Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2005, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 2043-2052 .

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on Soil Productivity and Nitrate Accumulation in Gansu Oasis

,,,,,,   

  • Received:2005-01-10 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2005-10-10 Published:2005-10-10

Abstract: A long-term (1982-2001) field experiment was conducted on a calcareous soil at Zhangye, Gansu under wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation system in order to determine the effects of long-term fertilization on crop yield, content and accumulation of nitrate-N in soil profiles. Twenty-four plots in a split-plot include eight treatments [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and farmyard manure (M) application] and 3 replicates were designed. Main treatments were M and no M, and the sub-treatments were no-fertilizer (CK), N, NP and NPK. In P and K were part of treatments, their ratio to N was 1N﹕0.22P﹕0.42K. All M, P and K fertilizers were applied as the basal dressing. The crops were harvested for grain yield in all years and for straw yields from 1988 to 1997. After crop harvest in 2000, the soil was sampled from the 0-20, 20-60, 60-100, 100-140 and 140-180 cm depths to determine NO3--N content. The twenty-year grain yield decreased in the order of MNPK≥MNP>NPK>MN>NP>M>N>CK. Corn yield of CK in 2000 was only 28.2% of that in 1984, and wheat in 2001 was 25.7% of that in 1982. Average impact of fertilizers on grain yield decreased in the order of N>M>P>K. Yield response to N and P fertilizers increased with progression of the experiment. K fertilizer showed no effects on increase of grain yield during the initial 6 years (1982-1987), moderate effects in the next 5 years (1988-1992), and dramatic effects in the last 9 years (1993-2001). The straw yield trend was similar to grain yield. Accumulation and distribution of NO3--N in soil was significantly affected by annual fertilizations. Chemical fertilizers (NP and NPK) caused NO3--N accumulation in most subsoil layers, with major impact in the 20-140 cm depth. The combination of chemical fertilizers and M (MNP and MNPK) reduced soil NO3--N accumulation as compared to chemical fertilizers alone. In conclusion, long-term fertilization significantly improved grain and straw yield in this rotation. The findings suggest that it is important to balance the application of chemical fertilizers and manure in order to protect soil and underground water from potential NO3--N pollution while keeping high productivity in the Oasis agro-ecosystem.

Key words: Long-term fertilization, Zhangye oasis, Crop yields, Accumulation of nitrate N, N balance sheet

[1] YanLing LIU,Yu LI,Yan ZHANG,YaRong ZHANG,XingCheng HUANG,Meng ZHANG,WenAn ZHANG,TaiMing JIANG. Characteristics of Microbial Biomass Phosphorus in Yellow Soil Under Long-Term Application of Phosphorus and Organic Fertilizer [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(6): 1188-1198.
[2] REN JiaXin,LIU Jing,CHEN XuanJing,ZHANG YueQiang,ZHANG Yong,WANG Jie,SHI XiaoJun. Variation of Available Phosphorus in Purple Soil and Its Effects on Crop Yield of Rice-Wheat Rotation Under Long-Term Fertilizations [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(21): 4601-4610.
[3] Kai LIU,Jia LIU,XiaoFen CHEN,WeiTao LI,ChunYu JIANG,Meng WU,JianBo FAN,ZhongPei LI,Ming LIU. Seasonal Variation and Differences of Microbial Biomass Phosphorus in Paddy Soils Under Long-Term Application of Phosphorus Fertilizer [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(7): 1411-1418.
[4] XiaoLei LI,YuJun ZHANG,FengMin SHEN,GuiYing JIANG,Fang LIU,KaiLou LIU,ShiLiang LIU. The Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on the Labile Organic Matter and Carbon Pool Management Index in Different Soil Layers in Red Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1189-1201.
[5] XiuZhi ZHANG,Qiang LI,HongJun GAO,Chang PENG,Ping ZHU,Qiang GAO. Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on the Stability of Black Soil Water Stable Aggregates and the Distribution of Organic Carbon [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1214-1223.
[6] YaLin LI,XuBo ZHANG,FengLing REN,Nan SUN,Meng XU,MingGang XU. A Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Fertilization Impact on Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Across Chinese Cropland [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1224-1233.
[7] WANG Le,CHEN YanHua,ZHANG ShuXiang,MA ChangBao,SUN Nan,LI ChunHua. Evolution of Fluvo-Aquic Soil Productivity Under Long-Term Fertilization and Its Influencing Factors [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(11): 2232-2240.
[8] LI DongChu,WANG BoRen,HUANG Jing,ZHANG YangZhu,XU MingGang,ZHANG ShuXiang,ZHANG HuiMin. Change of Phosphorus in Red Soil and Its Effect to Grain Yield Under Long-Term Different Fertilizations [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(21): 3830-3841.
[9] WANG Qiong,ZHAN XiaoYing,ZHANG ShuXiang,PENG Chang,GAO HongJun,ZHANG XiuZhi,ZHU Ping,GILLES Colinet. Phosphorus Adsorption and Desorption Characteristics and Its Response to Soil Properties of Black Soil Under Long-Term Different Fertilization [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(21): 3866-3877.
[10] SHEN FengMin,JIANG GuiYing,ZHANG YuJun,LIU Fang,LIU ShiLiang,LIU KaiLou. Response of Different Forms of Nitrogen Migration in Typical Red Soil to Long-Term Different Fertilization Systems [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(14): 2468-2483.
[11] WANG HuiYing, XU MingGang, ZHOU BaoKu, MA Xiang, DUAN YingHua. Response and Driving Factors of Bacterial and Fungal Community to Long-Term Fertilization in Black Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(5): 914-925.
[12] GUO Jing,LUO PeiYu,YANG JinFeng,LI DongDong,HUANG YueYue,HAN XiaoRi. Influence of Long-term Fertilization on Community Structures and Colonization of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi in a Brown Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(24): 4677-4689.
[13] Ke WANG, ChunLi XU, YuTing ZHANG, ZhiBin ZHENG, DingYong WANG, XiaoJun SHI. Cd Accumulation and Safety Assessment of Soil-Crop System Induced by Long-Term Different Fertilization [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(18): 3542-3550.
[14] WANG QingFeng, JIANG Xin, MA MingChao, GUAN DaWei, ZHAO BaiSuo, WEI Dan, CAO FengMing, LI Li, LI Jun. Influence of Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community in Mollisols of Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(17): 3315-3324.
[15] CHEN XiaoFen, LIU Ming, JIANG ChunYu, WU Meng, LI ZhongPei. Organic Carbon Mineralization in Aggregate Fractions of Red Paddy Soil Under Different Fertilization Treatments [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(17): 3325-3334.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!