根灌乙酸及葡萄酒对海水胁迫下葡萄光抑制的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.21.019

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to expand the effective utilization of salinized soil and improve the quality of grape growth and development in salinized soil, the effects of acetic acid and wine on leaf photoinhibition under 15% seawater stress were studied. The result will provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the improvement of grape cultivation techniques in salinized soil. 【Method】One-year old potted ‘Moldova’ seedlings were grown in plastic pots (with a diameter of 20 cm, and a height of 18 cm). The ratio of soil to substrate in each pot was 1﹕1 and the pots were placed in greenhouse. The culture conditions of the greenhouse were as follows: the average daily temperature was about 25℃, the light transmittance was more than 50% of natural light intensity, the maximum light intensity was 800 μmol·m ^-2·s ^-1, the relative humidity was 40%-60%, and the normal fertilizer and water was managed until 8-10 pieces of fully expanded leaves, then the seawater and exogenous acetic acid were used. The plants were irrigated with 15% seawater, 30 mmol·L ^-1 exogenous acetic acid and 2% wine at the same time, each treatment repeated 5 times, the controls were treated with clear water. Each treatment was irrigated every 2 days and 3 times, the irrigation amount was 2 times of water holding capacity, and about 1/3 of the solution leaked out, chlorophyll fluorescence indicators were determined on the 2nd day of irrigation, after 10 days treatment, the effects of the two methods on malondialdehyde (MDA) content, chlorophyll content, and root activity under seawater stress were analyzed.【Result】15% seawater treatment significantly decreased the chlorophyll content of leaf and root activity, but increased MDA content of root, stem and leaf. Compared with clear water control, the chlorophyll content decreased by 18.5% and root activity decreased by 41.9%. MDA content of root, stem and leaf increased by 1.10, 0.27 and 0.41 times, respectively. However, 30 mmol·L ^-1 acetic acid and 2% wine treatments significantly decreased the MDA content in grape. The MDA content in root, stem and leaf of grape treated with acetic acid decreased by 29.3%, 20.6% and 15.8%, respectively, compared with that of seawater stress, and the MDA content in root, stem and leaf of grape treated with wine decreased by 29.4%, 20.2% and 25.2%, respectively, compared with that of seawater stress. Irrigated with acetic acid and wine significantly increased the leaf chlorophyll content and root activity. Compared with seawater stress treatment, the root activity increased by 68.4% and 56.9%, and the chlorophyll content increased by 18.8% and 20.3%, respectively. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence showed that 15% seawater treatment decreased the levels of photosystem II (PSII) maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and the maximum photo-oxidizable P700 (P_m). The Pm on the 3rd, 6th, and 9th day decreased by 5.0%, 9.6% and 13.0% compared with the control, the levels of photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and PSII actual photochemical efficiency (YII) decreased gradually, but the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation Y (NPQ) and the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation Y (NO) increased gradually. The nonphotochemical quantum yield due to PSI donor side limitation Y (ND) changed little, but the nonphotochemical quantum yield due to PSI acceptor side limitation Y (NA) increased gradually, resulting in the decrease of PSI actual photochemical efficiency Y (I). The irrigation of 30 mmol·L ^-1 acetic acid and 2% wine significantly relieved the stress of 15% seawater. The actual photochemical efficiency of PSI and PSII increased significantly, meanwhile the energy dissipated through heat decreased, then enhanced the efficiency of light energy utilization of grape leaves, in which 2% wine treatment showed a more obvious alleviated effect.【Conclusion】Irrigation of acetic acid and wine significantly improved root activity and chlorophyll content, which alleviated the photoinhibition level and improved the adaptability of grape to saline environment. The results provided a theoretical basis for the use of extract of wine lees to improvement of coastal saline soil.

Key words: grape, seawater, photoinhibition, acetic acid, wine, chlorophyll fluorescence

Hui WANG,YuLu GAO,Meng YU,YuanPeng DU,YongJiang SUN,Heng ZHAI. Effect of Root Irrigation of Acetic Acid and Wine on Photoinhibition of Grape Under Seawater Stress[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(21): 4210-4218.

Figures/Tables 6

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处理 Treatment	土壤pH Soil pH	土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g·cm^-2)	土壤含水量 Soil moisture content (%)
清水对照Clear water control	7.48±0.06a	0.89±0.04a	21.6±1.6a
海水Seawater	7.53±0.08a	0.94±0.03a	24.6±3.4a
乙酸+海水Acetic acid + seawater	7.42±0.06a	0.86±0.09a	23.0±1.1a
葡萄酒+海水Wine + seawater	7.44±0.06a	0.83±0.04a	22.5±3.4a

处理 Treatment	丙二醛含量Malondialdehyde content (μmol·g^-1FW )
处理 Treatment	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf
清水对照Clear water control	6.76±0.06c	8.34±0.04b	12.44±0.04d
海水Seawater	14.20±0.03a	10.58±0.09a	17.52±0.09a
乙酸+海水Acetic acid + seawater	10.04±0.03b	8.40±0.03b	14.76±0.07b
葡萄酒+海水Wine + seawater	10.02±0.03b	8.44±0.06b	13.10±0.09c

Effect of Root Irrigation of Acetic Acid and Wine on Photoinhibition of Grape Under Seawater Stress

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