施肥管理对麦后复种绿肥盐碱土碳组分与小麦产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study was conducted to explore the effects of different chemical fertilizer optimization managements on the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, soil carbon process, and subsequent spring wheat yield in a post-wheat green manure (hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth) rotation of saline-alkali soil in the Hetao Irrigation District. The aim was to identify effective fertilizer reduction pathways for synergistically enhancing soil carbon sequestration and productivity. 【Method】Based on a long-term filed experiment established in 2015 in Linhe District, Bayannaoer City, four treatments were set up by randomized block design, including CK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer), K0G (nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer), P0G (nitrogen and potassium fertilizer), and N0G (phosphorus and potassium fertilizer). SOC fractions and enzyme activities in 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers, and spring wheat yield were measured in 2023, and the soil carbon process index for soil carbon transformation intensity was also calculated. 【Result】(1) Compared with K0G and P0G treatments in 0-20 cm soil layer, N0G treatment (nitrogen fertilizer reduction) significantly reduced soil pH by 0.17 and 0.11 units, while significantly increasing available phosphorus (AP) content by 27.6% and 96.3%, respectively, and available potassium (AK) content by 26.5% and 46.3%, respectively. Compared with P0G, N0G treatment significantly increased AP and AK contents by 192.7% and 18.2% in 20-40 cm soil layer, respectively. (2) Compared with K0G and P0G treatments, N0G treatment significantly enhanced carbon-related enzyme activities in 0-40 cm soil layer: β-glucosidase (27.1% and 53.6%, respectively), xylanase (82.6% and 65.9%, respectively), and cellobiosidase (46.2% and 60.1%, respectively). (3) Compared with K0G and P0G, N0G treatments significantly increased labile organic carbon (LOC) by 25.7% and 26.3%, respectively, and particulate organic carbon (POC) contents by 50.0% and 48.8% in 0-40 cm, respectively. Compared with K0G, N0G significantly increased mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) content by 19.2% in 0-20 cm. SOC fractions showed significant positive correlations with soil nutrients and enzyme activities, but significant negative correlations with soil pH. (4) Spring wheat yield under CK, K0G, P0G and N0G treatments were 8.17, 7.76, 7.95 and 7.95 t·hm^-2, respectively. There was no significant difference between P0G, N0G and CK, except that K0G significantly reduced the yield by 5.1% compared with CK. Soil enzyme activities were the significant predictors of spring wheat yield. (5) N0G treatment exhibited higher carbon process index in both 0-40 cm layers, significantly exceeding K0G and P0G treatments. Spring wheat yield showed a significant positive correlation with the carbon process index in the 0-20 cm soil layer. 【Conclusion】N0G (multiple cropping of hairy vetch without nitrogen fertilizer after wheat) effectively reduced soil pH, activated carbon cycle-related enzyme activities, promoted organic carbon labile fractions accumulation, and enhanced carbon process index, ultimately increasing spring wheat yield of a wheat-green manure cropping system in the Hetao Irrigation District. Therefore, this approach was a viable fertilizer reduction strategy for harmonizing soil amelioration (pH reduction, C sequestration) with stable crop productivity in saline-alkali soil.

Key words: post-wheat green manure rotation, saline-alkali soil, fertilization management, organic carbon fractions, soil enzyme, yield, Hetao Irrigation District

YU Ru, LI YuYi, CAO JuFeng, MA Jun, CHANG FangDi, SONG JiaShen, ZHANG HongYuan, LI XiaoBin, LI HaoRuo, ZHANG Hua, WANG Jing. Effects of Fertilization Management on Soil Carbon Fractions and Crop Yield of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation in Saline-Alkali Soils[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4189-4202.

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处理 Treatments	基肥 Basic fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)				追肥 Additional fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatments	尿素 Urea	磷酸二铵 Diammonium phosphate	重过磷酸钙 Superphosphates	氯化钾 Potassium chloride	尿素 Urea
CK	85	195	-	80	165
K0G	85	195	-	-	165
P0G	85	-	-	80	165
N0G	-	-	195	80	-

Effects of Fertilization Management on Soil Carbon Fractions and Crop Yield of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation in Saline-Alkali Soils

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