基于热红外图像的小麦品种抗旱性鉴定与评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.13.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析不同基因型小麦冠层的温度参数相关信息,探寻快速高效筛选冬小麦抗旱品种的指标和方法,给冬小麦抗旱品种筛选提供参考依据。【方法】本研究以小麦为研究对象,获取干旱胁迫下10个抗旱性存在差异的小麦品种冠层热红外图像,采用温度频率直方图等分析方法提取冠层温度特征参数,明确温度特征参数与抗旱指数之间定量关系,分析冠层温度特征参数对筛选冬小麦抗旱品种的有效性。【结果】基于产量抗旱指数（DRI）的分级标准将测定小麦品种分为4种抗旱类别,其抗旱性越强,最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）,植株含水量（PWC）,气孔导度（G_s）,蒸腾速率（T_r）和籽粒产量越稳定。基于热红外图像提取冠层温度特征参数,小麦抗旱性越强,冠层温度的差异性越小,冠层温度的离散程度也较小。产量抗旱指数（DRI）与拔节期、孕穗期和开花期的作物冠层温度与环境温度的偏差（CTD）均呈现极显著的正相关关系,相关系数r为0.79—0.84,而与冠层温度标准差（CTSD）、变异系数(CTCV)、水分胁迫指数（CWSI）和冠层相对温差（CRTD）呈显著负相关（r=-0.56—-0.78）。基于单一生育时期冠层温度特征参数建立了产量抗旱指数（DRI）回归模型,估算精度为r²=0.73—0.87,其中以拔节期预测模型精度最高。而基于3个生育时期的相关冠层温度参数CTD、CTCV、CTSD CWSI组合构建产量抗旱指数（DRI）预测模型,较基于单一生育时期预测精度显著提升（r²=0.95）。【结论】利用热红外图像可进行小麦品种抗旱性的早期鉴定与快速评价,这对促进作物高效节水生产具有重要意义。

关键词: 冬小麦, 干旱胁迫, 热红外图像, 抗旱指数, 品种鉴定

Abstract:

【Objective】The information related to the temperature parameters of different genotypes of wheat canopy were analyzed to explore the indicators and methods for rapid and efficient screening of drought-resistant varieties of winter wheat, so as to provide a reference basis for the screening of drought-resistant varieties of winter wheat.【Method】In this study, the canopy thermal infrared images of 10 wheat varieties with different drought resistance under drought stress were obtained and extracted canopy temperature characteristic parameters by using temperature frequency histogram and other analysis methods, and the quantitative relationship between temperature characteristic parameters and drought resistance index were clarified, and then the effectiveness of canopy temperature characteristic parameters on screening drought-resistant varieties of winter wheat were analyzed.【Result】The grading criteria based on the yield drought resistance index (DRI) classified the measured wheat varieties into four drought resistance categories. The stronger the drought resistance, the more stable the maximum photosynthetic efficiency (F_v/F_m), plant water content (PWC), stomatal conductance (G_s), transpiration rate (T_r), and seed yield. The characteristic parameters of canopy temperature based on thermal infrared images were extracted, indicating the stronger the drought resistance of wheat, the smaller variability in canopy temperature and the less dispersion in canopy temperature. The yield DRI showed highly significant positive correlation with the deviation between crop canopy temperature and ambient temperature (CTD) at the jointing, booting and flowering stages with the correlation coefficient r=0.79-0.84, while the standard deviation of canopy temperature (CTSD), coefficient of variation (CTCV), water stress index (CWSI) and relative canopy temperature difference (CRTD) were significantly negatively correlated (r=-0.56- -0.78). The regression model of yield DRI was built based on canopy temperature characteristic parameters of a single growth period, and the estimation accuracy was r²=0.73-0.87, with the highest accuracy of the prediction model at the jointing stage. And the prediction model of yield DRI was constructed based on the combination of relevant canopy temperature parameters CTD, CTCV, and CTSD CWSI of three growth periods, and the accuracy of prediction was significantly higher (r²=0.95) than that based on a single growth period.【Conclusion】 Thermal infrared images can be used for early identification and rapid evaluation of drought resistance of wheat varieties, which is of great significance for promoting efficient and water-saving crop production.

Key words: winter wheat, drought stress, thermal infrared image, drought resistance index, variety identification

孟雨,温鹏飞,丁志强,田文仲,张学品,贺利,段剑钊,刘万代,冯伟. 基于热红外图像的小麦品种抗旱性鉴定与评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(13): 2538-2551.

MENG Yu,WEN PengFei,DING ZhiQiang,TIAN WenZhong,ZHANG XuePin,HE Li,DUAN JianZhao,LIU WanDai,FENG Wei. Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Wheat Varieties Based on Thermal Infrared Image[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(13): 2538-2551.

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抗旱性级别 Drought resistance rank	抗旱指数 Drought resistance index	抗旱性评价标准 Drought resistance evaluation standard
1	≥1.30	极强 HR
2	1.10—1.29	强 R
3	0.90—1.09	中等 MR
4	0.70—0.89	弱 S
5	≤0.69	极弱 HS

代号 Number	品种名称 Cultivar	产量Grain yield（kg·hm^-2）		抗旱指数 Drought index	抗旱评价 Drought evaluation
代号 Number	品种名称 Cultivar	棚内 Output in dry land	棚外 Output in wet land	抗旱指数 Drought index	抗旱评价 Drought evaluation
1	洛旱19 Luohan 19	4816.98b	8610.52c	1.06	中等MR
2	洛旱22 Luohan 22	5026.80a	8713.45bc	1.14	强R
3	洛麦26 Luomai 26	4584.04c	9378.24a	0.88	弱S
4	中麦175 Zhongmai 175	4350.88d	9050.06b	0.82	弱S
5	百农207 Bainong 207	4299.84d	8144.90d	0.89	弱S
6	豫农516 Yunong516	4551.87c	8838.05b	0.92	中等MR
7	中麦895 Zhongmai 895	3873.35e	8831.18b	0.67	极弱HS
8	安农0711 Annong 0711	4390.08d	8953.79b	0.85	弱S
9	华成3366 Huacheng 3366	3915.60e	8679.40bc	0.69	极弱HS
10	晋麦47 Jinmai 47	4587.77c	8269.14d	1.00	中等MR

时期 Time	抗旱性评价 Drought evaluation	CETR	CTEP	CTSD	CTCV	CTD	CWSI	CRTD
拔节期 Jointing stage	强R	14.90-19.17	6.58	0.480	0.03	5.14	0.4	0.138
	中等MR	14.71-23.42	7.99-9.28	0.934-1.102	0.048-0.054	3.42-4.87	0.41-0.44	0.158-0.174
	弱S	14.98-23.51	9.62-10.00	1.036-1.273	0.053-0.065	2.22-3.00	0.45-0.47	0.164-0.210
	极弱HS	15.15-23.60	11.37-11.62	1.105-1.227	0.068-0.071	1.81-2.69	0.46-0.50	0.198-0.214
孕穗期 Booting stage	强R	21.93-26.28	7.63	0.660	0.028	-0.32	0.44	0.076
	中等MR	21.72-28.73	8.43-9.33	0.728-0.850	0.031-0.034	-0.66--1.13	0.46-0.48	0.086-0.096
	弱S	22.14-28.36	9.91-10.52	0.807-0.880	0.033-0.040	-1.42--1.88	0.48-0.50	0.101-0.112
	极弱HS	21.45-29.77	11.06-11.79	0.952-1.164	0.039-0.045	-1.65--2.38	0.51-0.54	0.119-0.153
开花期 Anthesis stage	强R	21.01-27.67	11.58	1.108	0.041	-4.17	0.47	0.105
	中等MR	24.92-35.29	12.21-14.29	1.298-1.601	0.043-0.051	-4.30--5.16	0.49-0.51	0.108-0.116
	弱S	25.42-36.19	13.52-14.95	1.270-1.812	0.047-0.056	-5.56--6.47	0.53-0.54	0.120-0.136
	极弱HS	25.90-38.48	15.14-18.82	1.824-1.963	0.054-0.060	-6.87--7.78	0.59-0.60	0.149-0.159

响应变异 Response variable	步骤 Step	拔节期 Jointing stage		孕穗期 Booting stage		开花期 Anthesis stage
响应变异 Response variable	步骤 Step	入选变量 Variable entered	精度 R²	入选变量 Variable entered	精度 R²	入选变量 Variable entered	精度 R²
抗旱指数DRI	S₁	CTD	0.706	CTD	0.624	CTD	0.672
	S₂	CTCV	0.837	CTCV	0.734	CWSI	0.768
	S₃	CWSI	0.872	—	—	—	—

响应变异 Response variable	步骤 Step	生育期 Growth stage	入选变量 Variable entered	估算精度 Estimation R²
抗旱指数 DRI	S₁	拔节 Jointing stage	CTD	0.706
	S₂	孕穗 Booting stage	CTCV	0.836
	S₃	开花 Anthesis stage	CWSI	0.902
	S₄	拔节 Jointing stage	CTSD	0.948