Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1127-1134.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.06.010

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Influence of Calcium on Fruit Cracking of Jincheng Orange and Its Physiological Mechanism

 WEN  Ming-Xia, SHI  Xiao-Jun   

  1. 1.西南大学资源环境学院，重庆 400716
    2.浙江省柑桔研究所，浙江台州 318020
  • Received:2011-06-20 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2011-10-09

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The main purpose of this paper was to study the effect of mineral nutrition and enzyme activities on fruit cracking of Jincheng orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck), and propose comprehensive prevention measures. 【Method】 Fruit cracking rate of Beibei 447 Jincheng orange was investigated to research the differences of N, P, K, Ca concentrations and enzyme activities in leaves, peel and pulp between cracked fruits and normal ones. The effects of calcium on pectin, malonaldehyde (MDA) and enzymes related to hydrolysis and reactive oxygen species clearing and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of citrus peel were studied by spraying calcium nitrate before blossom and young fruit period of Beibei 447 Jincheng orange. 【Result】 The concentrations of Ca in leaves, peel and pulp of normal fruits were higher than those of cracked ones. Fruit cracking rate was negatively correlated to Ca concentration in citrus peel significantly. The activities of PPO, polygalacturonase ( PG ) and cellulase (CX) of cracked fruits were higher than those of normal ones, but those of catalase (CAT) were lower. Fruit cracking rate was positively correlated to PPO and negatively correlated to CAT and the concentration of protopectin (PP) significantly. The concentration of MDA, the activities     of PPO, PG, CX of citrus peel at fruit rapid-expanding stages decreased by spraying calcium while the activities of       superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT and the concentration of protopectin (PP) increased significantly. 【Conclusion】 Low concentration of Ca in citrus peel resulted in increase of activities of enzymes (PPO, PG and CX) in cell-wall metabolism. The low protopectin concentration that might maintain intensity and extensibility of citrus peel was the main cause for fruit cracking. Spraying calcium on citrus trees decreased fruit cracking rate and could be regarded as an important measure to prevent fruit cracking of Jincheng orange.

Key words: Jincheng orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck), fruit cracking, calcuim, pectin, enzymes in peel cell

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