Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (11): 2314-2324.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.11.002

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Screening of GmBI-1 Interacting Proteins and Functional Analysis of GmNod44 in Soybean Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation

KE DanXia(), HOU ShiBo, ZHOU ZhaoYuan, LIN JiaNuo, SONG XiaoLi, ZHANG KeXin   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan
  • Received:2025-11-03 Accepted:2026-01-07 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-06-03

RichHTML

11

PDF

21

Abstract:

【Objective】Soybean is an important source of plant protein and a key crop in cereal-legume intercropping systems. Unlocking its biological nitrogen fixation potential holds profound significance for promoting sustainable ecological agriculture. Our previous research identified a soybean apoptosis inhibitor, GmBI-1, which forms a heteroprotein complex with the soybean nodulation factor receptor GmNFR1α and plays a positive regulatory role during early rhizobial infection. This study aims to screen for proteins interacting with GmBI-1 using a yeast two-hybrid library and investigate their functions in the nodulation and nitrogen fixation process, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular regulatory network of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean. 【Method】 The yeast two-hybrid system was employed to screen an AD-cDNA library from soybean roots and root nodules, aiming to isolate and identify potential interacting proteins of GmBI-1. The identified interacting proteins were annotated and functionally predicted, followed by analysis of their tissue-specific expression. Taking one of the library proteins, GmNod44, as the research target, bioinformatics analysis was conducted on it. Further validation of the interaction between GmBI-1 and GmNod44 was performed using yeast two-hybrid retesting (Y2H) and tobacco in vivo luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) assays. Additionally, co-localization of GmBI-1 and GmNod44 proteins was observed in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Moreover, GmNod44 was overexpressed using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation in soybean to investigate its biological function in nodulation and nitrogen fixation.【Result】Screening of the yeast two-hybrid library identified 18 potential interacting proteins of GmBI-1, including late nodulins, leghemoglobins, serine/ threonine protein kinases, cysteine oxidases, cytidine triphosphate synthases, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and other proteins related to immunity and post-translational modifications. Tissue expression analysis revealed that six genes exhibited relatively high expression levels in roots, while four genes showed higher expression in root nodules. Among them, GmNod44 was specifically and highly expressed in root nodules. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that soybean GmNod44 shares the highest homology with wild soybean GsNod22. GmNod44 and GmBI-1 were confirmed to interact in both yeast and tobacco in vivo assays and were co-localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Following overexpression of GmNod44, the number of nodules on composite soybean hairy roots significantly increased, and the expression levels of the interacting gene GmBI-1 and three nodulation marker genes-Apyrase GS52, Calmodulin, and Lb1-were significantly upregulated. Nitrogenase and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme activities in the nodules markedly rose, while cysteine protease activity significantly decreased. The above results indicate that overexpression of GmNod44 can promote soybean nodulation, enhance the nitrogen fixation capacity of nodules, and delay nodule senescence. 【Conclusion】The late nodulin GmNod44 interacts with the apoptosis inhibitor GmBI-1 and positively regulates the process of nodulation and nitrogen fixation in soybean.

Key words: soybean, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, GmBI-1, yeast two-hybrid, GmNod44

Table 1

The primers used in this study"

引物名称Primer name 引物序列Sequence of primer (5′-3′)
F-GmBI-1 ATGGACACTTTCTTCAAGTCC
R-GmBI-1 TTAATCTCTCCTCCTCTTCTTC
F-GmBI-1-BD CATG CCATGGATGGACACTTTCTTCAAG
R-GmBI-1-BD GC GTCGACTTAATCTCTCCTCCTC
F-GmBI-1-cLUC GG GGTACCATGGACACTTTCTTCAAG
R-GmBI-1-cLUC GC GTCGACTTAATCTCTCCTCCTC
F-GmNod44-nLUC GG GGTACCATGGAGAAAATGAGAG
R-GmNod44-nLUC CG GGATCCTCATATTCTGAGGTGAG
F-GmBI-1-GFP CGC GGATCCATGGACACTTTCTTC
R-GmBI-1-GFP GAC GTCGACATCTCTCCTCCTCTT
F-GmNod44-GFP CGG GGTACCATGGAGAAAATGAGAG
R-GmNod44-GFP TGC TCTAGATCATATTCTGAGGTGAG
F-GmNod44-RFP CTA GCTAGCATGGAGAAAATGAGAG
R-GmNod44-RFP TCC CCCGGGTCATATTCTGAGGTGAG
F-GmNod44-OX GG GGTACCATGGAGAAAATGAGAG
R-GmNod44-OX CG GGATCCTCATATTCTGAGGTGAG
F-GmNod44-rt GAATTTATCAAATGTGGGTAG
R-GmNod44-rt CATGAATTGCACAACACATG
F-Apyrase GS52-rt AAGATCTTCCCCAAACAGGAA
R-Apyrase GS52-rt CAAGTTCTGGTCGAAATGGAA
F-Calmodulin-rt TCTCCCAGTCCAAGATCACC
R-Calmodulin-rt GCCGATATTTTCCCATCTCC
F-Lb1-rt CTCCAAGCCCATGCTGAAAA
R-Lb1-rt TGGCATCTGCAAGTGTCACTTC
F-TefS1-rt CTCCAAGCCCATGCTGAAAA
R-TefS1-rt TGGCATCTGCAAGTGTCACTTC

Fig. 1

Construction of the bait plasmid pGBKT7-GmNod44, self-activation testing, and library screening A: Construction of the bait plasmid, M: Trans 2K PlusⅡ DNA marker, 1: Isolation of GmBI-1 cDNA, 2: pGBKT7-GmBI-1 digested by NcoⅠ and SalⅠ; B: Positive control (pGBKT7-53 and pGADT7-T); C: Negative control (pGBKT7-Lam and pGADT7-T); D: pGBKT7-GmBI-1 and pGADT7; E: Screening of the Y2H library"

Table 2

Functional annotation of candidate proteins"

编号
Number		 序列名
Sequence lD		 注释
Annotation		 预测功能
Predictive function
1 Glyma.16G130300 结瘤素-26b
Nodulin-26b		 介导水和小分子跨膜运输
Mediation of transmembrane transport of water and small molecules
2 Glyma.01G208200 RB7-5A型液泡膜内在蛋白
Aquaporin TIP-type RB7-5A		 介导水分及小分子物质运输
Transports of water and small molecules
3 Glyma.18G062900 肽基脯氨酰顺反异构酶亲环蛋白24
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-transisomerase CYP24		 作为分子伴侣催化蛋白质折叠
Chaperones catalyze protein folding
4 Glyma.03G177400 60S核糖体蛋白L18
60S ribosomal protein L18		 参与核糖体组装和蛋白质合成
Participates in ribosome assembly and protein synthesis
5 Glyma.15G217500 胞苷三磷酸合成酶
CTP synthase		 为核酸合成和磷脂代谢提供底物
Provide substrates for nucleic acid synthesis and phospholipid metabolism
6 Glyma.09G015400 丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PKL2		 参与信号转导
Mediates signal transduction
7 Glyma.09G240100 半胱氨酸氧化酶2
Cysteine oxidase 2		 氧气感知和低氧应激响应的核心组件
Central to oxygen sensing and hypoxia signaling
8 Glyma.09G038500 几丁质酶类似蛋白2 Chitinase-like protein 2 调控免疫应答 Regulates immune response
9 Glyma.10G199100 豆血红蛋白A
Leghemoglobin A		 调节根瘤内部的氧浓度
Regulates the oxygen concentration inside the root nodule
10 Glyma.18G092300 转运蛋白 SEC13 Transport protein SEC13 介导蛋白质从内质网向高尔基体的运输 Mediates ER-to-Golgi transport
11 Glyma.03G142300 40S核糖体蛋白S3a
40S ribosomal protein S3a		 核糖体组装与蛋白质合成
Ribosome assembly and protein synthesis
12 Glyma.10G251900 E2泛素结合酶
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2		 介导信号蛋白的泛素化降解
Mediates the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of signaling proteins
13 Glyma.09G205900 RNA结合蛋白34
RNA-binding protein 34		 通过结合RNA分子参与转录后调控
Involves in post transcriptional regulation by binding RNA molecules
14 Glyma.04G127900 壁薄1相关蛋白
WAT1-related protein		 调控木质部的次级细胞壁形成
Regulates the formation of secondary cell walls in xylem
15 Glyma.10G007600 结瘤素-44 Nodulin-44 参与共生过程Participates in the symbiotic process
16 Glyma.12G093100 转录复合体亚基CAF1
CCR4-associated factor 1		 参与mRNA的降解
Participates in mRNA degradation
17 Glyma.13G117900 多聚泛素Polyubiquitin (SUBl-2) 参与蛋白质降解Participates in protein degradation
18 Glyma.12G036800 V型质子ATP酶蛋白脂质亚基
V-type proton ATPase proteolipid subunit		 参与形成质子传导通道
Participates in the formation of proton conduction channels

Fig. 2

Bioinformatics analysis of candidate genes A: Expression analysis of potential interacting genes in different tissues, 1-14 represent young leaf, flower, 1 cm pod, pod shell at 10 DAF, pod shell at 14 DAF, seed at 10 DAF, seed at 14 DAF, seed at 21 DAF, seed at 25 DAF, seed at 28 DAF, seed at 35 DAF, seed at 42 DAF, root, and nodule; B: 3D structure prediction of the GmNod44 protein; C: Phylogenetic tree of GmNod44 protein and its homologs. Gm: Glycine max; Gs: Glycine soja; Va: Vigna angularis"

Fig. 3

Interaction between GmBI-1 and GmNod44 A: Yeast two-hybrid analysis of interaction between GmBI-1 and GmNod44; B: LCI analysis of interaction between GmBI-1 and GmNod44"

Fig. 4

Colocalization of GmBI-1 and GmNod44 proteins in Arabidopsis protoplasts"

Fig. 5

Phenotypic analysis of nodulation and expression analysis of related genes in GmNod44-OX transgenic hairy roots A, C: Representative images of nodules from the hairy roots expressing pU1301; B, D: Representative images of nodules from the hairy roots expressing GmNod44-OX. Bars=10 mm (A, B), Bars=5 mm (C, D). The red arrow indicates the nodules on the hairy root; E: Mean numbers of nodules per plant with standard error (SE) at 30 days post inoculation. The number of scored plants per sample is 20; E: qPCR analysis of the transcript levels of GmNod44, GmBI-1, Apyrase GS52, Calmodulin and Lb1 in the control and transgenic hairy roots. **: P<0.01. The same as below"

Fig. 6

Effects of GmNod44 overexpression on nodule vitality A: Determination of nitrogenase activity; B: Measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; C: Measurement of peroxidase (POD) activity; D: Determination of cysteine protease activity"

[1]
BISWAS B, GRESSHOFF P M, BISWAS B, GRESSHOFF P M. The role of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in sustainable production of biofuels. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014, 15(5): 7380-7397.

doi: 10.3390/ijms15057380 pmid: 24786096
[2]
LUO Z P, LIU H Y, XIE F. Cellular and molecular basis of symbiotic nodule development. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2023, 76: 102478.

doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102478
[3]
INDRASUMUNAR A, KERESZT A, SEARLE I, MIYAGI M, LI D X, NGUYEN C D T, MEN A, CARROLL B J, GRESSHOFF P M. Inactivation of duplicated nod factor receptor 5 (NFR5) genes in recessive loss-of-function non-nodulation mutants of allotetraploid soybean (Glycine max LMerr.). Plant & Cell Physiology, 2010, 51(2): 201-214.
[4]
INDRASUMUNAR A, SEARLE I, LIN M H, KERESZT A, MEN A, CARROLL B J, GRESSHOFF P M. Nodulation factor receptor kinase 1α controls nodule organ number in soybean (Glycine max LMerr). The Plant Journal, 2011, 65(1): 39-50.

doi: 10.1111/tpj.2010.65.issue-1
[5]
WATANABE N, LAM E. Bax Inhibitor-1, a conserved cell death suppressor, is a key molecular switch downstream from a variety of biotic and abiotic stress signals in plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2009, 10(7): 3149-3167.

doi: 10.3390/ijms10073149 pmid: 19742129
[6]
ANWAR S, SIDDIQUE R, AHMAD S, HAIDER M Z, ALI H, SAMI A, LUCAS R S, SHAFIQ M, NISA B U, JAVED B, et al. Genome wide identification and characterization of Bax inhibitor-1 gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under biotic and abiotic stress. BMC Genomics, 2024, 25(1): 1032.

doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10704-5 pmid: 39497028
[7]
ISHIKAWA T, WATANABE N, NAGANO M, KAWAI-YAMADA M, LAM E. Bax inhibitor-1: A highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum-resident cell death suppressor. Cell Death & Differentiation, 2011, 18(8): 1271-1278.
[8]
XU G Y, WANG S S, HAN S J, XIE K, WANG Y, LI J L, LIU Y L. Plant Bax Inhibitor-1 interacts with ATG6 to regulate autophagy and programmed cell death. Autophagy, 2017, 13(7): 1161-1175.

doi: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1320633 pmid: 28537463
[9]
LU P P, YU T F, ZHENG W J, CHEN M, ZHOU Y B, CHEN J, MA Y Z, XI Y J, XU Z S. The wheat Bax inhibitor-1 protein interacts with an aquaporin TaPIP1 and enhances disease resistance in Arabidopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018, 9: 20.

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00020
[10]
HOEFLE C, LOEHRER M, SCHAFFRATH U, FRANK M, SCHULTHEISS H, HÜCKELHOVEN R. Transgenic suppression of cell death limits penetration success of the soybean rust fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi into epidermal cells of barley. Phytopathology, 2009, 99(3): 220-226.

doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-3-0220
[11]
HERNÁNDEZ-LÓPEZ A, DÍAZ M, RODRÍGUEZ-LÓPEZ J, GUILLÉN G, SÁNCHEZ F, DÍAZ-CAMINO C. Uncovering Bax inhibitor-1 dual role in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis in common bean roots. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2019, 70(3): 1049-1061.

doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery417
[12]
JIN F X, KE D X, LU L, HU Q Q, ZHANG C J, LI C, LIANG W W, YUAN S L, CHEN H F. Suppression of nodule formation by RNAi knock-down of bax inhibitor-1a in Lotus japonicus. Genes, 2025, 16(1): 58.

doi: 10.3390/genes16010058
[13]
YUAN S L, KE D X, LIU B, ZHANG M K, LI X Y, CHEN H F, ZHANG C J, HUANG Y, SUN S, SHEN J F, et al. The Bax inhibitor GmBI-1α interacts with a Nod factor receptor and plays a dual role in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2023, 74(18): 5820-5839.

doi: 10.1093/jxb/erad276 pmid: 37470327
[14]
YOO S D, CHO Y H, SHEEN J. Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts: A versatile cell system for transient gene expression analysis. Nature Protocols, 2007, 2(7): 1565-1572.
[15]
KERESZT A, LI D X, INDRASUMUNAR A, NGUYEN C D, NONTACHAIYAPOOM S, KINKEMA M, GRESSHOFF P M. Agrobacterium rhizogenes -mediated transformation of soybean to study root biology. Nature Protocols, 2007, 2(4): 948-952.

doi: 10.1038/nprot.2007.141 pmid: 17446894
[16]
XU Q Z, WANG X, WANG N, LI S N, YAO X L, KUANG H Q, QIU Z M, KE D X, YANG W Q, GUAN Y F. Nitrogen inhibition of nitrogenase activity involves the modulation of cytosolic invertase in soybean nodule. Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 2024, 51(12): 1404-1412.

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.013 pmid: 38950857
[17]
ADHIKARI B, GAYRAL M, HERATH V, BEDSOLE C O, KUMAR S, BALL H, ATALLAH O, SHAW B, PAJEROWSKA-MUKHTAR K M, et al. bZIP60 and Bax inhibitor 1 contribute IRE1-dependent and independent roles to potexvirus infection. The New Phytologist, 2024, 243(3): 1172-1189.

doi: 10.1111/nph.v243.3
[18]
LIU X, GUO N, LI S S, DUAN M M, WANG G X, ZONG M, HAN S, WU Z H, LIU F, ZHANG J J. Characterization of the bax inhibitor-1 family in cauliflower and functional analysis of BobBIL4. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, 25(17): 9562.

doi: 10.3390/ijms25179562
[19]
WANG D P, JIN R, SHI X B, GUO H R, TAN X H, ZHAO A C, LIAN X H, DAI H L, LI S Z, XIN K X, et al. A kinase mediator of rhizobial symbiosis and immunity in Medicago. Nature, 2025, 643(8072): 768-775.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-09057-0
[20]
元占鑫. 基于转录组测序解析GmNARK抑制大豆结瘤的分子调控网络[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2021.
YUAN Z X. The molecular regulatory network of transcriptome sequencing-based analysis of GmNARK in suppressing soybean nodulation[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2021. (in Chinese)
[21]
MERGAERT P, KERESZT A, KONDOROSI E. Gene expression in nitrogen-fixing symbiotic nodule cells in Medicago truncatula and other nodulating plants. The Plant Cell, 2020, 32(1): 42-68.

doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00494
[22]
JIANG S Y, JARDINAUD M F, GAO J P, PECRIX Y, WEN J Q, MYSORE K, XU P, SANCHEZ-CANIZARES C, RUAN Y T, LI Q J, et al. NIN-like protein transcription factors regulate leghemoglobin genes in legume nodules. Science, 2021, 374(6567): 625-628.

doi: 10.1126/science.abg5945 pmid: 34709882
[23]
ZHANG L, ZHU Q, TAN Y H, DENG M M, ZHANG L, CAO Y R, GUO X L. Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase CDL1 to regulate soybean basal immunity. The Plant Cell, 2024, 36(4): 963-986.

doi: 10.1093/plcell/koae008 pmid: 38301274
[24]
周莉娜. 植物半胱氨酸氧化酶和硫化氢在拟南芥低氧胁迫应答反应中的功能及其机制研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2018.
ZHOU L N. The functions and their mechanisms of plant cysteine oxidases and hydrogen sulfide in response to low oxygen stress in Arabidopsis[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[25]
YOON J, CHO L H, KIM S R, TUN W, PENG X, PASRIGA R, MOON S, HONG W J, JI H, JUNG K H, et al. CTP synthase is essential for early endosperm development by regulating nuclei spacing. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2021, 19(11): 2177-2191.

doi: 10.1111/pbi.13644 pmid: 34058048
[26]
CHEN K, TANG W S, ZHOU Y B, XU Z S, CHEN J, MA Y Z, CHEN M, LI H Y. Overexpression of GmUBC9 gene enhances plant drought resistance and affects flowering time via histone H2B monoubiquitination. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020, 11: 555794.

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.555794
[27]
ZHANG W Q, LIU W Y, WANG K, CHENG H P, BAI X L, ZHANG J H, WEI G H, CHEN J. Persulfidation of host NADPH oxidase RbohB by rhizobial 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase maintains redox homeostasis and promotes symbiotic nodulation in soybean. Molecular Plant, 2025, 18(11): 1843-1863.

doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.013
[28]
柯丹霞, 彭昆鹏. 利用酵母双杂交系统筛选大豆结瘤因子受体NFR1α的互作蛋白. 作物学报, 2020, 46(1): 31-39.
KE D X, PENG K P. Screening of NFR1α-interactive proteins in soybean using yeast two hybrid system. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(1): 31-39. (in Chinese)

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94036
[1] CHEN XuanYi, GUO XingXing, ZHANG XiangQian, LU ZhanYuan, LIU LingYue, LUO Fang, LI JinLong, ZHANG ChuanLing, ZHANG ZhiQing, CHE ManQing. Impacts of Intercropping Row Patterns on the Heterogeneity of the Light Environment and Photosynthetic Product Production in Maize Canopy [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(8): 1653-1671.
[2] LI YongJuan, ZHANG YueTong, WANG YiBo, ZHAO ChangJiang, SONG Jie, CHEN XueLi, YAO Qin. Effects of Biochar Application on the Abundance and Community Composition of Nitrogen-Fixing Microbial nifH Gene in Soybean Rotation and Continuous Cropping Systems [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1272-1285.
[3] LIU FangDong, SUN Lei, WANG WuBin, ZHAO JinMing, GAI JunYi. Changes of Cropping System and Suggestions on Ecological Cultivation Regions of Soybeans in China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 486-498.
[4] CAI TingYang, ZHU YuPeng, LI RuiDong, WU ZongSheng, XU YiFan, SONG WenWen, XU CaiLong, WU CunXiang. Effects of Leaf-Cutting at Seedling Stage on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Pod Distribution and Yield Formation in Soybean in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 292-304.
[5] LIU ZhiYu, CHEN YiJie, YU Huan, SHEN MaoTing, QIU LiJuan, WANG Jun. QTL Mapping and Genomic Selection of Stay-Green in Soybean (Glycine max L.) [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(10): 2075-2087.
[6] WU Qiong, XIE XiangTing, WANG Lei, MOU Yong, LI JinWei. Development and Validation of Event-Specific PCR Method for the Quantification of Genetically Modified Soybean DBN8205 [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 29-40.
[7] LIU LuPing, HU XueJie, QI Jin, CHEN Qiang, LIU Zhi, ZHAO TianTian, SHI XiaoLei, LIU BingQiang, MENG QingMin, ZHANG MengChen, HAN TianFu, YANG ChunYan. Cloning of the Promoters and Analysis of Expression Patterns of Maturity Genes E1 and E2 in Soybean [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(5): 840-850.
[8] ZHENG YaQin, LIU XueQing, WU SiWen, TANG XiaoYan, YANG DanNi, WANG YongKang, AHMAD Aftab, KHAN Afrsyab, WANG ChengGang, CHEN GuoHu. Cloning and Expression of BcDET2 Gene and Functional of Its Regulatory Effect on Bolting and Flowering in Wucai (Brassica campestris L.) [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(5): 991-1003.
[9] ZHENG Yu, CHEN Yi, TI JinSong, SHI LongFei, XU XiaoBo, LI YuLin, GUO Rui. Evaluation of Carbon Footprint and Economic Benefit of Different Tobacco Rotation Patterns [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 733-747.
[10] ZHANG Qi, XUE FuZhen, YANG XiuJie, JIANG SuYang, HUANG XueJuan, MA JiaYi, ZHANG ZheWen, XU JieFei. Study on the Function of Soybean Nicotinamide Enzyme GmNIC1 Gene Under Saline Alkali Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5128-5142.
[11] MA HeXiao, GE GuoLong, ZHANG XiangQian, LU ZhanYuan, WANG ManXiu, RONG MeiRen, SHI JingJing, ZHANG DeJian, SUN XuePing. Effects of Different Crop Rotation Systems on Soil Readily Oxidized Organic Carbon and Carbon Pool Activity Differences [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5201-5215.
[12] GAO ChunHua, ZHAO HaiJun, ZHAO FengTao, KONG WeiLin, JU FeiYan, LI ZongXin, SHI DeYang, LIU Ping. Effect of Growth Regulators on the Stem Characteristics and Yield of Summer Maize in Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4920-4935.
[13] YANG ShuQi, ZHAO YingXing, QIAN Xin, ZHANG XuePeng, MENG WeiWei, SUI Peng, LI ZongXin, CHEN YuanQuan. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Maize-Soybean Intercropping Pattern in the Huang-Huai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4936-4951.
[14] FANG Jian, QIN ZhaoJi, YU YuanYuan, YU NingNing, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng, REN BaiZhao, ZHANG JiWang. Impacts of Varying Row Ratio Arrangements on Plant Performance, Stand Yield, and Comprehensive Benefits in Soybean-Maize Strip intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4841-4857.
[15] SONG XuHui, ZHAO XueYing, ZHAO Bin, REN BaiZhao, ZHANG JiWang, LIU Peng, REN Hao. Effects of Row Ratio Allocation on Light Distribution and Photosynthetic Production Capacity of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4858-4871.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备09089781号-30
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Tel: 86-010-82106279    E-mail: zgnykx@mail.caas.net.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd