小麦粒重相关性状的QTL定位及分子标记的开发

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.21.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The yield of wheat, the second-highest-yielding food product in the world, has a major impact by grain weight. This research used materials from a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Heshangtou (HST) and Longchun 23 (LC23). Based on 55K SNP genotype data, QTL mapping was performed for traits related to grain weight of wheat, and co-segregation markers of major grain length QTL were developed and verified to provide reference for molecular marker assisted selection breeding.【Method】The wheat 55K SNP microarray was used to genotype parents and RIL populations, and a high density genetic linkage map was constructed, and its correlation with Chinese spring reference genome IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 was analyzed. QTL mapping of traits related to grain weight in multiple environments based on inclusive composite interval mapping method. The analysis of variance of major effect QTLs were performed to judge the additive interaction effect among different QTLs, and to analyse its effect on traits related to grain weight. At the same time, the corresponding kompetitive allele specific PCR marker was developed according to the closely linked SNP loci of major QTL for grain length, and verified in 242 wheat accessions worldwide.【Result】In this study, a high density genetic map of Heshangtou/Longchun 23 RIL population was constructed, with full length 4 543 cM, including 22 linkage groups, covering 21 chromosomes of wheat, and the average genetic distance was 1.7 cM. There was a significant correlation between genetic map and physical map, and the Pearson correlation coefficient were 0.77-0.99 (P<0.001). A total of 51 QTLs related to grain weight were detected, among them, 4 stable major QTLs were found in multi-environments (three or more environments) and distributed on 2D, 5A, 6B and 7D chromosomes. According to the physical interval and functional markers, it is inferred that stable major QTLs Qtkw.nwafu-2D.1 and Qtkw.nwafu-7D are photoperiod gene Ppd-D1 and flowering gene FT-D1, respectively. The analysis of variance shows that there is a significant interaction between them. The favorite alleles polymerization of Qtkw.nwafu-2D.1 and Qtkw.nwafu-7D can significantly increase thousand grain weight and grain width of wheat. In addition, the corresponding KASP molecular detection marker AX-111067709 was developed based on the co-segregated SNP of the major locus Qgl.nwafu-5A for grain length, which was significantly correlated with grain length and grain weight traits in a diversity panel comprising of 242 wheat accessions, and could increase grain length by 3.33% to 4.59% and grain weight 5.70% to 10.35% in different environments (P<0.001).【Conclusion】There are several genetic loci that affect traits linked to grain weight in Heshangtou (HST) and Longchun 23 (LC23), and Qtkw.nwafu-2D.1 and Qtkw.nwafu-7D dramatically increased thousand grain weight and grain width through additive interaction effects. Qgl.nwafu-5A is significantly correlated with grain weight and grain length, and its co-segregated molecular marker AX-11106770 can be used in molecular marker assisted selection breeding.

Key words: wheat, thousand-grain weight, QTL, KASP marker, molecular marker-assisted selection breeding

ZHANG ZeYuan, LI Yue, ZHAO WenSha, GU JingJing, ZHANG AoYan, ZHANG HaiLong, SONG PengBo, WU JianHui, ZHANG ChuanLiang, SONG QuanHao, JIAN JunTao, SUN DaoJie, WANG XingRong. QTL Mapping and Molecular Marker Development of Traits Related to Grain Weight in Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(21): 4137-4149.

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Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Table 3

Partial QTLs of traits related to grain weight"

性状 Trait	QTL	环境 Environment	左侧标记 Left marker	右侧标记 Right marker	物理位置 Physical interval (Mb)	LOD	贡献率 PVE (%)	加性效应¹⁾ Add
千粒重TKW	Qtkw.nwafu-2A	E1\E2	AX-169336957	AX-109601471	94.16—136.56	3.47—7.93	5.22—7.42	1.45—2.12
	Qtkw.nwafu-2D.1	E1\E2\E4\BLUP	AX-111696354	AX-109755068	28.09—47.89	4.33—11.89	7.19—12.92	-2.44—-1.42
	Qtkw.nwafu-2D.2	E4\BLUP	AX-110373068	AX-109710757	148.29—197.50	3.58—4.16	5.69—5.80	-1.75—-1.01
	Qtkw.nwafu-7D	E1\E2\E3\E4\BLUP	AX-110826147	AX-111618969	65.50—75.23	4.63—10.71	7.53—13.26	1.55—2.46
粒长 GL	Qgl.nwafu-2A.1	E2\BLUP	AX-109402024	AX-169336957	86.97—94.16	3.88—6.74	3.74—8.05	0.06—0.09
	Qgl.nwafu-4B	E3\BLUP	AX-110076607	AX-109852046	11.43—12.82	4.03—5.6	6.14—8.06	0.08—0.28
	Qgl.nwafu-5A	E1\E2\E3\BLUP	AX-111067709	AX-110670888	0.65—0.75	3.93—59.43	4.56—17.86	0.09—0.81
	Qgl.nwafu-6B	E2\BLUP	AX-110927266	AX-110464369	135.98—173.59	5.06—7.10	5.10—8.78	-0.10—-0.07
粒宽 GW	Qgw.nwafu-2D.1	E2\E3\BLUP	AX-111096297	AX-109755068	32.97—47.89	4.41—10.14	7.28—12.36	-0.12—-0.04
	Qgw.nwafu-4B	E1\BLUP	AX-110076607	AX-94699353	11.43—19.76	3.93—4.10	5.50—7.91	0.03—0.10
	Qgw.nwafu-5A.1	E3\BLUP	AX-111067709	AX-110670888	0.65—0.75	4.06—5.17	5.97—6.57	0.03—0.12
	Qgw.nwafu-7D.2	E2\E4\BLUP	AX-111843581	AX-111618969	67.45—75.23	4.76—16.00	7.85—20.13	0.05—0.10
籽粒长宽比LWR	Qlwr.nwafu-2A	E3\E4\BLUP	AX-109287352	AX-111258161	613.88—626.08	4.54—7.01	5.41—11.90	0.02—0.05
	Qlwr.nwafu-2D	E1\E2\BLUP	AX-109422526	AX-109755068	35.02—47.89	8.32—12.93	7.68—14.51	0.03—0.06
	Qlwr.nwafu-4A	E1\E2\BLUP	AX-110629864	AX-111561234	72.00—129.02	5.53—9.57	5.75—8.11	-0.04—-0.03
	Qlwr.nwafu-4D	E3\BLUP	AX-110015970	AX-109181699	33.04—35.23	3.30—4.90	2.54—8.16	-0.04—-0.02
	Qlwr.nwafu-6B.2	E1\E2\E3\BLUP	AX-110603992	AX-95659567	455.92—559.34	4.40—9.13	4.87—10.48	-0.04—-0.03
	Qlwr.nwafu-7D	E1\E2\BLUP	AX-109866327	AX-111618969	61.80—75.23	4.12—12.57	4.67—12.16	-0.05—-0.03

Table 3

Fig. 3

Table 4

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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性状 Traits	环境 Environment	亲本Parents		平均值±标准差 Mean ± SD	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	w检验 w-test	P	遗传力 H²
性状 Traits	环境 Environment	和尚头HST	陇春LC23	平均值±标准差 Mean ± SD	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	w检验 w-test	P	遗传力 H²
千粒重 TKW (g)	E1	46.77	39.56**	43.22±6.74	23.85	59.74	0.97	0.24	0.81
	E2	45.81	39.00**	41.64±5.85	24.09	54.73	0.97	0.07
	E3	48.03	39.32**	43.94±5.53	26.32	57.71	0.97	0.07
	E4	47.93	46.82	42.02±6.87	23.36	60.69	0.98	0.75
	BLUP	46.33	41.47**	42.75±4.04	30.53	52.94	0.98	0.32
粒长 GL (mm)	E1	7.26	6.69**	6.99±0.58	4.95	8.92	0.99	0.98	0.58
	E2	6.53	6.10**	6.36±0.28	5.52	7.19	0.98	0.63
	E3	7.47	7.09**	8.03±0.93	5.59	10.29	0.96	0.00
	E4	6.41	6.02**	6.20±0.56	4.38	7.39	0.84	0.00
	BLUP	6.91	6.65 **	6.91±0.24	6.29	7.71	0.98	0.72
粒宽 GW (mm)	E1	3.31	3.07	3.15±0.31	2.10	3.99	0.98	0.63	0.56
	E2	3.01	2.88	2.95±0.15	2.41	3.34	0.96	0.01
	E3	3.64	3.42*	3.79±0.42	2.46	4.87	0.96	0.00
	E4	3.22	3.21	3.01±0.30	1.97	3.53	0.85	0.00
	BLUP	3.27	3.18	3.23±0.11	2.85	3.55	0.97	0.29
籽粒长宽比 LWR	E1	2.19	2.18	2.22±0.15	1.88	2.98	0.96	0.00	0.84
	E2	2.17	2.12*	2.16±0.13	1.89	2.53	0.96	0.00
	E3	2.05	2.07	2.12±0.13	1.77	2.61	0.98	0.52
	E4	1.99	1.88**	2.06±0.14	1.72	2.69	0.97	0.31
	BLUP	2.11	2.08**	2.14±0.09	1.88	2.47	0.98	0.63

染色体 Chromosome	连锁群 Linkage group	遗传长度 Genetic length (cM)	Bin标记数量 No. of Bin	标记数量 No. of marker	Bin标记密度 Bin density (Bin/cM)	最大遗传距离 Max genetic distance (cM)
1A	LG1A	165.15	161	1059	1.03	9.21
1B	LG1B	198.34	153	1388	1.30	14.02
1D	LG1D	133.99	46	377	2.91	19.57
2A	LD2A	211.24	140	937	1.51	15.13
2B	LG2B	237.42	175	1295	1.36	11.76
2D	LG2D	286.16	109	464	2.63	20.80
3A	LG3A	259.25	174	1008	1.49	14.16
3B	LG3B	249.84	165	1331	1.51	15.08
3D	LG3D	251.05	94	638	2.67	18.11
4A	LG4A	209.20	108	641	1.94	11.16
4B	LG4B	122.92	69	256	1.78	13.47
4D	LG4D	180.03	112	442	1.61	18.11
5A	LG5A	247.18	174	816	1.42	22.91
5B	LG5B	247.07	172	760	1.44	10.86
5D	LG5D	305.92	91	293	3.36	17.21
6A	LG6A	183.40	101	727	1.82	17.92
6B	LG6B	160.84	138	953	1.17	17.20
6D	LG6D	215.15	90	713	2.39	31.82
7A	LG7A.1	217.90	148	1104	1.47	10.74
7A	LG7A.2	15.94	19	82	0.84	3.30
7B	LG7B	206.74	151	901	1.37	14.96
7D	LG7D	238.28	82	344	2.91	15.93
A基因组 A genome		1509.26	1025	6374	1.47	22.91
B基因组 B genome		1423.17	1023	6884	1.39	17.20
D基因组 D genome		1610.57	624	3271	2.58	31.82
总计 Total		4543.00	2672	16529	1.70	31.82

源Source	自由度df	千粒重TKW	粒宽GW	粒长GL	籽粒长宽比LWR
Qtkw.nwafu-2D.1 (2D)	1	76.83***	39.88***	3.80	61.42***
Qtkw.nwafu-7D (7D)	1	71.32***	44.50***	1.62	96.21***
环境Environment (E)	4	2.27	195.79***	205.2***	35.32***
2D×7D	1	26.75***	11.51**	0.33	26.98***
2D×E	4	1.74	4.59**	4.21**	1.41
7D×E	4	0.73	0.74	0.06	1.52
2D×7D×E	4	0.817	1.81	1.10	0.86
误差Error	813	30.21	0.08	0.35	0.01

QTL Mapping and Molecular Marker Development of Traits Related to Grain Weight in Wheat

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