国外引进甘蔗栽培品种的光合气体交换参数遗传差异与聚类分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.12.006

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】To identify genotypes with high photosynthesis capacity and to optimize methods for further screening, genetic variations of photosynthetic gas exchange parameters among exotic sugarcane cultivars was investigated. 【Method】Using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system, gas exchange measurements were conducted on the youngest fully-expanded leaves of 50 cultivars introduced from abroad at their grand-growth stage. Six parameters were measured, namely photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (g_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), transpiration rate (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE_intr), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE_inst). Key statistics were determined including broad sense heritability, correlations among parameters. Besides, variation in responses among cultivars was characterized using principal component analysis, while cluster and discriminant analysis were conducted for elite screening. 【Result】 Significant genetic variation was found for every parameter, with the order (highest to lowest variation) being g_s, A, E, C_i, WUE_intr, to WUE_inst. Broad heritability was high (>70%) for all parameters except WUE_inst (which was 58.8%). There were significant correlations between all the parameters except that between WUE_inst and E. Stomatal conductance had strong nonlinear relationships with other parameters, consistent with its pivotal role in regulating leaf gas exchange. Two principal components were extracted through principal component analysis, which could be interpreted as being predominately related to "carbon assimilation" and "water use efficiency" respectively. These two components varied independently among the clones, indicating the possibility of screening for elites harboring both high carbon assimilation and high water use efficiency. Cluster analysis identified a group of six genotypes which had both high carbon assimilation and water use efficiency. 【Conclusion】 Significant variation due to genetic differences in gas exchange parameters exists among exotic sugarcane cultivars. An elite group of cultivars with both high carbon assimilation and water use efficiency were identified, including B4362, B51-410, US67-22, BH10-12, C323-87, and Co685. Methods to optimize large-scale screening in sugarcane breeding programs for favorable photosynthetic capacity were also determined and discussed.

Key words: Saccharum spp., exotic cultivars, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, genetic variation, clustering-based screening

LI ChunJia, QIN Wei, XU ChaoHua, LIU HongBo, MAO Jun, LU Xin. Genetic Variations and Cluster Analysis of Photosynthetic Gas Exchange Parameters in Exotic Sugarcane Cultivars[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(12): 2288-2299.

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