬麦19 Yangmai19	56.23ghi	1.80cd	5.97bcd	41.67efg	75.33bcdef
扬麦20 Yangmai20	57.37fgh	1.57d	2.73d	105.00a	38.00def
扬麦21 Yangmai21	56.97fgh	2.70bcd	3.80d	61.00cdef	55.33cdef
扬麦22 Yangmai22	57.00fgh	2.10cd	3.63d	81.33abc	48.67def
扬麦23 Yangmai23	62.17c	3.00bcd	8.43bc	30.00gh	119.00ab
扬麦24 Yangmai24	55.97ghi	1.47d	6.00bcd	48.67defg	31.33ef
扬麦25 Yangmai25	56.80fgh	1.83cd	8.93ab	25.67gh	104.67abc

品种 Variety	组合 Combination
扬麦10号Yangmai10	Yuma/ Chancellor⁸//扬麦5号/3/扬85-85⁴/4/扬麦158² Yuma/ Chancellor⁸//Yangmai5/3/Yang85-85⁴/4/Yangmai158²
扬麦11 Yangmai11	Yuma/ Chancellor⁸//扬麦5号/3/扬85-85⁴/4/扬麦158³ Yuma/ Chancellor⁸//Yangmai5/3/Yang85-85⁴/4/Yangmai158³
扬麦12 Yangmai12	TP114/扬麦5号//85-85⁴/3/扬麦158³ TP114/ Yangmai 5//85-85⁴/3/ Yangmai 158³
扬麦18 Yangmai18	88-128/南农P045//扬麦158⁶/3/宁麦9号⁴88-128/NannongP045// Yangmai 158⁶/3/Ningmai9⁴
扬麦19 Yangmai19	扬麦5号/（Yuma/Chancellor⁸）//扬85-85⁴/3/扬麦158³/4/扬麦9号⁶ Yangmai5/（Yuma/Chancellor⁸）//Yang85-85⁴/3/Yangmai158³/4/Yangmai9⁶
扬麦21 Yangmai21	红卷芒/宁麦9号⁶ Hongjuanmang/Ningmai9⁶
扬麦22 Yangmai22	扬麦9号³/97033-2 Yangmai9³/97033-2
扬麦24 Yangmai24	扬麦17//扬麦11/豫麦18 Yangmai17//Yangmai11/Yumai18
扬麦25 Yangmai25	扬麦17//扬麦11/豫麦18 Yangmai17//Yangmai11/Yumai18

Analysis of Quality Traits and Breeding Inspiration in Yangmai Series Wheat Varieties

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