|
|
|
Heterogeneity Analysis of Cucumber Canopy in the Solar Greenhouse |
QIAN Ting-ting, LU Sheng-lian, ZHAO Chun-jiang, GUO Xin-yu, WEN Wei-liang , DU jian-jun |
1、Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R.China
2、Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, P.R.China |
|
|
摘要 Detailed analysis of canopy structural heterogeneity is an essential step in conducting parameters for a canopy structural model. This paper aims to analyze the structural heterogeneity of a cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) canopy by means of analyzing leaf distribution in a greenhouse environment with natural sunlight and also to assess the effect of structural canopy heterogeneity on light interception and photosynthesis. Two experiments and four measurements were carried out in autumn 2011 and spring 2012. A static virtual three-dimensional (3D) canopy structure was reconstructed using a 3D digitizing method. The diurnal variation of photosynthesis rate was measured using CIRAS-2 photosynthesis system. The results showed that, leaf azimuth as tested with the Rayleigh-test was homogeneous at vine tip over stage but turned heterogeneous at fruit harvest stage. After eliminating the influence of the environment on the azimuth using the von Mises-Fisher method, the angle between two successive leaves was 144°; at the same time, a rule for the azimuth distribution in the canopy was established, stating that the azimuth distribution in cucumber followed a law which was positive spin and anti-spin. Leaf elevation angle of south-oriented leaves was on average 13.8° higher than that of north-oriented leaves. The horizontal distribution of light interception and photosynthesis differed significantly between differently oriented leaves. East- and west-oriented leaves exhibited the highest photosynthetic rate. In conclusion, detailed analysis of canopy structural heterogeneity in this study indicated that leaf azimuth and elevation angle were heterogeneous in cucumber canopy and they should be explicitly described as they have a great impact both on light distribution and photosynthesis.
Abstract Detailed analysis of canopy structural heterogeneity is an essential step in conducting parameters for a canopy structural model. This paper aims to analyze the structural heterogeneity of a cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) canopy by means of analyzing leaf distribution in a greenhouse environment with natural sunlight and also to assess the effect of structural canopy heterogeneity on light interception and photosynthesis. Two experiments and four measurements were carried out in autumn 2011 and spring 2012. A static virtual three-dimensional (3D) canopy structure was reconstructed using a 3D digitizing method. The diurnal variation of photosynthesis rate was measured using CIRAS-2 photosynthesis system. The results showed that, leaf azimuth as tested with the Rayleigh-test was homogeneous at vine tip over stage but turned heterogeneous at fruit harvest stage. After eliminating the influence of the environment on the azimuth using the von Mises-Fisher method, the angle between two successive leaves was 144°; at the same time, a rule for the azimuth distribution in the canopy was established, stating that the azimuth distribution in cucumber followed a law which was positive spin and anti-spin. Leaf elevation angle of south-oriented leaves was on average 13.8° higher than that of north-oriented leaves. The horizontal distribution of light interception and photosynthesis differed significantly between differently oriented leaves. East- and west-oriented leaves exhibited the highest photosynthetic rate. In conclusion, detailed analysis of canopy structural heterogeneity in this study indicated that leaf azimuth and elevation angle were heterogeneous in cucumber canopy and they should be explicitly described as they have a great impact both on light distribution and photosynthesis.
|
Received: 19 November 2013
Accepted:
|
Fund: This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program (2012BAD35B01), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (4122033) and Beijing Science and Technology Project (D111100001011002), Youth Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (QN201110) |
Corresponding Authors:
ZHAO Chun-jiang, Tel: +86-10-51503411, Fax: +86-10-51503750, Email: zhaocj@nercita.org.cn
E-mail: zhaocj@nercita.org.cn
|
About author: QIAN Ting-ting, E-mail:qiantingting19831205@126.com |
Cite this article:
QIAN Ting-ting, LU Sheng-lian, ZHAO Chun-jiang, GUO Xin-yu, WEN Wei-liang , DU jian-jun.
2014.
Heterogeneity Analysis of Cucumber Canopy in the Solar Greenhouse. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(12): 2645-2655.
|
Berens P. 2009. CircStat: A matlab toolbox for circularstatistics. Journal of Statistical Software, 31, 1-21Buck-Sorlin G, de Visser P H B, Henke M, Sarlikioti V, van derHeijden G W A M, Marcelis L F M, Vos J. 2011. Towardsa functional-structural plant model of cut-rose: Simulationof light environment, light absorption, photosynthesis andinterference with the plant structure. Annals of Botany,108, 1121-1134Campbell G S. 1986. Extinction coefficients for radiation inplant canopies calculated using an ellipsoidal inclinationangle distribution. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 36, 317-321Campbell G S. 1990. Derivation of an angle density functionfor canopies with ellipsoidal leaf angle distributions.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 49, 173-176Cao W, Tibbitts T W. 1995. Leaf emergence on potato stems inrelation to thermal time. Agronomy Journal, 87, 474-477Chen T W, Henke M, de Visser P H B, Buck-Sorlin G,Wiechers D, Kahlen K, Stutzel H. 2014. What is the mostprominent factor limiting photosynthesis in different layersof a greenhouse cucumber canopy? Annals of Botany,114, 677-688Falster D S, Westoby M. 2003. Leaf size and angle vary widelyacross species: What consequences for light interception?New Phytologist, 158, 509-525Fisher N I, Lewis T, Embleton B J J. 1993. Statistical Analysisof Spherical Data. Cambridge University Press, UnitedKingdom. pp. 81-83Godin C. 2000. Representing and encoding plant architecture:A review. Annals of Forest Science, 57, 413-438Hirose T. 2005. Development of the Monsi-Saeki theoryon canopy structure and function. Annals of Botany, 95,483-494Kahlen K. 2006. 3D architectural modelling of greenhousecucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using L-systems. In:Marcelis L F M, Heuvelink E, eds., III InternationalSymposium on Models for Plant Growth, EnvironmentalControl and Farm Management in Protected Cultivation.ISHS, Leuven Wageningen. pp. 51-58Kahlen K, Stützel H. 2011. Modelling photo-modulatedinternode elongation in growing glasshouse cucumbercanopies. New Phytologist, 190, 697-708Kahlen K, Wiechers D, Stützel H. 2008. Modelling leafphototropism in a cucumber canopy. Functional PlantBiology, 35, 876-884Klieber A, Lin W, Jolliffe P, Hall J. 1993. Training systemsaffect canopy light exposure and shelf life of longEnglish cucumber. Journal of the American Society forHorticultural Science, 118, 786-790Lu S, Guo X, Zhao C, Qian T, Wen W, Du J. 2012. Multi-scalereconstruction of crop canopy. In: Kang M Z, DumontY, Guo Y, eds., Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation,Visualization And Applications. Proceedings of the FourthInternational Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling,Simulation, Visualization and Applications. IEEE Press,Shanghai, China. pp. 262-269Pearcy R W, Roden J S, Gamon J A. 1990. Sunfleck dynamicsin relation to canopy structure in a soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.) canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,52, 359-372Richter P, Schranner R. 1978. Leaf arrangement.Naturwissenschaften, 65, 319-327Ross J. 1981. The Radiation Regime and Architecture of PlantStands: Includes Index. Springer, Germany. p. 391.Sarlikioti V, de Visser P H B, Buck-Sorlin G H, Marcelis LF M. 2011a. Exploring the spatial distribution of lightinterception and photosynthesis of canopies by means of a functional-structural plant model. Annals of Botany,107, 875-883Sarlikioti V, de Visser P H B, Buck-Sorlin G H, Marcelis L FM. 2011b. How plant architecture affects light absorptionand photosynthesis in tomato: Towards an ideotype forplant architecture using a functional-structural plant model.Annals of Botany, 108, 1065-1073Sinoquet H, Thanisawanyangkura S, Mabrouk H, KasemsapP. 1998. Characterization of the light environment incanopies using 3D digitising and image processing. Annalsof Botany, 82, 203-212Stewart D W, Costa C, Dwyer L M, Smith D L, HamiltonR I, Ma B L. 2003. Canopy structure, light interceptionand photosynthesis in maize. Agronomy Journal, 95,1465-1474Thornley J H M, Hand D W, Wilson J W. 1992. Modelling lightabsorption and canopy net photosynthesis of glasshouserow crops and application to cucumber. Journal ofExperimental Botany, 43, 383-391Toler J E, Murdock E C, Stapleton G S, Wallace S U.1999. Corn leaf orientation effects on light interception,intraspecific competition, and grain yields. Journal ofProduction Agriculture, 12, 396-399Vos J, Evers J B, Buck-Sorlin G H, Andrieu B, ChelleM, de Visser P H B. 2010. Functional-structural plantmodelling: a new versatile tool in crop science. Journalof Experimental Botany, 61, 2101-2115Wang X, Guo Y, Li B, Wang X, Ma Y. 2006. Evaluating athree dimensional model of diffuse photosyntheticallyactive radiation in maize canopies. International Journalof Biometeorology, 50, 349-357Wiechers D, Kahlen K, Stützel H. 2011. Dry matter partitioningmodels for the simulation of individual fruit growth ingreenhouse cucumber canopies. Annals of Botany, 108,1075-1084Wen W, Meng J, Xiao B, Guo X, Wang X, Lu S. 2009.Calculation system of light distribution within crop canopybased on radiosity method. Transactions of the ChineseSociety for Agricultural Machinery, 9, 190-193de Wit C T. 1965. Photosynthesis of Leaf Canopies. Pudoc,Wageningen. p. 57.Yang X, Short T H, Fox R D, Bauerle W L. 1990. Plantarchitectural parameters of a greenhouse cucumber rowcrop. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 51, 93-105 |
No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
|
Shared |
|
|
|
|
|
Discussed |
|
|
|
|