Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (20): 4045-4056.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.20.010

• SPECIAL FOCUS: OCCURRENCE AND CONTROL OF MIGRATORY PESTS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Increasing Temperature Accelerated the Population Growth of Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae by Wheat Rhizosphere Microorganisms

JIANG YaNan1(), QI FangJian1, LI WeiWei1, CHEN JuLian1, TAN XiaoLing1,2()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193
    2 Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453500, Henan
  • Received:2024-03-11 Accepted:2024-04-05 Online:2024-10-16 Published:2024-10-24
  • Contact: TAN XiaoLing

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Abstract:

【Objective】Climate warming can affect the occurrence and damage caused by wheat aphids. Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae as the main pests of wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China, their population development and reproduction are affected by warming. This study aims to investigate whether climate warming will change the wheat rhizosphere microorganisms, which would indirectly affect the development and reproduction of R. padi and S. avenae.【Method】At the Yuanyang experimental station in Henan Province, infrared radiation heaters were hung to simulate a temperature increased by 2 ℃, and the number of wheat aphids occurring was investigated after the wheat returned to the greening stage. During the wheat jointing stage, rhizosphere microorganisms were collected and then brought to the laboratory to obtain the mixed microbial solution. The population dynamics and age-stage two-sex life table of two aphid species were tested by irrigating wheat with mixed solution. The mixture of rhizosphere microorganism was irrigated, and then aphids were inoculated. The number of aphids was recorded after 5 consecutive observations. For life table experiments, individual aphid of two wheat aphid species was fixed onto the 2nd leaf of wheat using ecological boxes, and the molting, instar and mortality of nymphal aphid were observed and recorded every day. At the same time, the reproduction and mortality of adult aphid were also recorded.【Result】Under different treatments, the population dynamics of R. padi and S. avenae were increasing continuously. With increasing investigation frequency, the increase of aphids gradually increased with irrigating the rhizosphere microorganisms of the elevated field compared with that at the ambient field. Rhizosphere microorganisms in the elevated field significantly increased the total mean number of R. padi and S. avenae, and compared with S. avenae, the increase of R. padi was greater, which increased by 4.49 times of S. avenae. The results of the population life table showed that the rhizosphere microorganisms in the elevated field significantly shortened the mean generation time, population doubling time, preadult duration, and oviposition duration of R. padi, while significantly increasing its intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and offspring. In addition, rhizosphere microorganisms in the elevated field significantly improved the survival rates of S. avenae at all developmental stages.【Conclusion】Warming promotes the growth, development, and reproduction of R. padi, enhances the survival rate of S. avenae, and accelerates the population growth of both aphid species, respectively, by affecting rhizosphere microorganisms, which may lead to changes in the migratory behavior of the aphids. These findings provide initial insights into the outbreak mechanism of wheat aphids under climate warming, and offer valuable references for predicting and assessing wheat aphid occurrences under future climate warming.

Key words: climate warming, rhizosphere microorganism, wheat aphid, life table, population development

Fig. 1

Population dynamics (a) and average occurrence (b) of R. padi and S. avenae under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

Table 1

Population life parameters of two aphid species under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

种群参数
Population parameter		 禾谷缢管蚜R. padi 麦长管蚜S. avenae
A-Rp E-Rp A-Sa E-Sa
内禀增长率Intrinsic rate of increase (r, d-1) 0.395±0.003b 0.409±0.004a 0.238±0.014a 0.256±0.010a
周限增长率Finite rate of increase (λ, d-1) 1.485±0.004b 1.506±0.007a 1.268±0.018a 1.292±0.012a
净增殖率Net reproductive rate (R0) 76.025±1.012a 78.429±0.919a 30.789±5.520a 36.882±3.899a
平均世代周期Mean generation time (T, d) 10.95±0.06a 10.65±0.11b 14.41±0.35a 14.08±0.41a
种群加倍时间Population doubling time (td, d) 1.75±0.01a 1.69±0.02b 2.92±0.19a 2.71±0.10a

Table 2

Life history parameters of two aphid species under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

生活史参数
Life parameter		 禾谷缢管蚜R. padi 麦长管蚜S. avenae
A-Rp E-Rp A-Sa E-Sa
1龄发育历期1st instar duration (d) 2.08±0.07a 1.81±0.07b 1.89±0.07a 2.06±0.06a
2龄发育历期2nd instar duration (d) 1.38±0.08a 1.24±0.07a 1.63±0.13b 1.94±0.06a
3龄发育历期3rd instar duration (d) 1.40±0.08a 1.43±0.08a 1.76±0.13a 1.56±0.12a
4龄发育历期4th instar duration (d) 1.15±0.06a 1.17±0.06a 2.88±0.12a 2.59±0.15a
若蚜发育历期Preadult duration (d) 6.00±0.04a 5.64±0.07b 8.13±0.20a 8.35±0.17a
总繁殖前期Total preoviposition period (d) 6.10±0.05a 6.05±0.09a 8.88±0.21a 8.80±0.14a
产蚜历期Oviposition days (d) 14.20±0.33a 13.31±0.26b 14.33±1.69a 15.31±1.13a
日产蚜量Offspring per day 5.45±0.13b 5.97±0.12a 2.59±0.16a 2.55±0.12a
产蚜总量Total number of offspring 76.03±1.01a 78.43±0.92a 36.56±5.49a 36.88±3.90a
成虫寿命Adult longevity (d) 25.58±0.45a 26.48±0.41a 20.00±2.78a 22.94±2.41a
总寿命Total longevity (d) 31.58±0.45a 32.12±0.42a 28.13±2.67a 31.29±2.36a

Fig. 2

Age-stage specific survival rates of R. padi and S. avenae under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

Fig. 3

Age-stage specific survival and fecundity rates of R. padi and S. avenae under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

Fig. 4

Age-stage life expectancy of R. padi and S. avenae under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

Fig. 5

Age-stage reproductive value of R. padi and S. avenae under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

Fig. 6

Population dynamics prediction of R. padi and S. avenae within the next 60 d under irrigating different mixtures of rhizosphere microorganisms"

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