miR-6497-x在调控小菜蛾对真菌感染反应中的作用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.08.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Background】 The phenoloxidase (PO) activation system is essential for insect innate immunity, particularly in pathogen defense, with prophenoloxidase-activating protease (PAP) being a key component that directly activates prophenoloxidase (proPO). However, research on these components in the insect PO activation system remains limited.【Objective】 The objectives of this study are to explore the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNA) in the phenoloxidase activation system of Plutella xylostella infected by Metarhizium anisopliae, and to provide new targets and approaches for pest control.【Method】 Bioinformatics was used to identify miRNAs targeting specific mRNAs. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to assess the transcription levels of miRNAs, PAP2, and PAP3 of P. xylostella at different time points post-infection with M. anisopliae (1×10⁶ CFU/mL). The regulatory effects of miRNAs on PAP2 and PAP3 were evaluated using a dual-luciferase system. Moths were injected with miRNA mimics or inhibitors and infected with M. anisopliae 12 h later. The expression levels of PAP2 and PAP3 were measured by qRT-PCR, while mortality and PO activity were also assessed.【Result】 miR-6497-x, miR-8545-x, novel-m0313-3p, and novel-m0592-5p target PAP3, while novel-m0042-5p, pxy-miR-2756-3p, and miR-9215-x target PAP2. A negative regulatory relationship between miRNAs and their target genes was observed at 24 and 48 h post-infection with M. anisopliae. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-6497-x, novel-m0313-3p, and novel-m0592-5p negatively regulated PAP3, while miR-9215-x significantly downregulated PAP2. In vivo injection of miR-6497-x mimic led to decreased PAP3 expression, increased larval mortality, and reduced PO activity within 12 to 48 h post-infection. Conversely, injection of miR-6497-x inhibitor resulted in upregulated PAP3 expression, decreased larval mortality, and increased PO activity. However, overexpression or inhibition of miR-9215-x did not significantly affect PAP2 expression, larval mortality, or PO activity compared to the control group during the same period post-infection.【Conclusion】 The miR-6497-x targeting PAP3 was screened and identified. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that miR-6497-x negatively regulates PAP3, thereby affecting the PO cascade. miR-6497-x plays a crucial role in modulating the immune defense of P. xylostella against M. anisopliae infection, which will provide a theoretical basis for biological control strategies targeting pest immune systems.

Key words: diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), non-coding RNA, phenoloxidase (PO), insect immunity, Metarhizium anisopliae

LI Lin, ZHANG YuanZhen, YAN WenYing, ZENG Lu, PANG Rui, XU XiaoXia, JIN FengLiang. The Role of miR-6497-x in Regulating the Reaction of Plutella xylostella to Fungal Infection[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1550-1563.

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Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Primers used in this study"

目的Purpose	引物名称Primer name	引物序列Primer sequence (5′-3′)
载体构建 Vector construction	PAP3-F	ccgctcgagcggATGACTCCGTTAATCTTAATATCTGC
	PAP3-R	aaggaaaaaagcggccgcaaaaggaaaaGCCGACCGGGCCCGCA
	PAP2-F	ccgctcgagcggCCATCTATCCGAGTTCAACACGT
	PAP2-R	aaggaaaaaagcggccgcaaaaggaaaaCAGCGGTCCCCCCGA
	psi-check2-F	GCAACTACAACGCCTACCTTCGG
	psi-check2-R	CGAAAAGGTCACACTCTGGGGCG
实时荧光定量PCR qRT-PCR	U6-F	CGCAAGGATGACACGCAA
	U6-R	GAATCGAGCACCAGTTACGC
	RPS13-F	TCAGGCTTATTCTCGTCG
	RPS13-R	GCTGTGCTGGATTCGTAC
	qPAP2-F	GAAGCCTGACCTCATCCAAGA
	qPAP2-R	ACGACACCGACCACAATCC
	qPAP3-F	GGACTGCTGAGGTTGAAGGA
	qPAP3-R	TTGGCGGTGATGTCTGATGA
	novel-m0042-5p-F	TCCGAGTCTTCAAGGAACTGTGA
	pxy-mir-2756-3p-F	CCCCCGAGTGCCTACAGCGACT
	miR-9215-x-F	GAGGACGTGTGGCAGCCA
	miR-6497-x-F	GGGTTTGGAGGGGAAGCG
	miR-8545-x-F	GCCGGGCCTGGTCGATGT
	novel-m0313-3p-F	CTCCGTGGTGGAGAGGATGGTG
	novel-m0592-5p-F	TAGAAGCTGTCAGCATCGATGGGC
	miRNA universal primers-R	TAACGAGACGACGACAGAC
mimic和inhibitor合成 mimic and inhibitor synthesis	miR-6497-x mimics sense	GGGUUUGGAGGGGAAGCG
	miR-6497-x mimics antisense	CUUCCCCUCCAAACCCUU
	miR-6497-x inhibitor	CGCUUCCCCUCCAAACCC
	miR-8545-x mimics sense	GCCGGGCCUGGUCGAUGU
	miR-8545-x mimics antisense	AUCGACCAGGCCCGGCUU
	novel-m0313-3p mimics sense	UAGAAGCUGUCAGCAUCGAUGGGC
	novel-m0313-3p mimics antisense	CCAUCGAUGCUGACAGCUUCUAUU
	novel-m0592-5p mimics sense	AACGCAGAGUGGGAUAGACU
	novel-m0592-5p mimics antisense	UCUAUCCCACUCUGCGUUUU
	novel-m0042-5p mimics sense	UCCGAGUCUUCAAGGAACUGUGA
	novel-m0042-5p mimics antisense	ACAGUUCCUUGAAGACUCGGAUU
	pxy-miR-2756-3p mimics sense	CCCCCGAGUGCCUACAGCGACU
	pxy-miR-2756-3p mimics antisense	UCGCUGUAGGCACUCGGGGGUU
	miR-9215-x mimics sense	GAGGACGUGUGGCAGCCA
	miR-9215-x mimics antisense	GCUGCCACACGUCCUCUU
	miR-9215-x inhibitor	UGGCUGCCACACGUCCUC
	miRNA inhibitor NC	CAGUACUUUUGUGUAGUACAA
	miRNA mimics NC sense	UUCUCCGAACGUGUCACGUTT
	miRNA mimics NC antisense	ACGUGACACGUUCGGAGAATT

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The Role of miR-6497-x in Regulating the Reaction of Plutella xylostella to Fungal Infection

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miRNA名称 miRNA name	miRNA序列 miRNA sequence (5′-3′)
novel-m0042-5p	UCCGAGUCUUCAAGGAACUGUGA
pxy-miR-2756-3p	CCCCCGAGUGCCUACAGCGACU
miR-9215-x	GAGGACGUGUGGCAGCCA

miRNA名称 miRNA name	miRNA序列 miRNA sequence (5′-3′)
miR-6497-x	GGGUUUGGAGGGGAAGCG
miR-8545-x	GCCGGGCCUGGUCGAUGU
novel-m0313-3p	UAGAAGCUGUCAGCAUCGAUGGGC
novel-m0592-5p	AACGCAGAGUGGGAUAGACU

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