不同品种谷子愈伤组织对拿捕净胁迫的生理响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究除草剂拿捕净胁迫对不同抗性谷子品种愈伤组织生理特性的影响,分析不同品种谷子对拿扑净胁迫的生理响应差异,从细胞水平探讨谷子抗除草剂的生理机理,为深入了解谷子除草剂抗性机制和品种改良提供理论参考。【方法】采用植物组织培养法,以敏感品种晋谷21和抗拿捕净品种豫谷35、冀谷42愈伤组织为试验材料,以不同浓度拿捕净附加入培养基中进行胁迫处理后,分别测定3种谷子愈伤组织丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、膜透性（membrane permeability,MP）、超氧阴离子（superoxide anion,O₂ ^-）、脯氨酸（proline,Pro）、可溶性蛋白（soluble protein,SP）、可溶性糖（soluble sugar,SS）含量,超氧化歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、过氧化物酶（peroxidase,POD）和过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）活性,分析比较拿捕净胁迫下3个谷子品种间生理响应机理的差异。【结果】提高拿捕净胁迫浓度对3个品种谷子愈伤组织的生长影响不同,且对晋谷21的影响要明显大于豫谷35和冀谷42。不同浓度拿捕净胁迫对3个品种谷子愈伤组织各项生理生化指标均有显著影响,但影响趋势和程度也不同。随拿捕净处理浓度提高,尤其在较高浓度时,豫谷35和冀谷42愈伤组织MDA含量、细胞膜相对透性和O₂ ^-含量显著低于晋谷21号,而SOD、POD活性则显著高于晋谷21。SP、SS、Pro含量则在不断变化。相关分析结果显示,不同品种拿捕净抗性与膜脂过氧化伤害物质（MDA和O₂ ^-）含量呈负相关,与部分渗透调节物质和保护酶活性呈正相关。【结论】在拿捕净胁迫下,3个品种谷子愈伤组织所测定的相关生理生化指标变化趋势不尽相同,响应差异较大。细胞保护酶系及渗透调节物质参与了除草剂抗性的调节,且其变化趋势在2个抗性品种之间也不完全相同,因此,谷子除草剂抗性是多方面综合防御的结果。

关键词: 谷子, 愈伤组织, 拿捕净胁迫, 生理指标, 响应机理

Abstract:

【Objective】One aims of this study were to study the effects of sethoxydim stress on the physiological characteristics of millet callus of different herbicide-resistance varieties. The other aims were to analyze the physiological response of millet different varieties under sethoxydim stress and to explore the physiological mechanism of millet herbicide resistance at the cellular level, thus providing a theoretical reference for the studies of millet herbicide-resistance and its improvement. 【Method】 The sethoxydim sensitive variety Jingu 21 and the resistant variety Yugu 35, Jigu 42 were used as experimental materials in this study. Different concentrations of Sethoxydim were added to the culture medium for stress treatment, and no sethoxydim was added as control (CK). The physiological response mechanism between three millet varieties under sethoxydim stress were analyzed. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), membrane permeability, superoxide anion (O₂ ^-), proline (Pro), soluble protein (SP), soluble sugar(SS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in millet callus were determined. 【Result】 Increasing sethoxydim stress concentration had different effects on callus growth of three millet varieties, and the effect on Jingu 21 was greater than Yugu 35 and Jigu 42. The physiological indices of the callus of three millet varieties were significantly effected by sethoxydim stress, but the trend and degree of influence were different. The MDA content, relative permeability of cell membrane and O₂ ^- content in callus of Yugu 35 and Jigu 42 were significantly lower than those of Jingu 21, while SOD and POD activities were significantly higher than those of Jingu 21 at higher concentrations. The contents of SP, SS and Pro are constantly changing. 【Conclusion】 Under sethoxydim stress, the variation trend of relative physiological and biochemical indexes of three millet cultivars were significantly different and the differences in response showed that the cell protective enzyme system and osmotic adjustment substance were involved in the regulation of herbicide resistance. There was different trend between the two resistant varieties, indicating that the herbicide-resistance of millet callus showed comprehensively defense mechanism on physiological and biochemical traits.

Key words: millet, callus, sethoxydim stress, physiological index, response mechanism

赵娟,尹艺臻,王晓璐,马春英,尹美强,温银元,宋喜娥,董淑琦,杨雪芳,原向阳. 不同品种谷子愈伤组织对拿捕净胁迫的生理响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(5): 917-928.

ZHAO Juan,YIN YiZhen,WANG XiaoLu,MA ChunYing,YIN MeiQiang,WEN YinYuan,SONG XiE,DONG ShuQi,YANG XueFang,YUAN XiangYang. Physiological Response of Millet Callus with Different Herbicide-Resistance to Sethoxydim Stress[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(5): 917-928.

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指标 Index	过氧化氢酶 CAT	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧岐化酶 SOD	超氧阴离子 O₂^-	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	膜透性 MP	脯氨酸 Pro
过氧化氢酶CAT	1
丙二醛MDA	.0846**	1
过氧化物酶POD	-0.067	0.307	1
超氧岐化酶SOD	-0.809**	-0.613*	0.203	1
超氧阴离子O₂^-	0.884**	0.835**	-0.152	-0.655**	1
可溶性蛋白SP	0.346	0.223	0.472	-0.244	-0.018	1
可溶性糖SS	-0.755**	-0.471	0.241	0.775**	-0.549*	-0.486	1
膜透性MP	0.852**	0.675**	0.021	-0.837**	0.651**	0.491	-0.733**	1
脯氨酸Pro	0.849**	0.844**	0.067	-0.628*	0.768**	0.268	-0.601*	0.687**	1

指标 Index	过氧化氢酶 CAT	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧岐化酶 SOD	超氧阴离子 O₂^-	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	膜透性 MP	脯氨酸 Pro
过氧化氢酶CAT	1
丙二醛MDA	-0.215	1
过氧化物酶POD	-0.492	0.399	1
超氧岐化酶SOD	0.532*	-0.828**	-0.764**	1
超氧阴离子O₂^-	-0.595*	0.751**	0.716**	-0.973**	1
可溶性蛋白SP	-0.660**	0.552*	0.565*	-.655**	0.656**	1
可溶性糖SS	0.379	-0.472	-0.223	0.554*	-0.606*	-0.492	1
膜透性MP	0.098	0.497	0.200	-0.384	0.350	0.445	-0.212	1
脯氨酸Pro	-0.450	0.035	0.875**	-0.449	0.442	0.524*	-0.080	0.005	1

指标 Index	过氧化氢酶 CAT	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧岐化酶 SOD	超氧阴离子 O₂^-	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	膜透性 MP	脯氨酸 Pro
过氧化氢酶CAT	1
丙二醛MDA	0.001	1
过氧化物酶POD	-0.526*	0.130	1
超氧岐化酶SOD	0.903**	0.179	-0.274	1
超氧阴离子O₂^-	0.157	0.495	0.476	0.322	1
可溶性蛋白SP	0.270	-0.481	0.021	0.181	-0.105	1
可溶性糖SS	0.536*	0.116	-0.201	0.530*	0.102	0.230	1
膜透性MP	-0.456	0.609*	0.027	-0.489	0.248	-0.542*	-0.285	1
脯氨酸Pro	-0.669**	0.388	0.168	-0.717**	0.143	-0.427	-0.524*	0.877**	1

指标 Index		豫谷35 Yugu 35
指标 Index		过氧化氢酶 CAT	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧岐化酶 SOD	超氧阴离子 O₂^-	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	膜透性 MP	脯氨酸 Pro
晋谷21 Jingu 21	过氧化氢酶CAT	-0.456	0.647**	0.924**	-0.898**	0.845**	0.671**	-0.448	0.350	0.721**
	丙二醛MDA	-0.490	0.339	0.866**	-0.638*	0.623*	0.798**	-0.355	0.314	0.895**
	过氧化物酶POD	0.134	-0.182	-0.028	0.325	-0.408	0.339	0.241	0.246	0.225
	超氧岐化酶SOD	0.533*	-0.842**	-0.635*	0.941**	-0.942**	-0.752**	0.609*	-0.461	-0.348
	超氧阴离子O₂^-	-0.573*	0.403	0.952**	-0.779**	0.778**	0.574*	-0.232	0.103	0.865**
	可溶性蛋白SP	0.218	0.497	0.213	-0.236	0.043	0.280	-0.085	0.471	0.001
	可溶性糖SS	0.336	-0.836**	-0.595*	0.857**	-0.779**	-0.498	0.596*	-0.349	-0.258
	膜透性MP	-0.300	0.748**	0.738**	-0.839**	0.767**	0.623*	-0.330	0.593*	0.444
	脯氨酸Pro	-0.181	0.475	0.784**	-0.662**	0.647**	0.555*	-0.469	0.279	0.720**

指标Index		冀谷42 Jigu 42
指标Index		过氧化氢酶 CAT	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧岐化酶 SOD	超氧阴离子 O₂^-	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	膜透性 MP	脯氨酸 Pro
晋谷21 Jingu 21	过氧化氢酶CAT	-0.257	0.860**	0.046	-0.105	0.170	-0.656**	-0.182	0.710**	0.556*
	丙二醛MDA	-0.415	0.794**	0.510	-0.142	0.415	-0.591*	-0.222	0.606*	0.513
	过氧化物酶POD	-0.012	0.255	0.724**	0.172	0.904**	0.097	0.129	0.027	0.031
	超氧岐化酶SOD	0.540*	-0.586*	0.057	0.551*	0.003	0.609*	0.360	-0.925**	-0.834**
	超氧阴离子O₂^-	-0.373	0.734**	0.214	-0.158	-0.026	-0.482	-0.233	0.499	0.397
	可溶性蛋白SP	0.426	0.553*	-0.097	0.380	0.727**	-0.188	0.212	0.422	0.174
	可溶性糖SS	0.069	-0.656**	0.268	0.172	-0.055	0.635*	0.089	-0.782**	-0.570*
	膜透性MP	-0.268	0.752**	-0.027	-0.158	0.271	-0.600*	-0.125	0.803**	0.561*
	脯氨酸Pro	-0.165	0.866**	0.127	0.016	0.242	-0.622*	0.140	0.606*	0.387