Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (22): 4552-4560.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.22.015

• ANIMAL SCIENCE·VETERINARY SCIENCE • Previous Articles    

Modeling Net Energy Requirement of 1-60 Days Old Wenchang Hen

XU XiaoJing1,2,3(), WEI LiMin2,3, ZHAO ShaoMeng1, ZHAO GuiPing1,2,3, ZHANG MinHong1, FENG JingHai1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing 100193
    2 Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Hainan experimental animal research center), Sanya 572025, Hainan
    3 Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou 571100
  • Received:2023-02-12 Accepted:2023-04-04 Online:2023-11-16 Published:2023-11-17

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Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to determine the net energy requirements of Wenchang hens aged 1-60 days, so as to provide a scientific basis for efficient breeding of Wenchang hens. 【Method】The net energy requirements of growth (NEg) and maintenance (NEm) of Wenchang hens aged 1-30 and 31-60 days were estimated by factorial method. In experiment 1, three hundred 1-day-old healthy Wenchang chicken chicks were randomly divided into 6 replicates and routinely fed until 56 days of age. The body weight (BW) and net body energy (BE) of Wenchang hens were measured every week, and then a linear regression model between BW and BE was established. The slope was the NEg of Wenchang hen. The NEm of Wenchang hens was investigated in two phases. Two hundred and forty healthy Wenchang hens with similar BW were selected at 1 and 31 days of age, respectively. The birds were randomly divided into four treatment groups with six replicates. The four treatment groups were fed the same metabolic diets, which were ad libitum, 20%, 40% and 60% restricted. Test period was 30 days per period. During the middle stage of the experiment (14 and 44 days old), excreta were collected continuously for 3 days to determine dietary apparent metabolizable energy (AME) at different feeding levels; at the beginning and end of each stage, retained energy (RE), metabolizable energy intake (MEi) and heat production (HP, HP = MEi-RE) of Wenchang hens were measured, and a regression model between the logarithm of HP and MEi was established: lg(HP) = a + b×MEi; the HP when MEi = 0 was calculated, which was the NEm of Wenchang hens.【Result】With the increase of age, BW, daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (G/F) and BE of Wenchang hens significantly increased (P<0.001). The NEg value was 8.20 and 12.07 kJ·g-1 in Wenchang hens aged 1-30 days and 31-60 days, respectively. Restriction significantly increased the AME value of diet (P<0.001); MEi and HP significantly decreased with the decrease of food intake (P<0.001); there was a significant logarithmic regression relationship between MEi and log HP (R2 = 0.91 and 0.90, P<0.001), and the NEm value at 1-30 days and 31-60 days of age was 300.61 and 398.11 kJ·kg-1BW0.75·d-1, respectively. 【Conclusion】The NEg and NEm of Wenchang hens were different at different growth stages, and the daily net energy requirement of Wenchang hens could be predicted according to BW and ADG. The prediction models were: NE1-30d = 300.61×BW0.75 + 8.20×ADG and NE31-60d = 398.11×BW0.75 + 12.07×ADG.

Key words: Wenchang hen, net energy requirement for maintenance, net energy requirement for growth, growth stage, predictive model

Table 1

Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (as-fed basis)"

原料组成
Ingredients (%)		 1-30日龄
1-30 days		 31-60日龄
31-60 days		 营养水平
Nutrients (%)		 1-30日龄
1-30 days		 31-60日龄
31-60 days
玉米Corn 53.07 61.83 代谢能 ME ((MJ·kg-1)2) 12.48 12.84
豆粕 Soybean meal 38.50 30.00 粗蛋白质CP2) 20.80 18.03
豆油 Soybean oil 3.70 3.90 钙 Ca 0.95 0.85
食盐NaCl 0.40 0.30 总磷TAP 0.77 0.63
磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 1.79 1.30 有效磷 AP 0.40 0.30
石粉Limestone 1.14 1.26 赖氨酸 Lys 1.15 1.00
预混料 Premix1) 1.00 1.00 蛋氨酸 Met 0.45 0.40
DL-蛋氨酸 DL-Met 0.14 0.13 苏氨酸 Thr 0.80 0.68
赖氨酸 Lys 0.00 0.08 色氨酸 Try 0.25 0.20
胆碱Choline 0.26 0.20
合计 Total 100 100

Table 2

Performance of Wenchang hens at different weeks of age"

周龄
Week		 末体重
Final body weight (g)		 平均日增重
Average daily gain (g)		 平均日采食量
Average daily feed intake (g)		 料重比
Feed : weight (g·g-1)
0 27.98i
1 64.45h 5.39e 7.72h 1.48d
2 115.58g 8.39d 14.18g 1.94c
3 207.36f 13.39c 23.59f 1.80cd
4 312.13e 14.68c 31.97e 2.14c
5 411.27d 14.91c 40.01d 2.85b
6 540.00c 18.96ab 46.41c 2.54b
7 689.80b 21.26a 56.69b 2.66b
8 820.84a 18.52b 65.59a 3.64a
SEM 15.31 2.02 1.87 0.32
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Table 3

Body composition of Wenchang hens at different weeks of age"

周龄
Week(week)		 体净能
Body net energy (kJ)		 体净能含量
Body net energy content (kJ·g-1)		 体蛋白含量
Body protein content (g·g-1)		 体脂肪含量
Body lipids content (g·g-1)
0 151h 5.39f 0.15e 0.05f
1 448h 6.95e 0.16e 0.08e
2 878g 7.60d 0.19d 0.09de
3 1615f 7.78d 0.19cd 0.09cd
4 2476e 7.92cd 0.20bcd 0.09cde
5 3484d 8.47c 0.20bc 0.11c
6 5295c 9.81b 0.21ab 0.14b
7 6809b 9.87b 0.20b 0.15ab
8 8608 a 10.48a 0.22a 0.16a
SEM 353.00 0.51 0.010 0.013
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Fig. 1

Linear regression analysis between body net energy and body weight of Wenchang hens a: 1-28 days; b: 29-56 days"

Table 4

Effect of feeding levels on performance of Wenchang hens"

组别
Group		 末体重
Final body weight (g)		 平均日增重
Average daily gain (g)		 平均日采食量
Average daily feed intake (g)		 料重比
Feed : weight (g·g-1)
1-30日龄 1-30d
自由采食组（AL） 330.5a 10.05a 21.42a 2.13
20%限饲组（20%RF） 276.2b 8.24b 17.34b 2.11
40%限饲组（40%RF） 211.1c 6.06c 13.01c 2.15
60%限饲组（60%RF） 152.3d 4.11d 8.67d 2.12
SEM 5.5 0.18 0.34 0.06
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.708
31-60日龄 31-60d
自由采食组（AL） 831.0a 16.69a 51.04a 3.07c
20%限饲组（20%RF） 697.4b 12.24b 40.44b 3.31c
40%限饲组（40%RF） 554.7c 7.48c 30.33c 4.08b
60%限饲组（60%RF） 412.3d 2.74d 20.22d 7.44a
SEM 21.1 0.71 1.21 0.36
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Table 5

The effect of feeding level on the energy balance in Wenchang hens (n=6)"

组别
Group		 表观代谢能
AME (kJ·kg-1)		 代谢能摄入量
MEi (kJ·kg-1BW0.75·d-1)		 净能沉积量
RE(kJ·kg-1BW0.75·d-1)		 产热量
HP (kJ·kg-1BW0.75·d-1)
1-30日龄 1-30d
自由采食组（AL） 12.48c 967.85a 296.65a 697.20a
20%限饲组（20%RF） 12.55c 890.94b 250.16b 640.79b
40%限饲组（40%RF） 12.63b 804.94c 197.46c 607.48c
60%限饲组（60%RF） 12.92a 678.21d 149.78d 528.45d
SEM 0.06 17.30 10.66 24.04
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
31-60日龄 31-60d
自由采食组（AL） 12.84c 996.18a 252.16a 744.02a
20%限饲组（20%RF） 12.89c 868.39b 163.08b 705.32b
40%限饲组（40%RF） 13.06b 738.67c 87.52c 651.16c
60%限饲组（60%RF） 13.18a 566.50d -0.91d 567.41d
SEM 0.05 21.22 18.74 27.79
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Fig. 2

Logarithmic regression analysis of ME Intake and heat production in Wenchang hens (a: 1-30 days; b: 31-60 days）"

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