等有机质 土有效磷和无机磷形态的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.21.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Investigating the contribution of inorganic phosphorus (P) fractions to soil available phosphorus under equivalent soil organic matter content might be helpful in development of phosphate fertilizer management strategy whereby to improve phosphorus use efficiency in a given soil.【Method】 We collected and screened the soils with a gradient of Olsen P level but the quite similar soil organic matter content (SOC ranges from 10.03 to 10.68 g·kg ^-1) in a Tier soil under winter wheat-summer maize cropping in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province. The Olsen P contents of the selected soil samples were 10.73 mg·kg ^-1, 18.06 mg·kg ^-1, 20.61 mg·kg ^-1, 24.01 mg·kg ^-1, 30.73 mg·kg ^-1, 43.69 mg·kg ^-1, and 58.58 mg·kg ^-1, respectively. We then analyzed the soil inorganic phosphorus forms with the phosphorus fractionation method developed by Chang & Jackson and modified by Jiang & Gu.【Result】 The results showed that the calcium bounded phosphorus fraction was the dominant form in the cultivated soil in the northwestern winter wheat-summer maize planting area, accounting for 66.67% of the total amount of inorganic phosphorus, of which dicalcium phosphate (Ca₂-P), octa-calcium phosphate (Ca₈-P) and apatite (Ca₁₀-P) account for 2.80%, 16.80% and 47.09%, respectively, on average; and aluminum bounded phosphate (Al-P), iron bounded phosphate (Fe-P) and occluded phosphate (O-P) composed of 16.28%, 5.23% and 11.81%, respectively. Soil Olsen P was increased significantly and linearly with the increasing content of Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P, Ca₁₀-P, Al-P, Fe-P and O-P; while the phosphorus activation coefficients, defined as the ratio of soil Olsen P to total P, were correlated significantly positively and linearly to the content of Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P, Al-P, Fe-P and O-P. The results of path analysis showed that the contribution of inorganic phosphorus to soil available phosphorus (Olsen P) in Guanzhong Plain area of Shaanxi Province was in the order of Ca₂-P (0.974)＞Al-P (0.186)＞Ca₈-P (0.182)＞Fe-P (0.150)＞Ca₁₀-P (0.007)＞O-P (-0.074), the contribution of inorganic phosphorus to phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) was Ca₂-P (0.768)＞Al-P (0.082)＞Ca₈-P (0.071)＞Fe-P (-0.018)＞Ca₁₀-P (-0.055)＞O-P (-0.388), which was consistent with the contribution of soil phosphorus component to available phosphorus. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that Ca₂-P and Ca₈-P were the major two contributors to Olsen P, but the Ca₂-P contributed the most to PAC.【Conclusion】 Under the same or similar soil organic matter condition, Ca₂-P was the most effective phosphorus source in Tier soil of wheat-maize growing area in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province. The increase of soil phosphorus availability was mainly achieved by increasing the proportion of phosphorus forms of readily available and relatively high availability such as Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P and Al-P, and reducing the proportion of very low availability forms, i.e. Ca₁₀-P. Generally, under current cropping system, the application of phosphate fertilizers mainly kept the soil phosphorus in pools of available forms in the Guanzhong Plain.

Key words: forms of inorganic phosphorus, winter wheat summer maize cropping, tier, phosphorus availability, Olsen P gradient

LI RuoNan,WANG ZhengPei,BATBAYAR Javkhlan,ZHANG DongJie,ZHANG ShuLan,YANG XueYun. Relationship Between Soil Available Phosphorus and Inorganic Phosphorus Forms Under Equivalent Organic Matter Condition in a Tier Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(21): 3852-3865.

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土壤样品 Soil sample	有效磷含量 Olsen P (mg·kg^-1)	有机碳含量 SOC (g·kg^-1)	酸度(1﹕2.5) pH	全磷含量 Total P (g·kg^-1)
S1	10.73	10.68	7.41	0.95
S2	18.06	10.34	7.29	0.96
S3	20.61	10.21	7.10	0.86
S4	24.01	10.54	7.86	1.08
S5	30.73	10.06	8.04	1.01
S6	43.69	10.49	7.54	1.24
S7	58.58	10.03	7.87	1.47

土壤样品 Soil sample	各形态无机磷占总无机磷的百分比 Proportion of inorganic phosphorus fraction to total (%)
土壤样品 Soil sample	Ca₂-P	Ca₈-P	Ca₁₀-P	Ca-P	Al-P	Fe-P	O-P
S 1	1.63c	14.84bc	53.65a	70.12a	12.50c	5.63ab	11.76a
S 2	2.02bc	13.92c	54.24a	70.19a	12.32c	5.84a	11.65a
S 3	2.23b	16.26b	50.17ab	68.66a	13.46c	4.93ab	12.95a
S 4	2.31b	19.05a	45.83bc	67.18a	16.84b	4.44b	11.54a
S 5	3.64a	16.61b	47.30b	67.54a	14.83bc	5.36ab	12.27a
S 6	3.69a	16.48b	42.39c	62.57b	21.02a	4.84ab	11.56a
S 7	4.08a	20.43a	35.95d	60.46b	22.97a	5.60ab	10.97a
Mean	2.80	16.80	47.08	66.67	16.28	5.23	11.81

作用因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	间接作用 Indirect effect						与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y
作用因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	x₁→y	x₂→y	x₃→y	x₄→y	x₅→y	x₆→y	与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y
Ca₂-P (x₁)	0.974		0.160	0.003	0.175	0.119	-0.065	0.974
Ca₈-P (x₂)	0.182	0.855		0.004	0.174	0.103	-0.063	0.897
Ca₁₀-P (x₃)	0.007	0.439	0.093		0.094	0.039	-0.048	0.444
Al-P (x₄)	0.186	0.917	0.170	0.004		0.121	-0.063	0.938
Fe-P (x₅)	0.150	0.773	0.125	0.002	0.151		-0.047	0.828
O-P (x₆)	-0.074	0.852	0.154	0.005	0.158	0.095		0.834

因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	间接作用 Indirect effect			与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y	显著水平 Significant level
因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	x₁→y	x₂→y	x₅→y	与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y	显著水平 Significant level
Ca₂-P(x₁)	0.684		0.166	0.123	0.974	0.000
Ca₈-P(x₂)	0.189	0.601		0.106	0.897	0.064
Fe-P(x₅)	0.155	0.543	0.130		0.828	0.054

作用因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	间接作用地Indirect effect						与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y
作用因子 Factor	直接作用 Direct effect	x₁→y	x₂→y	x₃→y	x₄→y	x₅→y	x₆→y	与y的相关系数 Correlation coefficient with y
Ca₂-P (x₁)	0.768		0.062	-0.025	0.077	-0.014	-0.339	0.767
Ca₈-P (x₂)	0.071	0.674		-0.028	0.077	-0.012	-0.328	0.690
Ca₁₀-P (x₃)	-0.055	0.346	0.036		0.042	-0.005	-0.250	0.302
Al-P (x₄)	0.082	0.723	0.066	-0.028		-0.015	-0.330	0.732
Fe-P (x₅)	-0.018	0.609	0.049	-0.014	0.066		-0.245	0.602
O-P (x₆)	-0.388	0.672	0.060	-0.035	0.070	-0.011		0.579

Relationship Between Soil Available Phosphorus and Inorganic Phosphorus Forms Under Equivalent Organic Matter Condition in a Tier Soil

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