Abscisic acid alleviates photosynthetic damage in the tomato ABA-deficient mutant sitiens and protects photosystem II from damage via the WRKY22–PsbA complex under low-temperature stress

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.040

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2025, Vol. 24

Issue (2): 546-563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.040

Horticulture

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Abscisic acid alleviates photosynthetic damage in the tomato ABA-deficient mutant sitiens and protects photosystem II from damage via the WRKY22–PsbA complex under low-temperature stress

Jiamao Gu^{1, 2*}, Pengkun Liu^{1, 2*}, Wenting Nie^{1, 2}, Zhijun Wang^{1, 2}, Xiaoyu Cui^{1, 2}, Hongdan Fu^{1, 2}, Feng Wang^{1, 2}, Mingfang Qi^{1, 2}, Zhouping Sun^{1, 2}, Tianlai Li^{1, 2#}, Yufeng Liu^{1, 2#}

¹The Modern Facilities Horticultural Engineering Technology Center, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

²The Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China

Highlights
● Abscisic acid (ABA) alleviates photosynthetic system damage in tomato seedlings under low-temperature (LT) stress.
● Exogenous ABA application affects the expression of photosynthesis-related genes under LT stress.
● ABA protects PSII under LT stress through the WRKY22–PsbA complex.

Abstract
References

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摘要

脱落酸（ABA）在促进植物生长发育以及介导植物对不利环境刺激的反应方面发挥着关键作用。为了探究ABA在缓解番茄低温胁迫中的作用，我们检测了低温（LT）胁迫后野生型番茄RR、ABA缺失突变体sitiens（sit）和ABA预处理的sit幼苗的光合能力。结果发现，低温胁迫下，sit幼苗的净光合速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率和气孔导度低于RR幼苗。sit幼苗的叶绿体宽度、面积和嗜锇颗粒数量显著大于RR幼苗，并且sit幼苗的叶绿体长宽比显著低于RR幼苗。低温胁迫后，sit幼苗的光化学活性降低，光合作用相关基因的表达发生改变。ABA预处理显著缓解了上述现象。我们还进行了RNA-seq，并分析了低温胁迫后番茄幼苗中基因的表达模式。我们总共构建了15个cDNA文库，并鉴定了参与光合作用、植物激素信号转导以及初级和次级代谢的差异表达基因。我们分析了参与光合作用相关过程的转录因子和基因，筛选到了转录因子WRKY22和光合基因PsbA。萤光素酶报告基因试验和电泳迁移率偏移试验证实WRKY22调节PsbA的表达。低温胁迫后WRKY22和PsbA沉默植株的PSII受到抑制。我们的研究结果表明，在低温胁迫下，ABA通过WRKY22–PsbA在调节番茄光合作用和保护PSII中发挥作用。

Abstract

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in promoting the growth and development of plants, as well as mediating the responses of plants to adverse environmental conditions. Here, we measured the photosynthetic capacity of wild-type RR, mutant sitiens (sit), and ABA-pretreated sit tomato seedlings following exposure to low-temperature (LT) stress. We found that the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance of sit seedlings were lower than those of RR seedlings under LT stress. The chloroplast width, area, and number of osmiophilic granules were significantly larger in sit seedlings than in RR seedlings, while the chloroplast length/width ratio was significantly lower in sit seedlings than in RR seedlings. The photochemical activity of sit seedlings was lower, and the expression of photosynthesis-related genes in sit seedlings was altered following exposure to LT stress. ABA pretreatment significantly alleviated the above phenomenon. We also conducted an RNA sequencing analysis and characterized the expression patterns of genes in tomato seedlings following exposure to LT stress. We constructed 15 cDNA libraries and identified several differentially expressed genes involved in photosynthesis, plant hormone signaling transduction, and primary and secondary metabolism. Additional analyses of genes encoding transcription factors and proteins involved in photosynthesis-related processes showed pronounced changes in expression under LT stress. Luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that WRKY22 regulates the expression of PsbA. The PSII of WRKY22 and PsbA-silenced plants was inhibited. Our findings indicate that ABA plays a role in regulating the process of photosynthesis and protecting PSII in tomato under LT stress through the WRKY22–PsbA complex.

Keywords: ABA low-temperature stress photosynthesis RNA-seq SlWRKY22 SlPsbA

Received: 20 October 2023 Accepted: 20 March 2024

Fund:

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272791 and 32072651), the earmarked fund for CARS (CARS-23), the Joint Fund for Innovation Enhancement of Liaoning Province, China (2021-NLTS-11-01), and the support program for Young and Middle-aged Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents, China (RC210293).

About author: # Correspondence Tianlai Li, E-mail: tianlaili@126.com; Yufeng Liu, E-mail: yufengliu@syau.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.

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Jiamao Gu, Pengkun Liu, Wenting Nie, Zhijun Wang, Xiaoyu Cui, Hongdan Fu, Feng Wang, Mingfang Qi, Zhouping Sun, Tianlai Li, Yufeng Liu. 2025. Abscisic acid alleviates photosynthetic damage in the tomato ABA-deficient mutant sitiens and protects photosystem II from damage via the WRKY22–PsbA complex under low-temperature stress. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 24(2): 546-563.

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