谷瘟病菌生理小种鉴别及谷子标准品种体系的构建

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.17.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】谷瘟病是谷子生产中的重要病害，确定谷瘟病菌不同生理小种对谷子抗病资源鉴定、抗病品种培育和生产上不同抗病品种的合理配置有重要意义。构建谷瘟病小种鉴别的谷子品种体系，为鉴别不同谷瘟病生理小种奠定基础。【方法】用采集自不同谷子产区的10份谷瘟病菌对苗期谷子核心种质资源的60份代表品种进行接种鉴定，分别对不同菌株进行致病性和谷子品种抗、感敏感性判定，按照谷子谷瘟病0—9级法划分标准进行划分，将不同的抗性结果分别记录为高抗、抗病、中抗、感病和高感5个抗病水平，其中，高抗、抗病和中抗记作0，感病和高感记作1，将抗感性结果转化为0/1数据，用NTSYS软件构建进化树，根据品种的抗感性分类，选择最少的品种数量构建谷瘟病小种鉴定的标准品种体系。【结果】根据谷子资源对接种病菌的抗感反应差异，用NTSYS软件开展谷瘟病菌致病性聚类分析，以相似系数0.70为界，将10个谷瘟病菌株分为3类，将供试品种对10个谷瘟病菌株的抗感反应数据同样用NTSYS软件进行聚类分析，以相似系数0.65为界，将谷子品种资源划分为5类，并筛选出单皮粘、金屏谷子、锦谷5号、大毛毛谷、龙爪谷、假金苗和牛头谷等7个品种作为谷瘟病小种鉴别品种体系。同时筛选出黄棒头、齐头黄、单皮粘、白谷、维子那谷和郑谷4号等6个抗广谱菌株的品种，可以作为谷子抗病育种的抗性基因来源。【结论】建立了一套谷瘟病生理小种鉴别的品种体系，并为谷子抗谷瘟病育种筛选出多份广谱抗性基础材料。

关键词: 谷子, 谷瘟病, 核心种质资源, 生理小种, 抗病性

Abstract: 【Objective】Foxtail millet blast (Pyricularia setariae Nisikado) is an important disease, which could cause reduced production and quality of foxtail millet, and the identification of different millet blast physiological races are very important for evaluating the resistant resources, breeding of resistant varieties and reasonable allocation of different resistant varieties for cultivation. The goal of this study is to determine standard varieties for the identification of physiological races of millet blast fungus, which would establish a basis for the evaluation of resistance of foxtail millet to different blast races. 【Method】 Sixty foxtail millet varieties collected from different geographical regions in China were inoculated using ten foxtail millet blast isolates sampled from different eco-regions. Statistical results of the sensitive reaction of 60 foxtail millet varieties to 10 blast isolates were recorded into excel format according to 0-9 grade standards of millet blast. The different resistant results were recorded as high resistance, resistance, middle resistance, sensitivity and high sensitivity. The high resistance, resistance, middle resistance were denoted with 0, and the sensitivity and high sensitivity were denoted with 1. The results were changed to 0/1 to construct the phylogenetic tree by NTSYS. Based on the resistant and infected results of sixty varieties to ten blast isolates, the standard identification system of foxtail millet blast were constructed. 【Result】Clustering analysis based on the pathogenicity of ten blast isolates and resistance of sixty varieties was conducted, respectively. The foxtail millet blast isolates were grouped into three clusters by similarity coefficient 0.70 as boundary, and foxtail millet varieties were divided into five categories by similarity coefficient 0.65 as boundary. Seven varieties, including Danpinian, Jinpingguzi, Jingu5, Damaomaogu, Longzhuagu, Jiajinmiao and Niutougu, were applied as standard identification varieties. The resistant varieties, Huangbangtou, Qitouhuang, Danpinian, Baigu, Weizinagu, and Zhenggu4 with broad spectrum resistance were screened, which could be used as the resources of resistant gene in foxtail millet blast disease breeding. 【Conclusion】This study screened a set of standard varieties for foxtail millet blast fungus identification, and identified several genetic stocks with broad-spectrum resistance to foxtail millet breeding.

Key words: foxtail millet, Pyricularia setariae, core germplasm, physiological race, disease resistance

李志江，贾冠清，李祥羽，李易初，马金丰，智慧，汤沙，张硕，柴杨，李艳东，刁现民. 谷瘟病菌生理小种鉴别及谷子标准品种体系的构建[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(17): 3308-3318.

LI Zhi-jiang, JIA Guan-qing, LI Xiang-yu, LI Yi-chu, MA Jin-feng, ZHI Hui, TANG Sha, ZHANG Shuo, CHAI Yang, LI Yan-dong, DIAO Xian-min. Determination of Standard Varieties for Identifying Physiological Races of Foxtail Millet Blast Fungus[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(17): 3308-3318.

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