河套灌区不同秋浇年限对土壤细菌群落的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.19.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Considering the phenomenon that farmers voluntarily gave up the water irrigation in autumn, We investigated the effects of different autumn irrigation years on soil bacterial community composition in Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District, so as to provide corresponding scientific support for the improvement of saline-alkali land and reformation of autumn irrigation system.【Method】 By selecting five types of typical plots, including wasteland (CK), always irrigation in autumn (AUI1), 2-3 years with autumn irrigation (AUI2), 3-4 years without autumn irrigation (AUI3) and 6-7 years without autumn irrigation (AUI4), the characteristics of soil bacteria in different autumn irrigation years were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing (Illumina HiSeq), and redundantly and correlation analysis of the soil chemical properties with bacterial communities and with community composition were followed.【Result】 The results showed that the salt content of AUI1 and AUI2 treatments were significantly reduced in 0-30 cm soil layer, compared with CK, AUI3 and AUI4, which were reduced by 128.82% and 29.04%, 108.76% and 17.72%, 108.44% and 17.55%, respectively. The salt content of AUI1 treatment was significantly reduced than that of other treatments in 30-40cm soil layer; the pH of AUI2 treatment was the lowest in each soil layer, and compared with CK, AUI1, AUI3 and AUI4 treatments, which reduced by 0.28, 0.32, 0.16 and 0.88 units, respectively (P＜0.05). Compared with CK, AUI1, AUI3 and AUI4 treatments, the soil microbial biomass carbon content of AUI2 treatment were increased by 252.89%, 148.59%, 58.10% and 60.10%, respectively, and the soluble organic carbon content increased by 48.41%, 29.42%, 6.01% and 4.27%, respectively (P＜0.05). The abundance index (ACE and Chao1) of AUI1 and AUI2 treatments were significantly higher than CK, AUI3 and AUI4 treatments (P＜0.05). Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the three dominant bacteria that were treated in different autumn years, accounting for 53.93% of all bacteria, while AUI2 and AUI3 treatment are beneficial to increase the Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria relative abundance (P＜0.05). Correlation analysis showed that Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were significantly negatively correlated with soil microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon, and the correlation coefficient with microbial biomass carbon were (r =-0.559** and -0.522*), the correlation coefficients with soluble organic carbon were (r =-0.795** and -0.820**), respectively; Actinobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were significantly negatively correlated with soil salinity and significantly positively correlated with soil microbial biomass carbon and dissolved organic carbon. Factor analysis showed that soil salinity, pH, microbial biomass and soluble organic carbon were main environmental factors on the soil bacterial community structure, total explaining 97% of the community changes. The order of contribution rate was soil SC＞pH＞MBC＞SOC.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive consideration, the 2-3 years with autumn irrigation (AUI2) treatment could not only effectively reduce the soil salinity and significantly increase the microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon content in 0-40cm soil layer, but also improve the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria. In summary, the autumn irrigation (AUI2) was an optimization measure for the improvement of saline soil and water conservation in Hetao area.

Key words: autumn irrigation, soil bacterial, community structure, bacterial diversity, saline-alkali soil, IlluminaMiSeq, Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District

ZHANG XiaoLi,ZHANG HongYuan,LU Chuang,PANG HuanCheng,JIN CunWang,GAO Xi,CHENG AiPing,LI YuYi. Effects of the Different Autumn Irrigation Years on Soil Bacterial Community in Hetao Irrigation District[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(19): 3380-3392.

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土层深度 Soil depth (cm)	处理 Treatment	全盐 Salt content (g·kg^-1)	pH	微生物量碳 Microbial biomass C (mg·kg^-1)	可溶性有机碳 Soluble organic C (mg·kg^-1)
0-10	CK	2.62±0.14a	8.62±0.02b	12.98±0.11d	36.42±0.11e
	AUI1	1.57±0.01d	8.52±0.03c	20.49±0.43b	57.83±0.35a
	AUI2	1.69±0.01c	8.33±0.08d	23.17±0.23a	49.27±0.26b
	AUI3	2.13±0.01b	8.44±0.08c	14.15±0.12c	43.26±0.28c
	AUI4	2.23±0.01b	9.11±0.10a	20.36±0.13b	40.53±0.27d
10-20	CK	2.42±0.01a	8.59±0.03b	10.43±0.12e	36.76±0.24e
	AUI1	0.76±0.01e	8.68±0.02b	30.27±0.17a	60.27±0.19a
	AUI2	1.86±0.03d	8.27±0.04d	22.66±0.12b	51.19±0.21b
	AUI3	2.11±0.01c	8.40±0.03c	16.10±0.11c	39.40±0.26d
	AUI4	2.23±0.01b	9.11±0.10a	12.53±0.12d	41.62±0.25c
20-30	CK	2.12±0.03b	8.52±0.02c	3.53±0.08e	34.35±0.18e
	AUI1	0.80±0.01e	8.67±0.01b	34.31±0.09a	43.71±0.19b
	AUI2	1.99±0.01d	8.42±0.01d	18.84±0.11b	45.37±0.23a
	AUI3	2.29±0.01a	8.54±0.03c	11.50±0.08c	35.64±0.21d
	AUI4	2.05±0.02c	9.29±0.11a	9.95±0.11d	42.14±0.18c
30-40	CK	2.13±0.04c	8.73±0.06b	2.70±0.08e	36.45±0.19c
	AUI1	0.72±0.01e	8.73±0.02b	19.55±0.06a	51.87±0.18a
	AUI2	3.00±0.01a	8.31±0.05d	9.03±0.07b	40.51±0.21b
	AUI3	2.69±0.01b	8.60±0.03c	5.13±0.11c	34.32±0.18d
	AUI4	1.75±0.04d	9.34±0.03a	4.63±0.10d	40.22±0.15b

处理 Treatment	香浓指数 Shannon index	辛普森指数 Simpson index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index
CK	9.838±0.098a	0.995±0.003a	4263.408±101.738d	4291.645±62.989d
AUI1	9.769±0.204a	0.997±0.002a	5548.561±101.265a	5546.485±65.158a
AUI2	9.779±0.109a	0.997±0.003a	4860.985±118.970b	4828.625±51.736b
AUI3	9.879±0.097a	0.997±0.002a	4686.787±102.399c	4675.784±57.807c
AUI4	9.832±0.103a	0.997±0.001a	4313.685±103.203d	4319.209±65.483d

微生物类群 Microbial Population	全盐 Salinity	pH	微生物量碳 Microbial biomass C	可溶性有机碳 Soluble organic C
变形菌门Proteobacteria	0.420	0.483	-0.559*	-0.522*
酸杆菌门Acidobacteria	0.135	-0.356	-0.066	-0.133
拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes	-0.249	0.141	0.341	0.421
芽单胞菌门Gemmatimonadetes	0.132	-0.445	0.103	0.154
放线菌门Actinobacteria	-0.620*	0.187	0.618*	0.649**
奇古菌门Thaumarchaeota	-0.719**	-0.494	0.694**	0.631*
绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	0.765**	0.335	-0.795**	-0.820**
浮霉菌门Planctomycetes	0.296	-0.506	-0.166	-0.193
疣微菌门Verrucomicrobia	-0.679**	-0.052	0.570*	0.532*
厚壁菌门Firmicutes	-0.559*	0.083	0.436	0.438

Effects of the Different Autumn Irrigation Years on Soil Bacterial Community in Hetao Irrigation District

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