缓释氮肥一次性施肥对单季稻氮素吸收和产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.20.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the stable-yield effect and mechanism of one-off fertilization of slow-released nitrogen fertilizer (SRF) in the single-season rice, and to screen the suitable types of SRF in the single-rice system. 【Method】 To determine the differences in rice yield, dynamic changes in soil N supply and N uptake by rice during the rice-growing season between one-off fertilization of slow-released fertilizers (stabilized fertilizer, NIU; resin coated urea, RCU; and polyurethane coated urea, PCU; 225 kg·hm^-2) and split application of urea (Urea, 270 kg·hm^-2), we carried out 11 field plot trials in a single-crop rice system at the Lincheng and Taihu Xincheng of Changxin county and Jiangtang of Jinhua county, in the Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2016. 【Result】 (1) The results showed that the rice yield in N0 treatment was 83.9% of that in Urea treatment. The mean N use efficiency (NUE) in the Urea treatment was 19.2%-20.1% at the three sites. No significant difference was found in average rice yield between the one-off fertilization of SRFs and Urea. (2) There were no significant differences in the N concentration in rice plant and N uptake by rice among the RCU, PCU and Urea treatments at Lincheng and Taihu Xincheng, while the N concentration in rice plant was significantly lower in the NIU treatment than in the Urea treatment. All the N concentrations in grain were significantly lower in the three SRFs treatments than that in the Urea treatment at Jinhua. (3) The rice yield was significantly higher in the RCU treatment than in both PCU and NIU treatment. The coefficient of variation of rice yield was relatively low in the RCU treatment. In the late stage of rice growing, the soil ammonium-N and N uptake intensity was significantly higher in the RCU treatment than that in the Urea treatment, respectively. Application of SRFs increased the N use efficiency by 2.8%-9.0%, compared to the Urea treatment. 【Conclusion】 Based on the basic soil fertility and conventional N application rate, one-off fertilization of RCU, PCU or NIU, reducing N rate by 16.7%, could maintain the grain yield of rice. Thus, one-off fertilization of slow release fertilizer was an alternative N management in single-rice system.

Key words: slow-release N fertilizer, one-off fertilization, single-season rice, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency

Qiang WANG, LiNa JIANG, JianQing PAN, JianQiang LI, JunWei MA, Jing YE, Ping ZOU. Yield and Nitrogen Adsorption of Single-Cropping Rice as Influenced by One-off Fertilization of Slow-Released Nitrogen Fertilizer[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(20): 3951-3960.

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References 31

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2013	太湖新城 THXC	淹育型水稻土 Submerged paddy soil	砂质壤土 Sandy loam	5.79	37.05	2.36	212.6	105.2	162.0
2014	林城 LC	潜育型水稻土 Gleyed paddy soil	粉砂质黏土 Silty clay	5.64	35.25	2.11	239.7	20.3	69.0
2014	太湖新城 THXC	淹育型水稻土 Submerged paddy soil	砂质壤土 Sandy loam	5.83	39.80	2.52	203.5	58.4	207.0
2014	金华 JH	潴育型水稻土 Waterlogged paddy soil	粉砂质黏壤土 Silty clay loam	4.89	28.88	1.93	161.3	51.6	101.0
2015	林城 LC	潜育型水稻土 Gleyed paddy soil	粉砂质黏土 Silty clay	5.26	32.70	2.01	232.76	12.5	54.8
2015	太湖新城 THXC	淹育型水稻土 Submerged paddy soil	砂质壤土 Sand loam	5.33	38.00	2.49	203.46	48.9	149.7
2015	金华 JH	潴育型水稻土 Waterlogged paddy soil	粉砂质黏壤土 Silty clay loam	5.10	22.50	1.82	191.07	38.7	40.9
2016	林城 LC	潜育型水稻土 Gleyed paddy soil	粉砂质黏土 Silty clay	5.99	29.03	1.91	188.72	7.20	49.83
2016	太湖新城 THXC	淹育型水稻土 Submerged paddy soil	砂质壤土 Sandy loam	5.69	38.11	2.31	255.86	27.31	166.29
2016	金华 JH	潴育型水稻土 Waterlogged paddy soil	粉砂质黏壤土 Silty clay loam	4.88	27.04	1.84	147.23	20.01	62.79

处理 Treatment		不施氮 N0	尿素分次施肥 Urea	稳定性肥料一次性施肥 NIU	树脂包膜尿素一次性施肥 RCU	聚氨酯包膜尿素一次性施肥 PCU
试验点 Sits	太湖新城 THXC（n=4）	5851.8±348.8c (6.0)	7221.8±159.1ab (2.2)	6929.9±598.6b (8.6)	7524.1±78.0a (1.0)	6940.0±120.4b (1.7)
	林城 LC（n=4）	6736.7±864.4b (12.8)	8152.3±797.2a (9.8)	8076.6±934.2a (11.6)	8255.2±757.8a (9.2)	8082.5±1029.6a (12.7)
	金华 JH（n=3）	7901.0±816.0b (10.3)	8911.0±1459.2a (16.4)	8838.2±1491.7a (16.9)	8862.5±1431.6a (16.2)	8859.2±1435.4a (16.2)
	总平均 Mean（n=11）	6732.5±1055.3c (15.7)	8020.9±1060.2ab (13.2)	7867.3±1210.8b (15.4)	8155.0±947.3a (11.6)	7878.9±1179.2b (15.0)
年度 Year	2013年（n=2）	6673.8±1643.0 (24.6)	8203.3±1367.2 (16.7)	7451.3±2002.2 (26.9)	8322.0±1262.9 (15.2)	8072.3±1621.0 (20.1)
	2014年（n=3）	6810.4±1451.9c (21.3)	8980.3±1864.1b (20.8)	8801.0±2027.7a (23.0)	8978.4±1701.9a (19.0)	8644.2±2076.6a (24.0)
	2015年（n=3）	7012.0±1150.5b (16.4)	7874.1±749.4a (9.5)	8060.8±735.4a (9.1)	8113.0±565.9a (7.0)	7910.2±947.8a (12.0)
	2016年（n=3）	6414.2±711.0b (11.1)	7672.6±439.2a (5.7)	7710.5±566.4a (4.7)	7801.3±365.1a (4.7)	7593.9±500.7a (6.6)
S		0.000
Y		0.000
T		0.000
S×Y		0.000
S×T		0.578
S×T		0.575
S×Y×T		0.661

Yield and Nitrogen Adsorption of Single-Cropping Rice as Influenced by One-off Fertilization of Slow-Released Nitrogen Fertilizer

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