中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (15): 2883-2898.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.15.002

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

谷子生育期及穗相关性状的QTL定位

郭淑青1(),宋慧2(),柴少华1,郭岩1,石兴1,杜丽红2,邢璐2,解慧芳2,张扬2,李龙2,冯佰利1,刘金荣2(),杨璞1,*()   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌 712100
    2安阳市农业科学院谷子研究所,河南安阳 455000
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-30 接受日期:2022-03-09 出版日期:2022-08-01 发布日期:2022-08-02
  • 通讯作者: 刘金荣,杨璞
  • 作者简介:郭淑青,E-mail: gsq055069@nwafu.edu.cn。|宋慧,E-mail: 837181622@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1000700);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1000702);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000800);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000803);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-A26);陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系(NYKJ-2018-YL19)

QTL Analysis for Growth Period and Panicle-Related Traits in Foxtail Millet

GUO ShuQing1(),SONG Hui2(),CHAI ShaoHua1,GUO Yan1,SHI Xing1,DU LiHong2,XING Lu2,XIE HuiFang2,ZHANG Yang2,LI Long2,FENG BaiLi1,LIU JinRong2(),YANG Pu1,*()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
    2Institute of Millet Crops, Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan
  • Received:2022-01-30 Accepted:2022-03-09 Online:2022-08-01 Published:2022-08-02
  • Contact: JinRong LIU,Pu YANG

摘要:

【目的】谷子生育期及穗部性状是影响谷子品种适应性及产量的关键因素。通过对相关性状进行QTL定位分析,为探明谷子复杂产量性状的分子遗传机制奠定基础。【方法】以优良品种豫谷18和冀谷19为亲本构建的包含400个家系的RIL群体为试验材料,于2018—2019年分别在4个不同环境下调查谷子抽穗期、抽穗-成熟天数、全生育期及穗长、穗粗和单穗重等穗相关性状的表型值。同时,利用已构建的由1 304个bin标记组成的全长为2 196 cM,标记间平均距离为1.68 cM的高密度遗传连锁图谱。采用复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping,CIM)对生育期及穗部性状进行QTL定位分析,并对所获得的QTL置信区间进行候选基因的预测。【结果】重组自交系群体生育期及穗部性状在4个环境中均表现为连续分布且存在双向超亲分离现象,符合数量性状的遗传特征,适宜进行QTL分析。相关分析表明,谷子抽穗期与全生育期呈极显著正相关,与抽穗-成熟天数呈显著负相关,穗长与穗粗呈显著正相关。共检测到88个与谷子生育期及穗部性状相关的QTL,分布在第1、3、5、6、8和9染色体上。其中45个QTL与抽穗期相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的1.61%—27.60%;7个QTL与抽穗-成熟天数相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的2.65%—12.14%;20个QTL与全生育期相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的1.98%—16.97%;9个QTL与穗长相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的3.51%—11.65%;5个QTL与穗粗相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的3.74%—8.34%;2个QTL与单穗重相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的5.16%—5.20%。本研究共检测到12个主效QTL,其中,qEHD-9-1qEHD-9-2qHMD-9-2qGRP-9-2qPL-5-1在至少2个环境和BLUP值中被重复检测到。控制生育期的主效QTL(qEHD-9-1qHMD-9-1qGRP-9-1)与控制穗长的主效QTL(qPL-9-1)在第9染色体重叠;qEHD-9-2qHMD-9-3qGRP-9-2qPL-9-3也在第9染色体重叠;控制穗长的主效QTL(qPL-5-1)和控制穗粗的QTL(qPD-5-1)在第5染色体重叠。对3个QTL簇的置信区间进行基因注释,筛选出5个与生育期及穗部性状相关的候选基因,其中,2个候选基因在谷子生育期调控和穗部性状发育中均发挥重要作用。【结论】共检测到88个与谷子生育期及穗部性状相关的QTL,12个为主效QTL,其中5个主效QTL在多个环境被重复检测到,且成簇分布。基于基因注释,共筛选了5个与谷子生育期和穗部性状相关的候选基因。

关键词: 谷子, RIL, 生育期, 穗部性状, QTL

Abstract:

【Objective】Growth period and panicle-related traits are the main factors affecting foxtail millet yield and adaptability. To analyze the molecular genetic mechanisms of the growth period and panicle-related traits, it is necessary to map the related genes. 【Method】A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of foxtail millet consisting of 400 lines derived from a cross between the elite varieties, Yugu18 and Jigu19, were used in this study. Phenotype surveys were carried out across four independent environments in 2018—2019 to study the days from emergence to heading and heading to maturity, the growth period, panicle length, panicle diameter, and single panicle weight. Based on a high-density genetic map that spanned 2 196 cM of the foxtail millet genome with an average of 1.68 cM/bin, composed of 1 304 bin markers, QTL for growth period and panicle-related traits were mapped using composite interval mapping (CIM), and the candidate genes of the confidence interval were predicted. 【Result】The growth period and panicle-related traits of RIL population exhibited continuous distribution with apparent transgressive segregation in the 4 environments, which accorded with the genetic characteristics of typical quantitative traits and were suitable for QTL genetic analysis. Correlation analysis showed that the days from emergence to heading were significantly positively correlated with the growth period, and negatively correlated with those heading to maturity. A positive correlation between panicle length and diameter was also observed. A total of 88 QTL for the growth period and panicle-related traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9, respectively. Among them, 45 QTL were significantly associated with the days from emergence to heading and explained 1.61%-27.60% of the phenotypic variance; seven QTL were significantly associated with the days from heading to maturity and explained 2.65%-12.14% of the phenotypic variance; 20 QTL were significantly associated with the growth period and explained 1.98%-16.97% of the phenotypic variance; nine QTL was significantly associated with the panicle length and explained 3.51%-11.65% of the phenotypic variance; five QTL were significantly associated with the panicle diameter and explained 3.74%-8.34% of the phenotypic variance; two QTL was significantly associated with the single panicle weight and explained 5.16%-5.20% of the phenotypic variance. A total of 12 major QTL were detected in this study, of which five major QTL, including qEHD-9-1, qEHD-9-2, qHMD-9-2, qGRP-9-2 and qPL-5-1, were repeatedly detected in at least two environments and BLUP value. The genomic regions of qEHD-9-1, qHMD-9-1, qGRP-9-1 and qPL-9-1 overlapped on chromosome 9, the genomic regions of qEHD-9-2, qHMD-9-3, qGRP-9-2 and qPL-9-3 overlapped on chromosome 9, and the genomic regions of qPL-5-1 overlapped with qPD-5-1 on chromosome 5. Five candidate genes related to the growth period and panicle-related traits were identified from the confidence interval of the 3 QTL clusters, of which two candidate genes played an important role both in the growth period and panicle-related traits.【Conclusion】A total of 88 QTL for the growth period and panicle-related traits were detected, and 12 were major QTL, of which 5 major QTL were repeatedly detected in multiple environments by clustering distribution. Five candidate genes related to the growth period and panicle-related traits were identified via gene annotation.

Key words: foxtail millet, RIL, growth period, panicle-related traits, QTL