苹果‘金冠’和‘长富2号’正反交F1代果实品质性状多样性及综合评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.24.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This aim of this study aimed was to explore the fruit characteristics and diagnostic phenotypic, so as to facilitate the fruit character improvement by investigating and analyzing fruit traits of F₁ progenies between Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2. 【Method】The heredity variation, inheritance tendency, and conducted principal component and comprehensive analyses of 11 quantitative traits (including fruit quality, firmness, shape index, longitudinal and transverse diameters, soluble sugar content, total phenols, total flavonoids, and fruit color L^*, a^*, and b^* values) and 14 descriptive traits (such as fruit maturity period, peel color, shape, flesh color, surface smoothness, point size and density, stem and calyx depression rust, flavor, aroma, odor, texture, and juice) in the F₁ segregating populations were investigated, which were derived from the reciprocal cross between Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2. 【Result】The fruit characters of F₁ progenies by the reciprocal cross showed rich diversity. The diversity index for quantitative traits and descriptive traits were in the range of 0.56-2.90 and 0-2.51, respectively. The average fruit weight, longitudinal and transverse diameters, shape index, and L^* value in the F₁ progenies were smaller than the mid-parent values. Significant heterosis were observed in fruit firmness, soluble sugar content, and total phenols. The heterosis rates was in the range of 20.19%-60.73%. Differences were noted in fruit maturity, peel color, and flesh color between the progenies. Hybrids of Golden Delicious×Fuji Nagafu No.2 with earlier maturity and predominantly yellowish-green peel (36.67%) and cream-white flesh (56.67%) accounted for the largest proportion, while predominantly red peel (57.14%) and light yellow flesh (50.00%) were main in Fuji Nagafu No.2×Golden Delicious. The fitness of these traits was assessed using a mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model, with a two major genes plus polygenes model being optimal for most traits except the a^* value, controlled by one major gene plus polygenes. Principal component analysis revealed cumulative contribution rates of 73.05% and 80.48% for eight and nine trait components, respectively, in the different cross progenies. A comprehensive evaluation selected 10 outstanding individuals from 58 hybrid progenies. 【Conclusion】Most fruit traits of the F₁ progenies displayed distinct genetic tendencies. The inheritance trend of the fruit size indices and L^* value tended to be decreased, while the soluble sugar content, total phenols, and fruit firmness tended to be increased. Early-maturing progenies were more readily obtained with Golden Delicious as the female parent. Using Fuji Nagafu No.2 as the maternal parent resulted in a novel and effective strain combination and superior progeny in the F₁ generation.

Key words: Golden Delicious, Nagafu No.2, F₁ progenies, fruit quality traits, diversity, comprehensive evaluation

PAN Jing, MENG ZhiHao, WANG Sen, WANG HaiBo, HE Ping, CHANG YuanSheng, ZHENG WenYan, LI LinGuang, WANG Chen, WANG Ping, HE XiaoWen. Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality Traits in Reciprocal Cross Progenies of Apple Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(24): 4945-4963.

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Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Table 1

The heritable variation of quantitative traits in the F1 progenies of Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2"

性状 Traits	亲本Parents		组合 Cross	子代Progenies
性状 Traits	金冠 GD	长富2号 NF2	组合 Cross	MP	平均值 Average	范围 Range	CV (%)	T_a (%)	H (%)	H_b² (%)	H′
单果质量 Fruit weight (g)	158.05	213.48	正交GD×NF2	185.77	134.59	85.72-184.17	16.50	72.45	-27.55	50.77	2.85
单果质量 Fruit weight (g)	158.05	213.48	反交NF2×GD	185.77	140.55	80.77-225.22	21.75	75.66	-24.34	74.03	2.44
果实纵径 Longitudinal diameter (cm)	66.48	69.00	正交GD×NF2	67.74	59.30	53.62-67.18	6.18	87.54	-12.46	82.66	2.87
果实纵径 Longitudinal diameter (cm)	66.48	69.00	反交NF2×GD	67.74	59.66	46.45-72.04	9.21	88.07	-11.93	92.29	2.88
果实横径 Transverse diameter (cm)	71.21	77.44	正交GD×NF2	74.33	67.09	57.22-74.68	6.14	90.26	-9.74	64.88	2.87
果实横径 Transverse diameter (cm)	71.21	77.44	反交NF2×GD	74.33	67.83	52.22-81.67	7.67	91.26	-8.74	77.99	2.32
果形指数 Fruit shape index	0.93	0.89	正交GD×NF2	0.91	0.88	0.82-0.99	4.29	96.91	-3.09	72.55	2.60
果形指数 Fruit shape index	0.93	0.89	反交NF2×GD	0.91	0.88	0.81-0.93	4.19	96.30	-3.70	70.89	2.57
果实硬度 Fruit firmness (kg·cm^-2)	9.75	10.60	正交GD×NF2	10.18	13.86	7.89-24.24	25.56	136.20	36.20	77.60	2.69
果实硬度 Fruit firmness (kg·cm^-2)	9.75	10.60	反交NF2×GD	10.18	12.29	6.84-19.16	24.02	120.19	20.19	67.44	2.81
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	26.39	84.83	正交GD×NF2	55.61	74.35	35.20-138.47	29.76	133.71	33.71	93.51	2.71
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	26.39	84.83	反交NF2×GD	55.61	69.66	43.15-116.62	25.39	125.27	25.27	89.85	2.48
总酚 Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.39	0.33	正交GD×NF2	0.36	0.44	0.12-1.13	55.51	120.26	20.26	95.66	2.41
总酚 Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.39	0.33	反交NF2×GD	0.36	0.58	0.12-1.31	53.85	160.73	60.73	97.32	2.73
总黄酮 Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2.29	2.38	正交GD×NF2	2.33	2.31	1.87-3.03	12.45	99.11	-0.89	53.96	2.75
总黄酮 Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2.29	2.38	反交NF2×GD	2.33	2.44	1.81-4.21	18.40	104.67	4.67	81.10	1.63
L值 L value	71.41	70.80	正交GD×NF2	71.10	58.73	-109.88-78.90	77.32	82.61	-17.39	99.22	0.56
L值 L value	71.41	70.80	反交NF2×GD	71.10	56.11	-112.17-76.52	82.90	78.91	-21.09	99.26	0.59
a值 a value	-10.85	11.33	正交GD×NF2	0.24	0.67	-8.67-19.18	1077.76	278.68	178.68	41.90	2.86
a值 a value	-10.85	11.33	反交NF2×GD	0.24	4.32	-8.56-23.58	165.93	1809.43	1709.43	41.86	2.87
b值 b value	43.33	21.18	正交GD×NF2	32.25	37.17	24.54-50.51	17.39	115.25	15.25	78.06	2.90
b值 b value	43.33	21.18	反交NF2×GD	32.25	32.07	16.17-46.74	20.90	99.44	-0.56	79.60	2.83

Table 1

Table 2

The heritable variation of descriptive traits in the F1 progenies of Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2"

性状 Traits	亲本Parents		F₁性状分级与分离比例Grading standards and separation proportion of F₁ progeny (%)								H′
性状 Traits	金冠 GD	长富2号 NF2	组合 Cross	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	H′
果实成熟期 Fruit maturity period (d)	9.5	10.18	正交 GD×NF2	9.5 (23.33)	9.11 (20.00)	9.20 (20.00)	9.27 (10.00)	10.7 (16.67)	10.18 (10.00)		2.51
果实成熟期 Fruit maturity period (d)	9.5	10.18	反交 NF2×GD	9.5 (14.29)	9.11 (10.71)	9.20 (10.71)	9.27 (35.71)	10.7 (17.86)	10.18 (10.71)		2.41
果皮颜色 Peel color	黄绿色 Yellowish green	红色 Red	正交 GD×NF2	黄绿色 Yellowish green (36.67)	黄白色 Yellowish white (3.33)	红色 Red (16.67)	棕红色 Brownish red (3.33)	橙红色 Orange red (20.00)	黄色 Yellow (13.33)	粉红色 Pink (6.67)	2.40
果皮颜色 Peel color	黄绿色 Yellowish green	红色 Red	反交 NF2×GD	黄绿色 Yellowish green (7.14)	黄白色 Yellowish white (7.14)	红色 Red (57.14)	棕红色 Brownish red (0.00)	橙红色 Orange red (7.14)	黄色 Yellow (14.29)	粉红色 Pink (7.14)	1.95
果肉颜色 Flesh color	乳白色 Cream- white	乳白色 Cream- white	正交 GD×NF2	乳白色 Cream-white (56.67)	浅黄色 Light yellow (40.00)	浅绿色 Light green (3.33)	白色 White (0.00)				1.16
果肉颜色 Flesh color	乳白色 Cream- white	乳白色 Cream- white	反交 NF2×GD	乳白色 Cream-white (39.29)	浅黄色 Light yellow (50.00)	浅绿色 Light green (0.00)	白色 White (10.71)				1.37
果实形状 Fruit shape	圆锥形 Conical	近圆形 Subcircul	正交 GD×NF2	圆锥形 Conical (53.33)	扁圆形 Oblate (10.00)	圆柱形 Cylindrical (3.33)	近圆形 Subcircular (6.67)	短圆锥形 Short cone (20.00)	长圆锥形 Long cone (6.67)		1.96
果实形状 Fruit shape	圆锥形 Conical	近圆形 Subcircul	反交 NF2×GD	圆锥形 Conical (50.00)	扁圆形 Oblate (10.71)	圆柱形 Cylindrical (14.29)	近圆形 Subcircular (0.00)	短圆锥形 Short cone (17.86)	长圆锥形 Long cone (7.14)		1.96
梗洼锈量 Stem depression rust	有 Yes	无 No	正交 GD×NF2	无 No (30.00)	有 Yes (70.00)						0.88
梗洼锈量 Stem depression rust	有 Yes	无 No	反交 NF2×GD	无 No(35.71)	有 Yes (64.29)						0.94
萼洼锈量 Calyx depression rust	无 No	无 No	正交 GD×NF2	无 No (96.67)	有 Yes (3.33)						0.21
萼洼锈量 Calyx depression rust	无 No	无 No	反交 NF2×GD	无 No (100.00)	有 Yes (0.00)						0
果面光滑度 Fruit surface smoothness	光滑 Smooth	光滑 Smooth	正交 GD×NF2	光滑Smooth (63.33)	粗糙Rough (36.67)						0.95
果面光滑度 Fruit surface smoothness	光滑 Smooth	光滑 Smooth	反交 NF2×GD	光滑Smooth (71.43)	粗糙Rough (28.57)						0.86
果点密度 Fruit point density	中 Medium	疏 Sparse	正交 GD×NF2	疏Sparse (30.00)	中Medium (50.00)	密Dense (20.00)					1.49
果点密度 Fruit point density	中 Medium	疏 Sparse	反交 NF2×GD	疏Sparse (42.86)	中Medium (39.29)	密Dense (17.86)					1.50
果点大小 Fruit point size	中 Medium	中 Medium	正交 GD×NF2	大Big (3.33)	中Medium (53.33)	小Small (43.33)					1.17
果点大小 Fruit point size	中 Medium	中 Medium	反交 NF2×GD	大Big (10.71)	中Medium (57.14)	小Small (32.14)					1.33
果实风味 Fruit flavor	酸甜 Sour- sweet	甜酸Sweet- sour	正交 GD×NF2	甜 Sweet (46.67)	淡甜 Light sweet (0.00)	酸甜 Sour sweet (13.33)	甜酸 Sweet sour (36.67)	酸 Sour (3.33)			1.59
果实风味 Fruit flavor	酸甜 Sour- sweet	甜酸Sweet- sour	反交 NF2×GD	甜 Sweet (64.29)	淡甜 Light sweet (3.57)	酸甜 Sour sweet (17.86)	甜酸 Sweet sour (14.29)	酸 Sour (0.00)			1.43
果实香气 Fruit aroma	无 No	无 No	正交 GD×NF2	无No (86.67)	有Yes (13.33)						0.57
果实香气 Fruit aroma	无 No	无 No	反交 NF2×GD	无No (89.29)	有Yes (10.71)						0.49
果实异味 Fruit odor	无 No	无 No	正交 GD×NF2	无No (76.67)	有Yes (23.33)						0.78
果实异味 Fruit odor	无 No	无 No	反交 NF2×GD	无 No (82.14)	有 Yes (17.86)						0.68
果肉质地 Flesh texture	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	正交 GD×NF2	松脆 Friability (63.33)	硬脆 Hard and brittle (20.00)	绵软 Spongy (10.00)	松软 Soft (6.67)	硬 Hard (0.00)			1.47
果肉质地 Flesh texture	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	反交 NF2×GD	松脆 Friability (50.00)	硬脆 Hard and brittle (14.29)	绵软 Spongy (21.43)	松软 Soft (10.71)	硬 Hard (3.57)			1.89
果实汁液 Fruit juice	中 Medium	多 More	正交 GD×NF2	中Medium (66.67)	多More (26.67)	少Less (6.67)					1.16
果实汁液 Fruit juice	中 Medium	多 More	反交 NF2×GD	中Medium (50.00)	多More (39.29)	少Less (10.71)					1.37

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Principal component analysis of fruit traits in the F1 progenies of Golden Delicious × Fuji Nagafu No.2"

性状 Traits	主成分特征系数 Eigenvector of principal component
性状 Traits	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC6	PC7	PC8
L^值L^ value	0.35	0.02	0.18	0.22	0.66	0.32	-0.02	0.03
a^值a^ value	0.68	-0.47	-0.13	-0.07	0.16	-0.25	0.07	-0.10
b^值b^ value	-0.77	0.00	0.21	0.05	0.06	0.21	-0.24	0.24
单果质量Fruit weight (g)	-0.13	0.04	0.70	-0.04	0.46	0.03	-0.32	-0.12
果形指数Fruit shape index	-0.17	0.29	-0.52	0.47	0.21	0.21	-0.21	-0.14
果实硬度Firmness (kg·cm^-2)	0.01	0.32	-0.05	-0.63	0.28	0.29	-0.08	0.02
总酚Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.37	0.72	0.26	-0.09	0.19	-0.16	-0.03	0.14
总黄酮Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	0.44	0.65	0.10	-0.12	0.10	-0.10	0.29	0.05
可溶性糖Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	0.08	0.28	-0.28	-0.21	-0.22	0.64	-0.16	-0.20
果肉颜色Flesh color	-0.11	0.07	0.31	0.50	-0.52	-0.15	-0.27	-0.11
果肉质地Flesh texture	0.33	0.34	0.35	-0.16	-0.32	0.25	0.11	0.09
果实汁液Fruit juice	-0.21	0.32	-0.48	-0.27	-0.02	-0.32	0.15	-0.18
果实风味Fruit flavor	0.34	0.37	0.33	0.29	-0.02	0.13	0.20	0.10
果实香气Fruit aroma	0.32	0.16	-0.11	0.14	-0.31	-0.14	-0.13	0.69
果实异味Fruit odor	-0.53	-0.05	0.52	0.09	0.14	-0.29	0.37	0.01
果实形状Fruit shape	0.07	0.18	-0.27	0.65	0.31	0.06	0.27	-0.20
果皮颜色Peel color	-0.62	0.46	0.13	0.02	-0.13	-0.03	-0.18	-0.07
果面光滑度Fruit surface smoothness	0.57	-0.33	0.37	0.27	-0.19	0.33	-0.16	-0.02
果点大小Fruit point size	-0.30	0.40	-0.07	-0.36	-0.14	0.22	0.25	0.10
果点密度Fruit density	0.18	-0.02	-0.51	-0.06	0.29	-0.21	-0.45	0.34
梗洼锈量Stem depression rust	-0.49	-0.13	-0.13	0.35	0.31	0.24	0.30	0.47
萼洼锈量Calyx depression rust	-0.02	-0.68	-0.13	-0.11	-0.19	0.40	0.32	0.11
果实成熟期Fruit maturity period (d)	-0.07	-0.54	0.27	-0.54	0.23	-0.06	-0.07	0.06
特征值Eigenvalue	3.32	3.10	2.45	2.26	1.83	1.51	1.22	1.11
贡献率Contribution rate	14.42	13.47	10.67	9.82	7.96	6.58	5.31	4.83
累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	14.42	27.89	38.56	48.37	56.33	62.91	68.22	73.05

Table 5

Table 6

Principal component analysis of fruit traits in the F1 progenies of Fuji Nagafu No.2 × Golden Delicious"

性状 Traits	主成分特征系数 Eigenvector of principal component
性状 Traits	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC6	PC7	PC8	PC9
L^值L^ value	0.43	-0.15	0.00	0.43	0.39	0.29	-0.13	-0.43	0.10
a^值a^ value	0.04	0.85	-0.09	0.10	-0.25	-0.02	0.23	-0.08	0.20
b^值b^ value	-0.40	-0.79	0.18	0.01	-0.01	0.05	0.12	0.09	-0.06
单果质量Fruit weight (g)	0.19	-0.29	0.63	-0.11	0.11	0.40	0.15	0.12	0.00
果形指数Fruit shape index	0.02	-0.25	0.56	0.00	-0.29	0.01	0.53	0.02	0.04
果实硬度Firmness (kg·cm^-2)	0.28	0.15	-0.10	0.73	-0.28	0.08	0.33	0.10	0.01
总酚Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.59	-0.29	-0.39	-0.26	-0.01	0.09	0.04	-0.05	0.15
总黄酮Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	0.69	0.01	-0.17	-0.09	-0.08	0.48	0.27	0.17	-0.14
可溶性糖Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	-0.53	0.04	-0.13	-0.19	0.13	0.44	0.17	0.25	0.34
果肉颜色Flesh color	0.04	0.35	0.21	-0.13	0.50	-0.38	0.53	-0.07	0.00
果肉质地Flesh texture	0.41	0.23	0.33	-0.24	0.33	-0.25	0.00	0.33	0.25
果实汁液Fruit juice	0.10	0.24	0.63	0.21	0.48	0.16	0.01	-0.30	-0.07
果实风味Fruit flavor	0.49	0.17	-0.08	-0.50	0.35	-0.04	-0.12	0.06	-0.37
果实香气Fruit aroma	0.06	-0.14	-0.40	0.09	0.34	0.49	0.05	-0.11	0.25
果实异味Fruit odor	0.17	0.35	0.39	0.50	0.15	0.16	-0.15	0.31	-0.25
果实形状Fruit shape	0.14	0.04	0.34	-0.59	-0.49	0.28	0.06	-0.04	-0.21
果皮颜色Peel color	0.28	0.70	-0.06	-0.22	-0.31	0.30	-0.20	0.01	0.01
果面光滑度Fruit surface smoothness	0.46	-0.21	0.11	0.33	-0.02	-0.14	-0.28	0.59	0.23
果点大小Fruit point size	0.60	-0.13	-0.03	0.17	-0.47	-0.26	0.15	-0.23	0.19
果点密度Fruit density	0.49	-0.32	0.44	0.06	-0.27	-0.08	-0.31	-0.23	-0.01
梗洼锈量Stem depression rust	0.07	-0.15	-0.53	0.31	0.07	-0.02	0.24	0.14	-0.58
果实成熟期Fruit maturity period (d)	0.67	-0.30	-0.29	-0.26	0.26	-0.22	0.19	0.02	0.11
特征值Eigenvalue	3.39	2.79	2.53	2.17	1.97	1.51	1.24	1.10	1.02
贡献率Contribution rate	15.40	12.66	11.48	9.85	8.94	6.84	5.65	5.01	4.65
累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	15.40	28.06	39.54	49.39	58.33	65.17	70.83	75.84	80.48

Table 6

Table 7

Comprehensive evaluation of fruit in each F1 progeny of Golden Delicious × Fuji Nagafu No.2"

株系编号 Strain number	主成分得分 Principal components score
株系编号 Strain number	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5	F6	F7	F8	总得分 Score	排名 Rank
N11-1	-1.61	-2.08	-0.99	-2.00	1.16	-0.13	-1.18	0.86	-1.03	29
N11-2	-0.58	0.75	-0.81	1.06	0.00	0.71	1.74	0.07	0.24	12
N11-3	-0.47	2.52	-3.86	1.63	-0.39	1.11	-0.28	0.09	0.07	17
N11-6	1.36	-0.82	0.24	2.02	-0.50	0.80	0.80	-0.04	0.50	6
N11-7	-1.82	0.25	0.43	-1.78	-3.88	-1.26	0.71	-0.66	-1.02	28
N11-8	2.94	-1.34	-2.95	0.28	-0.56	-0.27	-0.18	-1.15	-0.23	21
N11-9	-3.55	-0.51	-2.56	-0.67	-2.56	-1.67	-0.68	0.72	-1.69	30
N11-11	-1.30	0.38	0.44	-0.60	-0.12	-0.92	0.20	1.14	-0.21	20
N11-12	-1.11	1.37	0.05	1.54	-1.09	1.78	-0.11	-0.37	0.26	10
N11-15	-0.32	-1.18	2.98	-0.55	-0.24	0.16	0.12	1.22	0.16	16
N11-18	-0.87	-0.44	-1.12	-0.32	0.94	-1.44	2.16	-0.01	-0.33	23
N11-20	0.25	0.83	-1.48	-2.01	3.20	-0.28	1.86	1.21	0.26	11
N11-29	1.73	-3.43	0.65	3.48	1.47	-2.02	-1.10	0.35	0.19	14
N11-35	0.23	-1.31	0.83	-0.63	-0.06	0.17	0.43	2.12	0.02	19
N11-38	1.05	-1.14	1.66	-0.84	-0.65	0.72	1.42	-2.43	0.06	18
N11-43	3.54	0.64	1.79	-1.51	-0.35	-2.02	1.04	-0.61	0.69	3
N11-48	-2.16	0.36	0.70	-0.70	1.13	-0.10	0.52	-0.99	-0.27	22
N11-57	-0.28	1.74	1.45	0.41	-1.03	0.06	0.54	0.95	0.53	5
N11-61	1.36	0.14	0.28	0.74	0.28	0.70	0.69	0.99	0.65	4
N11-68	0.23	6.35	1.05	0.85	1.36	-2.61	-1.85	-0.64	1.22	1
N11-81	-1.67	-1.83	-0.57	0.66	0.85	0.27	0.20	-2.38	-0.69	27
N11-84	2.35	-0.22	-0.87	1.05	-0.90	-0.65	-0.64	-0.59	0.20	13
N11-86	-1.91	0.00	2.08	2.80	0.22	0.95	-0.39	0.48	0.42	7
N11-87	0.88	-1.80	-0.62	-1.83	-0.31	0.67	-2.74	0.04	-0.66	26
N11-95	-1.37	0.50	1.53	1.11	-0.46	1.97	-0.08	0.05	0.32	8
N11-97	2.22	0.11	-1.99	0.57	-0.06	0.14	0.55	0.41	0.32	9
N11-102	3.13	1.90	0.69	-3.08	-0.16	2.52	-1.08	-0.21	0.77	2
N11-103	-3.00	-0.29	-0.07	-1.20	2.85	0.82	-0.74	-1.53	-0.59	25
N11-106	1.03	0.02	-0.66	-0.38	0.02	0.91	-0.75	1.30	0.17	15
N11-108	-0.31	-1.50	1.67	-0.16	-0.14	-1.10	-1.20	-0.41	-0.35	24

Table 7

Table 8

Fruit traits of outstanding sexual progenies in Golden Delicious× Fuji Nagafu No.2"

性状 Traits	亲本Parents		子代Progenies
性状 Traits	金冠GD	长富2号Nagafu No.2	N11-12	N11-43	N11-57	N11-61	N11-68
综合得分Score			0.26	0.69	0.53	0.65	1.22
L^值L^ value	71.41	70.80	69.00	58.43	72.51	69.69	72.51
a^值a^ value	-10.85	11.33	-7.85	19.18	-7.83	-0.27	-8.67
b^值b^ value	43.33	21.18	42.57	25.43	39.54	32.07	36.55
单果质量Fruit weight (g)	158.05	213.48	139.37	146.75	125.72	128.47	166.36
果形指数Fruit shape index	0.93	0.89	0.89	0.82	0.83	0.9	0.92
果实硬度Firmness (kg·cm^-2)	9.75	10.60	13.10	14.80	15.94	15.64	15.36
总酚Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.39	0.33	0.35	0.94	0.83	0.42	1.13
总黄酮Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2.29	2.38	2.29	3.03	2.36	2.59	2.83
可溶性糖Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	26.39	84.83	119.48	66.06	63.53	73.85	65.13
果实形状Fruit shape	圆锥形 Conical	近圆形 Subcircul	圆锥形 Conical	短圆锥形 Short cone	短圆锥形 Short cone	圆锥形 Conical	圆锥形 Conical
果皮颜色Fruit color	黄绿色 Yellowish green	红色 Red	黄绿色 Yellowish green	红色 Red	黄绿色 Yellowish green	粉红色 Pink	黄绿色Yellowish green
果面光滑度Surface smoothness	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	粗糙Rough
果点大小Fruit point size	中Medium	中Medium	小Small	小Small	小Small	中Medium	中Medium
果点密度Fruit point density	中Medium	疏Sparse	疏Sparse	疏Sparse	疏Sparse	中Medium	中Medium
梗洼锈量Stem depression rust	有 Yes	无 No	有Yes	无No	有Yes	有Yes	无No
萼洼锈量Calyx depression rust	无 No	无 No	无No	无No	无No	无No	有 Yes
果肉颜色Fruit color	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white
果肉质地Fruit texture	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability
果实汁液Fruit juice	中Medium	多More	中Medium	中Medium	中Medium	多More	中Medium
果实风味Fruit flavor	酸甜 Sour-sweet	甜酸 Sweet-sour	甜酸 Sweet-sour	甜酸 Sweet-sour	甜 Sweet	甜 Sweet	甜 Sweet
果实香气Fruit aroma	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No
果实异味Fruit odor	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No

Table 8

Table 9

Comprehensive evaluation of fruit in each F1 progeny of Fuji Nagafu No.2 × Golden Delicious"

株系编号 Strain number	主成分得分 Principal components score
株系编号 Strain number	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5	F6	F7	F8	F9	总得分 Score	排名 Rank
N12-1	-1.30	0.01	0.03	2.45	0.13	-0.86	0.43	-2.14	-0.41	-0.13	19
N12-2	1.48	-3.39	1.57	-1.78	0.88	0.82	-0.48	-0.31	0.32	-0.11	17
N12-3	-5.11	-1.52	-1.77	-2.19	-1.95	-0.26	1.76	1.14	-0.21	-1.79	28
N12-4	-0.99	2.36	2.06	-2.30	-1.67	-2.32	-0.67	2.09	-0.68	-0.15	20
N12-6	-1.77	0.03	0.53	-0.36	1.05	0.76	-0.40	-1.04	-2.10	-0.34	24
N12-9	0.07	-0.94	-0.78	0.02	2.60	-0.66	1.16	1.50	-0.03	0.16	11
N12-10	-2.69	1.86	-1.34	-0.41	2.36	2.17	0.13	0.16	-0.88	-0.05	15
N12-15	-0.75	-0.62	0.67	2.14	0.23	-0.98	0.55	0.48	0.38	0.15	12
N12-16	-2.39	2.50	-0.55	1.18	0.32	1.28	0.30	-0.80	0.51	0.15	13
N12-17	2.16	-1.12	-0.62	1.39	0.73	-0.50	1.66	-0.08	-0.04	0.47	5
N12-18	0.60	-0.11	1.18	1.32	-3.02	1.79	-0.75	-0.05	0.83	0.24	9
N12-22	1.40	1.21	1.47	-1.98	-0.97	-1.18	-0.43	-0.92	-0.22	0.12	14
N12-24	4.17	-0.36	0.42	0.19	-0.65	2.52	1.77	1.61	-0.77	1.15	1
N12-26	1.87	-0.48	-0.75	-0.19	1.55	-0.75	-1.00	0.54	-0.75	0.18	10
N12-30	1.53	3.55	-2.75	0.41	1.09	-1.22	0.17	0.66	0.86	0.63	2
N12-38	0.31	-1.33	-0.43	-1.12	1.78	-1.31	-0.55	-0.21	1.47	-0.23	23
N12-41	1.53	0.17	-0.54	-2.24	-0.26	-0.44	1.48	-1.61	-0.41	-0.12	18
N12-45	1.12	0.99	-2.36	0.20	-2.35	0.10	-0.02	0.42	-0.10	-0.17	21
N12-54	0.14	-1.75	1.70	-0.26	1.22	-0.29	-0.93	0.31	-1.60	-0.07	16
N12-59	1.03	1.07	-0.35	0.72	-0.87	0.51	-0.01	0.23	0.48	0.39	7
N12-60	0.06	-3.61	-3.84	0.29	-1.48	-0.71	-1.53	-0.25	0.97	-1.36	27
N12-62	1.57	1.31	0.28	0.21	-0.75	0.22	0.65	-0.51	-0.94	0.47	4
N12-76	-0.11	0.11	0.04	-2.45	-0.38	0.63	0.59	-2.46	0.86	-0.35	25
N12-77	-0.67	-0.36	-1.52	0.47	-0.03	1.66	-3.01	0.64	-0.93	-0.43	26
N12-86	-1.02	0.17	2.84	-0.60	0.08	1.48	-0.60	0.56	1.72	0.39	8
N12-102	-1.37	-1.56	1.93	3.17	-1.38	-1.62	0.64	-0.17	-1.22	-0.17	22
N12-105	-1.59	-0.35	1.91	0.88	1.16	0.33	0.81	0.77	2.28	0.41	6
N12-114	0.71	2.17	1.00	0.84	0.59	-1.14	-1.75	-0.56	0.62	0.57	3

Table 9

Table 10

Fruit traits of outstanding sexual progenies in Fuji Nagafu No.2 × Golden Delicious"

性状 Traits	亲本Parents		子代Progenies
性状 Traits	金冠 GD	长富2号 NF2	N12-18	N12-24	N12-62	N12-86	N12-105
综合得分Score			0.24	1.15	0.47	0.39	0.41
L^值L^ value	71.41	70.80	65.42	69.65	62.45	68.61	70.62
a^值a^ value	-10.85	11.33	4.98	3.50	13.94	4.48	9.55
b^值b^ value	43.33	21.18	27.97	31.37	27.72	32.49	39.51
单果质量Fruit weight (g)	158.05	213.48	157	225.22	131.74	198.98	158.17
果形指数Fruit shape index	0.93	0.89	0.93	0.88	0.91	0.91	0.92
果实硬度Firmness (kg·cm^-2)	9.75	10.60	16.27	19.16	12.22	9.42	12.16
总酚Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	0.39	0.33	0.47	0.73	0.66	0.36	0.42
总黄酮Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2.29	2.38	2.69	4.21	2.76	1.90	2.16
可溶性糖Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	26.39	84.83	60.87	64.18	51.50	96.68	103.65
果实形状Fruit shape	圆锥形 Conical	近圆形 Subcircul	圆锥形 Conical	圆锥形 Conical	圆锥形 Conical	圆锥形 Conical	圆柱形Cylindrical
果皮颜色Fruit color	黄绿色 Yellowish green	红色 Red	红色 Red	红色 Red	红色 Red	红色 Red	橙红色 Orange red
果面光滑度Surface smoothness	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth	光滑Smooth
果点大小Fruit point size	中Medium	中Medium	中Medium	中Medium	中Medium	小Small	小Small
果点密度Fruit point density	中Medium	疏Sparse	疏Sparse	疏Sparse	中Medium	疏Sparse	中Medium
梗洼锈量Stem depression rust	有Yes	无No	无No	有Yes	有Yes	无No	无No
萼洼锈量Calyx depression rust	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No
果肉颜色Fruit color	乳白色 Cream-white	乳白色 Cream-white	白色 White	乳白色 Cream-white	浅黄色 Light yellow	乳白色 Cream-white	浅黄色 Light yellow
果肉质地Fruit texture	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability	绵软 Spongy	松脆 Friability	绵软 Spongy	松脆 Friability	松脆 Friability
果实汁液Fruit juice	中Medium	多More	多More	多More	中Medium	中Medium	中Medium
果实风味Fruit flavor	酸甜 Sour-sweet	甜酸 Sweet-sour	酸甜 Sour-sweet	甜 Sweet	甜 Sweet	酸甜 Sour-sweet	酸甜 Sour-sweet
果实香气Fruit aroma	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No
果实异味Fruit odor	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No	无No

Table 10

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性状 Trait	备选模型 Model	极大似然值 MLV	AIC值 AIC value
单果质量 Fruit weight (g)	2MG-AD	-261.5945	535.1890
	2MG-EA	-266.3077	538.6154
	1MG-A	-266.6458	539.2916
果形指数 Fruit shape index	2MG-AD	125.3497	-238.6993
	2MG-EA	118.5076	-231.0152
	2MG-ADI	124.8008	-229.6016
果实硬度 Fruit firmness (kg·cm^-2)	2MG-AD	-136.5999	285.1999
	2MG-EA	-141.3984	288.7969
	1MG-AD	-143.7685	295.5369
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	-237.7858	487.5717
	2MG-A	-244.5825	497.1650
	1MG-EAD	-250.8844	509.7687
总酚 Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	7.3443	-2.6887
	1MG-AD	2.0117	3.9767
	2MG-EA	0.9886	4.0228
总黄酮 Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	-8.9187	29.8374
	2MG-EA	-13.5335	33.0671
	2MG-A	-13.4479	34.8959
L值 L value	2MG-AD	-182.3618	376.7236
	1MG-AD	-184.7255	377.4511
	2MG-EAD	-186.7847	379.5694
a值 a value	1MG-A	-192.4460	390.8920
	2MG-AD	-189.5350	391.0701
	2MG-EA	-193.3715	392.7431
b值 b value	2MG-AD	-185.6797	383.3594
	2MG-EA	-190.1743	386.3486
	2MG-A	-190.1668	388.3336

性状 Trait	模型 Model	da	db	ha	hb
单果质量Fruit weight (g)	2MG-AD	16.56	17.54	0.68	-7.53
果形指数Fruit shape index	2MG-AD	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.00
果实硬度Fruit firmness (kg·cm^-2)	2MG-AD	2.82	1.30	-0.02	-1.80
可溶性糖Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	22.22	5.98	-8.83	16.01
总酚Total phenols (μg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	0.31	0.18	-0.17	-0.07
总黄酮Total flavonoids (μg·g^-1)	2MG-AD	0.22	0.34	0.04	-0.19
L^值L^ value	2MG-AD	88.76	3.62	87.26	1.49
a^值a^ value	1MG-A	8.27	/	/	/
b^值b^ value	2MG-AD	7.23	1.52	-2.47	3.98

Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality Traits in Reciprocal Cross Progenies of Apple Golden Delicious and Fuji Nagafu No.2

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