添加玉米秸秆对旱作土壤团聚体及其有机碳含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.09.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To understand the regularity of aggregation and organic carbon changes after adding straw in long-term conventional tillage soil and to explore the main reason of improved soil organic carbon, the effects of straw incorporation on soil aggregates and the organic carbon content in aggregate were determined, so as to provide theoretical basis for carbon fixation in dryland agriculture.【Method】 An in-lab incubation experiment was conducted for 180 days in a constant temperature incubator at 25℃ with the soil collected from conventional tillage and no-tillage field plot. Four treatments were set up, namely conventional soil without straw (CT), no-tillage soil without straw (NT), conventional tillage soil with straw (CTS) and no-till soil with straw (NTS). Each treatment was sampled 15 replicates periodically for aggregate and organic carbon determinations. The straw was the aboveground parts of maize collected from conventional tillage, and the dosage was 5% dry soil weight.【Result】 (1) Aggregate in CT and NT were dominated by 250-53 μm fraction, accounting for 52%-66% of total aggregates, while in CTS and NTS, the aggregates were dominated by 2 000-250 μm fraction, accounting for 41%-50% of total aggregates. CTS and NTS improved 2 000-250 μm aggregate by 230%-302% and 92%-134% relative to CT and NT, respectively. (2) Straw incorporation significantly increased the mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) and macro-aggregate content (R_0.25) of water-table aggregates. In the 180th day, CTS increased 133%, 130%, and 235%, respectively; compared with CT, NTS increased 53%, 75% and 87%, respectively, compared with NT. (3) In the 180th day, compared with CT, CTS increased the organic carbon content in aggregate of 250-53 μm and <53 μm by 70% and 54%, respectively, and compared with NT, NTS increased in the same aggregates by 30% and 25%, respectively. (4) The contribution of organic carbon in 2 000-250 μm aggregate to soil organic carbon was significantly increased by CTS and NTS, with improvement of 49%-61% and 50%-60%, respectively, which was more affected by aggregate composition. 【Conclusion】 The addition of straw could effectively increase the content of macroaggregates (>250 μm) in the dryland, enhance its stability and increase the contribution of macroaggregates to soil organic carbon, and had a greater effect on the conventional tillage soil.

Key words: straw addition, dryland soil, aggregate, organic carbon

WANG BiSheng,YU WeiShui,WU XuePing,GAO LiLi,LI Jing,LI ShengPing,SONG XiaoJun,LIU CaiCai,LI Qian,LIANG GuoPeng,CAI DianXiong,ZHANG JiZong. Effect of Straw Addition on the Formation of Aggregates and Accumulation of Organic Carbon in Dryland Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(9): 1553-1563.

Figures/Tables 5

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Table 1

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Table 2

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培养时间 Incubation time (d)	处理Treatment	MWD (mm)	GMD (mm)	R_0.25 (%)
0	CT	0.26±0.00b	0.13±0.00b	14.34±0.46b
	NT	0.43±0.01a	0.17±0.01a	16.28±0.42a
15	CT	0.24±0.00d	0.11±0.00c	13.12±0.16d
	NT	0.32±0.00c	0.15±0.00b	21.77±0.65c
	CTS	0.67±0.03a	0.28±0.01a	47.48±1.85a
	NTS	0.60±0.00b	0.27±0.01a	44.12±0.16b
30	CT	0.24±0.00d	0.12±0.00d	11.85±0.25d
	NT	0.33±0.00c	0.16±0.00c	20.36±0.19c
	CTS	0.66±0.01b	0.30±0.01b	44.35±0.54b
	NTS	0.72±0.01a	0.35±0.01a	50.62±0.67a
60	CT	0.24±0.00d	0.13±0.00d	12.30±0.31d
	NT	0.33±0.01c	0.17±0.00c	20.62±1.10c
	CTS	0.64±0.00a	0.34±0.00a	48.07±0.08a
	NTS	0.60±0.01b	0.32±0.00b	45.92±0.62b
90	CT	0.23±0.00c	0.12±0.00d	12.04±0.10c
	NT	0.35±0.01b	0.18±0.00c	22.74±0.89b
	CTS	0.64±0.00a	0.35±0.00b	49.40±0.59a
	NTS	0.66±0.01a	0.36±0.01a	50.93±0.63a
180	CT	0.26±0.00d	0.14±0.00d	13.43±0.44d
	NT	0.39±0.01c	0.20±0.01c	25.84±0.87c
	CTS	0.60±0.01b	0.32±0.00b	45.03±0.51b
	NTS	0.66±0.00a	0.36±0.00a	50.61±0.42a

培养时间 Incubation time	处理 Treatment	>2000 μm			2000—250 μm			250—53 μm			<53 μm
培养时间 Incubation time	处理 Treatment	W	P	OC	W	P	OC	W	P	OC	W	P	OC
15 d	CTS	2.2	2.7	6.7	17.7	30.5	-26.1	-20.7	-24.2	1.9	-9.6	-8.9	-3.1
	NTS	-1.4	-0.7	2.0	15.1	19.6	10.0	-8.3	-14.0	9.5	-5.7	-4.8	-0.2
30 d	CTS	3.4	3.1	7.4	26.2	26.9	-25.9	-11.4	-18.0	1.7	-8.7	-12.0	-1.8
	NTS	-0.2	0.9	-2.6	11.8	24.4	-4.1	-12.7	-15.2	8.4	-8.7	-10.2	-0.3
60 d	CTS	1.1	0.9	4.3	27.0	32.8	-28.2	-6.5	-16.9	2.5	-11.0	-16.8	-2.3
	NTS	-2.1	-1.5	-0.7	17.4	22.1	-4.3	-2.2	-8.8	9.6	-8.1	-11.8	1.4
90 d	CTS	0.3	0.3	1.5	28.9	34.7	-31.2	-12.5	-18.3	1.2	-11.8	-16.8	-3.1
	NTS	-2.1	-1.4	-5.0	21.2	27.0	-5.4	-7.0	-12.5	8.3	-9.3	-13.1	-0.4
180 d	CTS	0.7	0.5	16.5	26.5	30.2	-26.8	-4.9	-13.5	9.6	-11.1	-17.2	1.1
	NTS	-1.8	-1.1	-1.0	20.0	26.4	-5.9	-6.5	-11.0	7.5	-9.8	-14.3	0.0

Effect of Straw Addition on the Formation of Aggregates and Accumulation of Organic Carbon in Dryland Soil

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