保护性耕作对西北旱区土壤微生物空间分布及土壤理化性质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.05.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Conservation tillage has been applied widely in the arid region of Northwest China, it is an important technical measure of agricultural production, explorating the effect of conservation tillage on soil fertility and soil microbial community structure and will help the sustainable development of agricultural production. This experiment from the angle of the combination of soil physico-chemical properties and microorganism to investigate the effect of conservation tillage on soil microbial spatial structure, and the relevance of abundance of microbial communities and soil physico-chemical properties of dryland wheat field, providing a theoretical basis and practical support measures for the promotion of conservation tillage.【Method】In this experiment, the soil of arid region in Northwest China was used as the research object, compared to conservational plow tillage (PT), two kinds of conservation tillage methods, including chisel plow tillage(CPT) and zero tillage(ZT) were designed, the indicators of soil physico-chemical properties and the abundance of microbial communities were measured by using real-time PCR, and the relations between the spatial distribution of microbial communities and soil physico-chemical properties and conservation tillage were analyzed.【Result】Long-term conservation tillage had a significant effect on the environment of dryland wheat field, the abundance of soil fungi and bacterial communities had different effects with different tillage methods, they showed different levels of response to the three tillages. In different tillage methods, the spatial distribution of soil microbe was uneven, continuity was poor, higher spatial variability, and showed a strong spatial aggregated distribution. There were also significant effects of tillage method on soil physico-chemical properties and enzyme activities, compared with traditional tillage, chisel plow tillage and zero tillage could significantly improve soil clay, water, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen content and urease and invertase activities. The results of canonical principal component analysis (CPCA) showed that the changes of soil microbial community abundance and physico-chemical properties were mainly affected by tillage methods, and the soil microbial community abundance is closely related to physico-chemical properties, under the zero tillage mode, the content of soil clay, water and ammonium nitrogen significantly affected the distribution of soil bacterial community, and under chisel plow tillage mode, the content of soil soluble carbon and the activity of catalase significantly affected the distribution of soil fungal communities.【Conclusion】Using conservation tillage in dryland wheat field could affect the abundance and the spatial distribution of soil microbial communities, and significantly affected soil physico-chemical properties, and then affecting the spatial structure of soil microbes. Simultaneously, soil moisture and the contents of carbon and nitrogen were respectively significantly affected soil bacteria and fungi community abundance.

Key words: conservation tillage, soil microbial, spatial distribution, community abundance, soil physico-chemical properties, Northwest Dryland

LI Tong, WANG ZiTing, LIU Lu, LIAO YunCheng, LIU Yang, HAN Juan. Effect of Conservation Tillage Practices on Soil Microbial Spatial Distribution and Soil Physico-Chemical Properties of the Northwest Dryland[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(5): 859-870.

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