小豆种质资源苗期耐盐性综合评价及耐盐种质筛选

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.21.002

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) is an important legume crop in China, yet, its production is severely constrained by soil salinity. This study aimed to systematically identify and evaluate the salt tolerance of a large-scale adzuki bean germplasm collection to provide elite genetic resources and a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of salt-tolerant adzuki bean cultivars. 【Method】A total of 398 adzuki bean accessions were evaluated in a hydroponic system under 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress a concentration determined as suitable for screening in preliminary experiments. The salt injury index and 10 root morphological traits of each accession were measured post-treatment. A comprehensive salt tolerance value (D-value) for each accession was calculated using a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) combined with the subordinate function method. Based on the D-value, all accessions were systematically evaluated and classified into different salt tolerance grades. Subsequently, differences in salt tolerance among three germplasm types (cultivars, landraces, and wild accessions) were compared. Finally, stepwise regression analysis was employed to identify key indicators for evaluating seedling salt tolerance and to construct a simplified evaluation model. 【Result】Salt stress significantly inhibited root growth in adzuki bean, but extensive genetic variation was observed among the accessions. PCA effectively reduced the 10 root traits to three independent principal components, accounting for a cumulative 88.76% of the total variation. According to the criteria of a comprehensive salt tolerance value (D-value) and salt tolerance grade, a group of highly tolerant accessions at the seedling stage, such as B552 and B533, were identified. Comparative analysis indicated that wild accessions and landraces exhibited stronger seedling stage salt tolerance potential than cultivars, with wild accessions showing particularly outstanding tolerance. Stepwise regression analysis identified the salt tolerance coefficients of five key traits, including root volume, root fresh weight, root dry weight, average root diameter, and number of root crossing as the key indicators. Based on these indicators, an optimal regression equation with a very high coefficient of determination was established. 【Conclusion】This study systematically evaluated the salt tolerance of a large-scale adzuki bean germplasm collection at the seedling stage. It not only identified a group of elite salt-tolerant accessions, but also established a simplified and efficient comprehensive evaluation system for seedling salt tolerance in adzuki bean based on five key root traits.

Key words: adzuki bean, germplasm resources, seedling stage, salt tolerance, comprehensive evaluation

CHEN TianXiao, CAO Rong, SONG QianNan, HU LiangLiang, WANG SuHua, WANG LiXia, CHENG XuZhen, CHEN HongLin. Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance at the Seedling Stage and Screening of Tolerant Germplasm in Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis)[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(21): 4317-4332.

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References 37

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地理来源 Geographical origin	份数 Number of accessions	地理来源 Geographical origin	份数 Number of accessions
中国黑龙江Heilongjiang, China	19	中国湖北Hubei, China	10
中国吉林Jilin, China	25	中国湖南Hunan, China	2
中国辽宁Liaoning, China	50	中国山东Shandong, China	15
中国内蒙古Inner Mongolia, China	12	中国江苏Jiangsu, China	8
中国河北Hebei, China	48	中国安徽Anhui, China	3
中国北京Beijing, China	48	中国广西Guangxi, China	6
中国天津Tianjin, China	9	中国四川Sichuan, China	1
中国山西Shanxi, China	64	中国贵州Guizhou, China	6
中国宁夏Ningxia, China	2	中国云南Yunnan, China	2
中国甘肃Gansu, China	6	中国台湾Taiwan, China	2
中国陕西Shaanxi, China	19	日本Japan	12
中国河南Henan, China	29	总计Total	398

性状 Traits	对照 Control				盐胁迫处理 Salt-stress treatment				盐胁迫较对照变化 Changes in salt stress compared to the control group
性状 Traits	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Average	变异系数 CV (%)	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Average	变异系数 CV (%)	均值 Average	变异系数 CV (%)
根长RL	1110.20	154.04	431.12	32.68	637.25	130.42	282.48	25.40	-148.64	-7.28
根投影面积RPA	30.85	4.98	14.82	27.84	22.52	4.23	10.74	22.83	-4.08	-5.01
根体积RV	0.91	0.20	0.41	25.98	0.65	0.13	0.33	24.55	-0.08	-1.43
根尖数RT	2654.50	552.21	1183.82	41.30	1891.67	202.38	690.67	50.04	-493.15	8.74
根分枝数RF	6922.00	585.33	2426.90	65.54	3944.46	411.33	1213.54	64.75	-1213.45	-0.79
根鲜重RFW	1.31	0.11	0.46	31.30	0.69	0.10	0.35	33.35	-0.11	2.05
根干重RDW	0.06	0.01	0.03	24.91	0.04	0.01	0.02	25.38	-0.01	0.47
根交叉点RC	2866.50	135.50	816.58	82.90	1645.00	106.00	384.11	92.63	-432.47	9.73
根表面积RSA	96.93	9.76	46.05	29.37	70.76	7.36	33.39	24.51	-12.66	-4.86
根平均直径RAD	0.48	0.25	0.35	11.17	0.53	0.24	0.38	12.85	0.03	1.68

性状 Traits	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)
根长RL	0.28	1.70	0.73	0.19	25.55
根投影面积RPA	0.27	1.97	0.79	0.20	25.70
根体积RV	0.25	2.29	0.86	0.24	27.31
根尖数RT	0.19	2.55	0.71	0.30	42.04
根分枝数RF	0.05	2.03	0.62	0.29	46.28
根鲜重RFW	0.07	2.18	0.81	0.24	30.24
根干重RDW	0.41	3.20	0.89	0.24	26.80
根交叉点RC	0.03	2.72	0.55	0.35	63.61
根表面积RSA	0.27	1.97	0.79	0.20	25.03
根平均直径RAD	0.80	1.41	1.09	0.09	8.55

成分 Components	特征值 Eigen values	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	累计贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)
1	6.38	63.76	63.76
2	1.89	18.93	82.68
3	0.61	6.08	88.76
4	0.41	4.09	92.86
5	0.34	3.38	96.24

性状 Trait	主成分因子Comprehensive factors
性状 Trait	PC1	PC2	PC3
根长RL	0.15	-0.07	-0.37
根投影面积RPA	0.15	0.08	-0.15
根表面积RSA	0.15	0.09	-0.12
根平均直径RAD	-0.01	0.45	0.88
根体积RV	0.14	0.22	0.12
根尖数RT	0.10	-0.29	0.44
根分枝数RF	0.13	-0.22	0.40
根交叉点RC	0.11	-0.28	0.43
根鲜重RFW	0.13	0.15	-0.13
根干重RDW	0.12	0.19	-0.36

Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance at the Seedling Stage and Screening of Tolerant Germplasm in Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis)

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编号 Accession number	地理来源 Geographical origin	种质类型 Germplasm type	D值 D value
B552	中国辽宁Liaoning, China	野生种Wild	0.906
B533	日本Japan	野生种Wild	0.874
B497	中国辽宁Liaoning, China	野生种Wild	0.807
B553	中国辽宁Liaoning, China	野生种Wild	0.650
B498	中国辽宁Liaoning, China	野生种Wild	0.635
B445	中国河北Hebei, China	育成品种Elite cultivars	0.631
B462	中国北京Beijing, China	育成品种Elite cultivars	0.563
B084	中国吉林Jilin, China	地方品种Landraces	0.555
B414	中国河北Hebei, China	育成品种Elite cultivars	0.551
B102	中国黑龙江Heilongjiang, China	地方品种Landraces	0.549

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