|
|
|
|
|
| Strategies to enhance cottonseed oil contents and reshape fatty acid profile employing different breeding and genetic engineering approaches |
Iram Sharif1, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Shahid Munir Chohan1, Sadaf Saleem1, Riaz Ahmad Kainth1, Abid Mahmood2, Ghulam Sarwar1 |
1 Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
2 Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Cottonseed oil is the valuable byproduct extracted after seed cotton processing for lint. It confers a huge contribution to total vegetable oil production and ranked the 2nd to meet global edible oil requirements. Over centuries, breeders mainly focused to improve lint production and fiber quality. Now attention has been given to improve the cottonseed oil percentage, its functional and nutritional properties. However, these efforts are less than other major oilseed crops which left cottonseed oil market behind in term of consumer demand and kept cottonseed oil industry at vulnerable position. Considerable progress has been made to alter the relative percentage of fatty acid composition still intensified efforts have been required to meet the global oilseed demand. The objective of this review is to explore the cotton germplasm variation for seed oil carrying potential, its utilization in suitable breeding programs, seed oil biosynthetic pathways, major genes, and QTLs linked to quantity and quality enhancement of oil and deployment of modern genomic tools, viz., gene silencing and transgenic development to ameliorate its nutritional properties.
|
|
Received: 12 March 2018
Accepted:
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence Jehanzeb Farooq, E-mail: jehanzeb1763@hotmail.com
|
| About author:
|
Cite this article:
Iram Sharif, Jehanzeb Farooq, Shahid Munir Chohan, Sadaf Saleem, Riaz Ahmad Kainth, Abid Mahmood, Ghulam Sarwar.
2019.
Strategies to enhance cottonseed oil contents and reshape fatty acid profile employing different breeding and genetic engineering approaches. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(10): 2205-2218.
|
Abebe E, Shiferaw G C, Rao R S V. 2017. Production of biodiesel from vernonia galamensis oil using ethanol with alkali catalyst. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4, 1660–1670.
Agarwal D, Singh P, Chakrabarty M, Shaikh A, Gayal S. 2003. Cottonseed oil quality, utilization and processing. Cicr Technical Bulletin, 25, 5.
Alfred Q, Liu H Y, Xu H M, Li J R, Wu J G, Zhu S J, Shi C H. 2012. Mapping of quantitative trait loci for oil content in cottonseed kernel. Journal of Genetics, 91, 289–295.
Arroyo-Caro J M, Chileh T, Kazachkov M, Zou J, Alonso D L, García-Maroto F. 2013. The multigene family of lysophosphatidate acyltransferase (LPAT)-related enzymes in Ricinus communis. Cloning and molecular characterization of two LPAT genes that are expressed in castor seeds. Plant Science, 199, 29–40.
Ashokkumar K, Ravikesavan R. 2010. Genetic studies of correlation and path coefficient analysis for seed oil, yield and fibre quality traits in cotton (G. hirsutum L.). Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4, 5496–5499.
Ashokkumar K, Ravikesavan R. 2013. Genetic variation and heterotic effects for seed oil, seed protein and yield attributing traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 12, 5183–5191.
Aslan S, Hofvander P, Dutta P, Sitbon F, Sun C. 2015. Transient silencing of the KASII genes is feasible in Nicotiana benthamiana for metabolic engineering of wax ester composition. Scientific Reports, 5, 11213.
Azhar F, Ahmad M. 2000. Inheritance pattern of cotton seed oil in diverse germplasm of Gossypium hirsutum L. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 3, 1250–1252.
Bates P D, Browse J. 2012. The significance of different diacylgycerol synthesis pathways on plant oil composition and bioengineering. Frontiers in Plant Science, 3, 1–11.
Bates P D, Fatihi A, Snapp A R, Carlsson A S, Lu C. 2012. Acyl editing and headgroup exchange are the major mechanisms that direct polyunsaturated fatty acid flux into triacylglycerols. Plant Physiology, 160, 1530–1539.
Baum S J, Kris-Etherton P M, Willett W C, Lichtenstein A H, Rudel L L, Maki K C, Whelan J, Ramsden C E, Block R C. 2012. Fatty acids in cardiovascular health and disease: A comprehensive update. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, 6, 216–234.
Bayindir H. 2010. The effects of cottonseed oil-kerosene blends on a diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions. Energy Sources (Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects), 32, 901–908.
Bellaloui N, Stetina S R, Turley R B. 2015. Cottonseed protein, oil, and mineral status in near-isogenic Gossypium hirsutum cotton lines expressing fuzzy/linted and fuzzless/linted seed phenotypes under field conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 137.
Bolek Y, Tekerek H, Hayat K, Bardak A. 2016. Screening of cotton genotypes for protein content, oil and fatty acid composition. Journal of Agricultural Science, 8, 107.
Bonanome A, Grundy S M. 1988. Effect of dietary stearic acid on plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. New England Journal of Medicine, 318, 1244–1248.
Cahoon E B, Kinney A J. 2005. The production of vegetable oils with novel properties: Using genomic tools to probe and manipulate plant fatty acid metabolism. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 107, 239–243.
Cahoon E B, Shanklin J. 2000. Substrate-dependent mutant complementation to select fatty acid desaturase variants for metabolic engineering of plant seed oils. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 12350–12355.
Cahoon E B, Shockey J M, Dietrich C R, Gidda S K, Mullen R T, Dyer J M. 2007. Engineering oilseeds for sustainable production of industrial and nutritional feedstocks: Solving bottlenecks in fatty acid flux. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 10, 236–244.
Cakmak I. 2000. Tansley review No. 111 - Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. The New Phytologist, 146, 185–205.
Carvalho L P D, Rodrigues J I d S, Farias F J C. 2017. Selection of cotton lines for high oil content. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 52, 530–538.
Chapman K D, Austin-Brown S, Sparace S A, Kinney A J, Ripp K G, Pirtle I L, Pirtle R M. 2001. Transgenic cotton plants with increased seed oleic acid content. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 78, 941–947.
Chapman K D, Neogi P B, Hake K D, Stawska A A, Speed T R, Cotte M Q, Garrett D C. 2008. Reduced oil accumulation in cottonseeds transformed with a nonfunctional allele of a delta-12 fatty acid desaturase (FAD2). Crop Science, 48, 1470–1481.
Cherry J, Kohel R, Jones L, Powell W. 1981. Cottonseed quality: Factors affecting feed and food uses. In: Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Production Reseasrch Conference. National Cotton Council, USA. pp. 266–283.
Cherry J, Leffler H. 1984. Chapter 13: Seed. In: Kohel R J, Lewis C F, eds., Cotton No 24 in Agronomy Series. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Society of America, Publishers Madison WI. pp. 511–558.
Dani R. 1988. Heterosis for oil content in cotton. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 9, 135–136.
Dani R. 1989. Heterosis and combining ability for oil content and other economic traits in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 49, 47–51.
Dani R, Kohel R. 1989. Maternal effects and generation mean analysis of seed-oil content in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 77, 569–575.
Dougherty R M, Allman M A, Iacono J M. 1995. Effects of diets containing high or low amounts of stearic acid on plasma lipoprotein fractions and fecal fatty acid excretion of men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61, 1120–1128.
Dowd M K, Boykin D L, Meredith Jr W R, Campbell B T, Bourland F M, Gannaway J R, Glass K M, Zhang J. 2010. Fatty acid profiles of cottonseed genotypes from the national cotton variety trials. Journal of Cotton Science, 14, 64–73.
Downey R, Craig B. 1964. Genetic control of fatty acid biosynthesis in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 41, 475–478.
Eevera T, Pazhanichamy K. 2013. Cotton seed oil: A feasible oil source for biodiesel production. Energy Sources (Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects), 35, 1118–1128.
Figueiredo A C, Barroso J G, Pedro L G, Scheffer J J. 2008. Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: Volatile components and essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23, 213–226.
Gopalakrishnan D. 2007. Seed Oil Improvement in Cotton. Central Institute For Cotton Research Regional Station C, India. pp. 61–70.
Green A. 1986. A mutant genotype of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) containing very low levels of linolenic acid in its seed oil. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 66, 499–503.
Green A, Marshall D. 1984. Isolation of induced mutants in linseed (Linum usitatissimum) having reduced linolenic acid content. Euphytica, 33, 321–328.
Gubanova N. 1989. Polymorphism for oil content in cotton. Khlopok, 6, 35–36.
Gupta S K. 2015. Breeding Oilseed Crops for Sustainable Production: Opportunities and Constraints. Academic Press, Cambridge.
Hayes K, Pronczuk A. 2010. Replacing trans fat: The argument for palm oil with a cautionary note on interesterification. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 29, 253S–284S.
Hui Y. 1996. Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products. V. 2 Edible Oil and Fat Products Oils and Oil Seeds. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Jaworski J, Cahoon E B. 2003. Industrial oils from transgenic plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6, 178–184.
Khan N U, Marwat K B, Hassan G, Farhatullah S B, Makhdoom K, Ahmad W, Khan H U. 2010. Genetic variation and heritability for cotton seed, fiber and oil traits in Gossypium hirsutum L. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42, 615–625.
Kleiman R, Smith C, Yates S, Jones Q. 1965. Search for new industrial oils. XII. Fifty-eight Euphorbiaceae oils, including one rich in vernolic acid. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 42, 169–172.
Klinkenberg J, Faist H, Saupe S, Lambertz S, Krischke M, Stingl N, Fekete A, Mueller M J, Feussner I, Hedrich R. 2014. Two fatty acid desaturases, stearoyal-acl carrier protien Δ9-desaturase6 and fatty acid, are involved in drought and hypoxia stress signaling in Arabidopsis crown galls. Plant Physiology, 164, 570–583.
Knutzon D S, Thompson G A, Radke S E, Johnson W B, Knauf V C, Kridl J C. 1992. Modification of Brassica seed oil by antisense expression of a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89, 2624–2628.
Konu?kan D B. 2017. Physico-chemical characteristic and fatty acids compositions of cottonseed oils. Journal of Agricultrual Sicences, 23, 253–259.
Kouser S, Mahmood K, Anwar F. 2015. Variations in physicochemical attributes of seed oil among different varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 47, 723–729.
Kuksis A, Pruzanski W. 2017. Epoxy Fatty Acids: Chemistry and Biological Effects. Fatty Acids, Elsevier, Canada. pp. 83–119.
Kunst L, Taylor D C, Underhill E W. 1992. Fatty acid elongation in developing seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology Biochemisty, 30, 425–434.
L’Abbé M R, Stender S, Skeaff C, Tavella M. 2009. Approaches to removing trans fats from the food supply in industrialized and developing countries. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63, S50–S67.
Lindsey S, Benattar J, Pronczuk A, Hayes K. 1990. Dietary palmitic acid (16:0) enhances high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein receptor mRNA abundance in hamsters. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 195, 261–269.
Liu F, Zhao Y P, Zhu H G, Zhu Q H, Sun J. 2017. Simultaneous silencing of GhFAD2-1 and GhFATB enhances the quality of cottonseed oil with high oleic acid. Journal of Plant Physiology, 215, 132–139.
Liu G, Mei H, Wang S, Li X, Zhu X, Zhang T. 2015. Association mapping of seed oil and protein contents in upland cotton. Euphytica, 205, 637–645.
Liu M, Fan J, You B, Mei Y. 1994. Protein and oil contents in the seed of G. barbadense L. Crop Gene Research, 4, 25–28.
Liu Q, Singh S P, Brubaker C L, Sharp P J, Green A G, Marshall D R. 1999. Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding a microsomal ω-6 fatty acid desaturase from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Functional Plant Biology, 26, 101–106.
Liu Q, Singh S, Green A. 2002. High-oleic and high-stearic cottonseed oils: Nutritionally improved cooking oils developed using gene silencing. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 21, 205S–211S.
Liu Q, Singh S P, Green A G. 2002. High-stearic and high-oleic cottonseed oils produced by hairpin RNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Plant Physiology, 129, 1732–1743.
Liu Q, Wu M, Zhang B, Shrestha P, Petrie J, Green A G, Singh S P. 2017. Genetic enhancement of palmitic acid accumulation in cotton seed oil through RNAi down-regulation of ghKAS2 encoding β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II
(KASII). Plant Biotechnology Journal, 15, 132–143.
Lowery C C, Auld D, Bechere E, Wright R, Hequet E, Abidi N, Smith C. 2007. Use of chemical mutagenesis in improving upland cotton. In: World Cotton Research Conference-4, 10-14 Sep 2007. International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), USA.
Malik T H, Ahsan M Z. 2016. Review of the cotton market in Pakistan and its future prospects. Oilseed & Fat Crops and Lipids, 23, D606.
Martz F, Kiviniemi S, Palva T E, Sutinen M L. 2006. Contribution of omega-3 fatty acid desaturase and 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II (KASII) genes in the modulation of glycerolipid fatty acid composition during cold acclimation in birch leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57, 897–909.
McConn M, James D, Miquel M. 1993. Mutants of Arabidopsis deficient in the synthesis of alpha-linolenate. Biochemical and genetic characterization of the endoplasmic reticulum linoleoyl desaturase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 268, 16345–16351.
Mozaffarian D, Abdollahi M, Campos H, Houshiarrad A, Willett W. 2007. Consumption of trans fats and estimated effects on coronary heart disease in Iran. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61, 1004–1010.
Mozaffarian D, Katan M B, Ascherio A, Stampfer M J, Willett W C. 2006. Trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 354, 1601–1613.
Murphy D. 2011. Plants, Biotechnology and Agriculture. Centre of Agriculture and Biosciences (CABI), UK.
Murphy D J. 2014. Using modern plant breeding to improve the nutritional and technological qualities of oil crops. Oilseed & Fats and Lipids, 21, D607.
Napier J A. 2007. The production of unusual fatty acids in transgenic plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 58, 295–319.
Ohlrogge J, Browse J. 1995. Lipid biosynthesis. The Plant Cell, 7, 957.
Ohlrogge J B, Jaworski J G. 1997. Regulation of fatty acid synthesis. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 48, 109–136.
Okazaki K, Sato N, Tsuji N, Tsuzuki M, Nishida I. 2006. The significance of C16 fatty acids in the sn-2 positions of glycerolipids in the photosynthetic growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Plant Physiology, 141, 546–556.
Okuley J, Lightner J, Feldmann K, Yadav N, Lark E. 1994. Arabidopsis FAD2 gene encodes the enzyme that is essential for polyunsaturated lipid synthesis. The Plant Cell, 6, 147–158.
Pahlavani M, Miri A, Kazemi G. 2008. Response of oil and protein content to seed size in cotton. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 10, 643–647.
Pahlavani M, Miri A, Kazemi G. 2009. Response of oil and protein content to seed size in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Sahel). Plant Breeding and Seed Science, 59, 53–64.
Patel Alpa K, Bhalerao S. 2017. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological evaluation of Vernonia anthelmintica (l.) Willd.: An overview. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 8, 6258–6262.
Paterson A. 2009. Genetics and Genomics of Cotton. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Pidkowich M S, Nguyen H T, Heilmann I, Ischebeck T, Shanklin J. 2007. Modulating seed β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase II level converts the composition of a temperate seed oil to that of a palm-like tropical oil. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 4742–4747.
Qayyum A, Murtaza N, Azhar F, Iqbal M Z, Malik W. 2010. Genetic variability and association among oil, protein and other economic traits of Gossypium hirsutum L. in F2 generation. Journal of Agricultural Research, 48, 137–142.
Qayyum A, Murtaza N, Azhar F, Malik W. 2009. Biodiversity and nature of gene action for oil and protein contents in Gossypium hirsutum L. estimated by SSR markers. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 7, 590–593.
Qian F, Korat A A, Malik V, Hu F B. 2016. Metabolic effects of monounsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets compared with carbohydrate or polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care, 39, 1448–1457.
Rashmi R, Patil S, Shreekant, Patil S, Patil B R. 2004. Geographical diversity and per se performance of parents influencing productivity, oil content of diploid cotton hybrids (G. arboreum L.). International Symposium on “Strategies for Sustainable Cotton Production - A Global Vision”. 1. Crop Improvement, 23-25 November 2004. University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (India). pp. 193–194.
Sawan Z M, Hafez S A, Basyony A E, Abou-El-Ela R A. 2006. Cottonseed, protein, oil yields and oil properties as influenced by potassium fertilization and foliar application of zinc and phosphorus. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2, 66–74.
Scarth R, Tang J. 2006. Modification of oil using conventional and transgenic approaches. Crop Science, 46, 1225–1236.
Shang X, Cheng C, Ding J, Guo W. 2017. Identification of candidate genes from the SAD gene family in cotton for determination of cottonseed oil composition. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 292, 173–186.
Shanklin J, Cahoon E B. 1998. Desaturation and related modifications of fatty acids. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 49, 611–641.
Shanthi S, Nadarajan N, Backiyarani S. 1999. Genetic architecture of cotton seed oil content. Madras Agricultural Journal, 86, 332–333.
Sharma D, Pathak D, Atwal A, Sangha M. 2009. Genetic variation for some chemical and biochemical characteristics in cotton seed oil. Journal of Cotton Research and Development, 23, 1–7.
Shockey J, Dowd M, Mack B, Gilbert M, Scheffler B, Ballard L, Frelichowski J, Mason C. 2017. Naturally occurring high oleic acid cottonseed oil: Identification and functional analysis of a mutant allele of Gossypium barbadense fatty acid desaturase-2. Planta, 245, 611–622.
Singh P. 1986. Variability for seed oil content. CICR Annual Report Nagpur, India.
Singh P, Narayanan S. 1991. Seed oil improvement in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) through pedigree selection. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 61, 43–44.
Singh S P, Zhou X R, Liu Q, Stymne S, Green A G. 2005. Metabolic engineering of new fatty acids in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 8, 197–203.
Singh V. 1988. Variability and correlations for boll attributes in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) germplasm. Indian Journal Agricultural Sciences, 58, 309–310.
Snapp A R, Lu C. 2013. Engineering industrial fatty acids in oilseeds. Frontiers in Biology, 8, 1–10.
Snider J, Collins G, Whitaker J, Chapman K, Horn P, Grey T. 2014. Seed size and oil content are key determinants of seedling vigor in Gossypium hirsutum. Journal of Cotton Science, 18, 1–9.
Song X L, Zhang T Z. 2007. Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling seed physical and nutrient traits in cotton. Seed Science Research, 17, 243–251.
De Souza R J, Mente A, Maroleanu A, Cozma A I, Ha V, Kishibe T, Uleryk E, Budylowski P, Schünemann H, Beyene J. 2015. Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. British Molecular Biology Journal, 351, h3978.
Sun J Y, Hammerlindl J, Forseille L, Zhang H, Smith M A. 2014. Simultaneous over-expressing of an acyl-ACP thioesterase (FatB) and silencing of acyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase by artificial microRNAs increases saturated fatty acid levels in Brassica napus seeds. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 12, 624–637.
Sunilkumar G, Campbell L M, Puckhaber L, Stipanovic R D, Rathore K S. 2006. Engineering cottonseed for use in human nutrition by tissue-specific reduction of toxic gossypol. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 18054–18059.
Taneja A, Sharma A, Sharma J, Jain D. 1993. Biochemical changes in cotton seeds of different hirsutum genotypes during development. Journal of Indian Society for Cotton Improvement, 18, 75–81.
Taneja A D, Sharma A P, Siwach S. 1998. Effect of harvest dates on bio-chemical composition of cotton seeds of different G. hirsutum cultivars. Journal of Indian Society of Cotton Improvement, 23, 103–109.
Tarrago-Trani M T, Phillips K M, Lemar L E, Holden J M. 2006. New and existing oils and fats used in products with reduced trans-fatty acid content. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106, 867–880.
Turner J H, Ramey H H, Worley S. 1976. Relationship of yield, seed quality, and fiber properties in Upland cotton. Crop Science, 16, 578–580.
Voelker T A, Hayes T R, Cranmer A M, Turner J C, Davies H M. 1996. Genetic engineering of a quantitative trait: Metabolic and genetic parameters influencing the accumulation of laurate in rapeseed. The Plant Journal, 9, 229–241.
Wakelyn P J, Chaudhry M R. 2010. Cotton: Technology for the 21st Century. International Cotton Advisory Committee, Washington D.C., USA.
Wang N, Ma J, Pei W, Wu M, Li H, Li X, Yu S, Zhang J, Yu J. 2017. A genome-wide analysis of the lysophosphatidate acyltransferase (LPAAT) gene family in cotton: Organization, expression, sequence variation, and association with seed oil content and fiber quality. BMC Genomics, 18, 218.
Xiang S K, Chen H, Huo H, Zhu S J, Wang R H, Chen J H, Gao X, Sun S K. 1984. Preliminary evaluation of six glandless cotton varieties bred in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 3, 23–28. (in Chinese)
Xu Y. 2010. Molecular Plant Breeding. Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (CABI), UK.
Xu Z, Li J, Guo X, Jin S, Zhang X. 2016. Metabolic engineering of cottonseed oil biosynthesis pathway via RNA interference. Scientific Reports, 6, 33342.
Yu J, Yu S, Fan S, Song M, Zhai H, Li X, Zhang J. 2012. Mapping quantitative trait loci for cottonseed oil, protein and gossypol content in a Gossypium hirsutum×Gossypium barbadense backcross inbred line population. Euphytica, 187, 191–201.
Yu X H, Rawat R, Shanklin J. 2011. Characterization and analysis of the cotton cyclopropane fatty acid synthase family and their contribution to cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis. BMC Plant Biology, 11, 97.
Zhang M, Fan J, Taylor D C, Ohlrogge J B. 2009. DGAT1 and PDAT1 acyltransferases have overlapping functions in Arabidopsis triacylglycerol biosynthesis and are essential for normal pollen and seed development. The Plant Cell, 21, 3885–3901.
Zhou XR, Singh S, Liu Q, Green A. 2006. Combined transgenic expression of Δ12-desaturase and Δ12-epoxygenase in high linoleic acid seeds leads to increased accumulation of vernolic acid. Functional Plant Biology, 33, 585–592.
Zong G, Li Y, Wanders A J, Alssema M, Zock P L, Willett W C, Hu F B, Sun Q. 2016. Intake of individual saturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: two prospective longitudinal cohort studies. British Molecular Biology Journal, 355, i5796.
|
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
