糜子资源耐盐性评价与盐胁迫生理响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.011

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To evaluate the tolerance of broomcorn millet cultivars to salt stress, explore the physiological responses of different salt-tolerant broomcorn millet to salt stress, and establish the salt tolerance identification index system of broomcorn millet, the salt tolerance of broomcorn millet was studied. 【Method】 The growth parameters of 100 genotypes of broomcorn millet at germination stage and the physiological parameters of different salt-tolerant broomcorn millet at seedling stage were measured under salt stress. The tolerance of each variety to salt stress was evaluated by correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and physiological responses to salt stress. 【Result】 the results showed that the measured values of each shoot in the germination stage under 1% NaCl solution stress were lower than that of the control. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation in the different germination indexes, and there was a significant negative correlation with the relative salt damage rate. The principal component analysis results showed root fresh weight, germination index and germination rate were the larger load in germination factors and these indexes were considered as the main indexes to identify salt tolerance of broomcorn millet germination. The 100 broomcorn millet cultivars were sorted four groups according to the cluster analysis. The cluster analysis results showed eleven cultivars such as Yixuandahongmi, Wujushu, Baishu etc. were classified into salt-tolerant cultivar group, four cultivars including Humengheinianmi, Xiaoheishu, Linheshuanglishu, and Shaan78 were classified into salt sensitive group. There were great differences between salt tolerant cultivars and salt sensitive cultivars in morphological structure and physiological indexes. The scanning electron microscope results showed salt bladders appeared on the surface of salt-tolerant cultivars, the stomatal aperture size was barely changed. The salt-sensitive cultivar showed the stomata were closed in salt-sensitive broomcorn millet cultivar, and the surface of the leaf become rough, and the guard cells death occurred. With the increase of treatment time, the salt tolerant cultivar chloroplast changed from ellipsoid to spherical and starch granules increase, membrane disrupted, grana lamella arranged loosely, the thylakoids swollen and even disintegrate. With the days of salt stress increasing, the relative conductivity were increased. However, the relative conductivity in salt-tolerant broomcorn millet cultivar were lower than salt-sensitive broomcorn millet cultivar. The decreasing of Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ) and NPQ in salt-tolerant broomcorn millet cultivar were less than salt-sensitive broomcorn millet cultivar. 【Conclusion】 1% NaCl solution could be used as the suitable concentration of salt tolerance in broomcorn millet. The results showed that salt tolerance evaluation of broomcorn millet was affected with multiple indexes, and root fresh weight, germination index and germination rate could be used as the evaluation indexes of salt tolerance in germination stage. Stomatal state and chloroplast structures could be used as the cytology indexes of salt tolerance evaluation. The relative conductivity and chlorophyll fluorescence coefficient could be used as the physiology indexes of salt tolerance evaluation.

Key words: broomcorn millet, NaCl stress, salt tolerance screening, physiological response

YUAN YuHao, YANG QingHua, DANG Ke, YANG Pu, GAO JinFeng, GAO XiaoLi, WANG PengKe, LU Ping, LIU MinXuan, FENG BaiLi. Salt-Tolerance Evaluation and Physiological Response of Salt Stress of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(22): 4066-4078.

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References 49

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指标 Index	发芽势 GE	发芽率 GP	发芽指数 GI	芽长 SL	根长 RL	芽鲜重 SFW	根鲜重 RFW	活力指数 VI	盐害率 SDR
发芽势GE	1
发芽率GP	0.625**	1
发芽指数GI	0.748**	0.910**	1
芽长SL	0.310**	0.308**	0.427**	1
根长RL	0.029	0.143	0.150	0.377**	1
芽鲜重SFW	0.125	0.223*	0.213*	0.331**	0.117	1
根鲜重RFW	0.198*	0.275**	0.319**	0.464**	0.564**	0.360**	1
活力指数VI	0.290**	0.387**	0.445**	0.491**	0.543**	0.369**	0.982**	1
盐害率SDR	-0.759**	-0.916**	-0.996**	-0.411**	-0.144	-0.202*	-0.303**	-0.425**	1

主成分Principal component	特征值Eigen value	贡献率Contribution (%)	累计贡献率Cumulative contribution (%)
Ⅰ	4.399	49.980	49.980
Ⅱ	2.068	22.310	72.290
Ⅲ	1.030	9.900	82.190

主成分Principal component	相对发芽势 Relative germination energy	相对发芽率 Relative germination percentage	相对发芽指数Relative germination index	相对芽长Relative sprout length	相对根长Relative root length	相对芽鲜重 Relative shoot fresh weight	相对根鲜重Relative root fresh weigh	相对活力指数Relative vitality index	相对盐害率Relative salt damage rate
Ⅰ	0.704	0.824	0.893	0.626	0.419	0.405	0.666	0.753	-0.886
Ⅱ	-0.455	-0.413	-0.410	0.282	0.612	0.283	0.657	0.559	0.430
Ⅲ	-0.040	-0.030	-0.045	0.132	-0.413	0.827	-0.074	-0.073	0.052

主成分 Principal component	发芽势 GE	发芽率 GP	发芽指数 GI	芽长 SL	根长 RL	芽鲜重 SFW	根鲜重 RFW	活力指数 VI	盐害率 SDR
Ⅰ	0.157	0.183	0.198	0.139	0.093	0.090	0.148	0.167	-0.197
Ⅱ	-0.226	-0.205	-0.204	0.140	0.305	0.141	0.327	0.278	0.214
Ⅲ	-0.045	-0.034	-0.051	0.148	-0.464	0.929	-0.083	-0.082	0.059

编号Code	品种资源Germplasm	来源Source	F值F-value	排序Order
18	伊选大红糜 Yixuandahongmi	中国内蒙古Inner Mongolia, China	269.72	1
27	污咀黍 Wujushu	中国山西Shanxi, China	268.97	2
33	白黍 Baishu	中国山西Shanxi, China	264.54	3
45	竹叶青黄硬糜 Zhuyeqinghuangyingmi	中国甘肃Gansu, China	221.35	4
41	小黄糜子 Xiaohuangmizi	中国宁夏Ningxia, China	205.25	5
69	太原1036 Taiyuan 1036	中国黑龙江Heilongjiang, China	196.97	6
17	达旗青糜子 Daqiqingmizi	中国内蒙古Inner Mongolia, China	174.28	7
93	宁糜8号 Ningmi 8	中国宁夏Ningxia, China	165.39	8
6	蚂蚱眼 Mazhayan	中国辽宁Liaoning, China	157.45	9
86	外引黍8号 Waiyinshu 8	美国America	154.87	10
46	大黄粘糜子 Dahuangnianmizi	中国甘肃Gansu, China	146.75	11

Salt-Tolerance Evaluation and Physiological Response of Salt Stress of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

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