不同水分管理下全田土下微膜覆盖的冬小麦耗水特性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.23.005

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】In the light of the actual conflict between severe deficiency of water resource and more water consumption of winter wheat production in Haihe Plain, a field experiment was conducted to study the water consumption characteristics of winter wheat planted with soil-coated ultrathin plastic film mulched under different water managements, and the objective of this study was to search out a new water saving method for winter wheat production.【Method】The test lasted for three winter wheat growing years in two sites, and a field experiment was adopted with a conventional wheat planting method as a control.【Result】Under soil-coated ultrathin plastic film mulching, the field water consumption of winter wheat was significantly decreased by 116.1-167.9 mm in a whole growing season, and the soil water consumption accounted for 55.5%-77.9% of the total. With plastic film mulching, the water consumption before wheat recovery was reduced significantly so that the water consumption percentage from jointing to harvest was increased. Under soil-coated plastic film mulching condition, the water intake depth in soil body was 40 cm shallower than that under bare field, the 2 m-deep soil layer could supply 212.2-240.3 mm water for wheat in the whole growing season. As one-time 75 mm irrigation in spring was practised, the winter wheat uptook the water from 0-140 cm soil layer, which was 40 cm deeper than the control that was irrigated with the total 225 mm water for three times, soil water consumption was decreased significantly in 2 m-deep layer as the one-time 75 mm irrigation delayed. Under soil-coated ultrathin plastic film mulching condition, the rain-fed wheat after sowing achieved a yield more than 7 500 kg•hm-2 with a 284.3 mm filed water consumption, the wheat irrigated with over 60 mm water before sowing or 75 mm water at heading stage could achieve an equivalent yield to the control, and the water use efficiency was increased by more than 40% compared with the control, the net water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency were the best among all the treatments.【Conclusion】Soil-coated plastic film mulching and rain fed or with little irrigation timely is a new way for winter wheat production as it can considerably decrease water consumption and relieve the intense conflict between water resource supply and requirement in Haihe Plain.

Key words: ultrathin soil-coated plastic-film mulching , water management , winter wheat , water consumption characteristics , Haihe Plain

LI Meng-Zhe-1, ZHANG Wei-Hong-2, ZHANG Yong-Sheng-1, DANG Hong-Kai-3, WANG Lei-1, HE Li-Qian-1, LI Ke-Jiang-3, LI Yan-Ming-1, DU Xiong-1. Water Consumption Characteristics of Winter Wheat with Soil-Coated Ultrathin Plastic-Film Mulching Under Different Water Managements[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(23): 4893-4904.

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Water Consumption Characteristics of Winter Wheat with Soil-Coated Ultrathin Plastic-Film Mulching Under Different Water Managements

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