Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 2052-2060.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.11.011

;

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Corn Kernel Weight and Moisture Content After Physiological Maturity in Field

LI LuLu, WANG KeRu, XIE RuiZhi, MING Bo, ZHAO Lei, LI ShanShan, HOU Peng, LI ShaoKun   

  1. Institute o f Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2017-03-20 Online:2017-06-01 Published:2017-06-01

RichHTML

8

PDF

1133

Cited

1

Abstract: 【Objective】 In Huang-huai-hai Plain, the earlier harvesting date and the higher grain moisture content of summer maize reduces the harvest quality of mechanical grain harvest technology. The delayed harvest can reduce the grain moisture content. It remains unknown whether the grain weight and the yield will decrease or not during the field drying process. Clearing the changes of maize grain moisture and grain weight after physiological maturity is of benefit to promoting the application of grain mechanical harvesting technology. 【Method】 In 2015 and 2016, twenty two mainly planted cultivars were investigated in Comprehensive Experiment Stations of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences located in Xinxiang, Henan. Controlled pollination was applied in every cultivar. In 2015, from the 26th day after pollination to the 26th - 52th day after physiological maturity, the grain weight and grain moisture were measured to analyze their changes. In 2016, the same traits were measured from the 11th day after pollination to the 16th - 35th day after physiological maturity.【Result】 Results showed that the average 100-kernel dry weight was 30.8 g at physiological maturity ranging from 23.3 g to 37.4 g. The average kernel moisture content was 27.5% at physiological maturity ranging from 21.5% to 33.1%. When all cultivars were finally tested after the long drying-down in field, the average 100-kernel dry weight was 32.0 g ranging from 22.9 g to 38.4g and the average kernel moisture content was 17.3% ranged from 12.9% to 24.4%. Before physiological maturity, the kernel weight increased significantly with the days after pollination. After physiological maturity, the kernel moisture content reduced significantly while the kernel weight kept stable. There was no statistically significant correlation between the kernel moisture content and the kernel weight after physiological maturity.【Conclusion】In Huang-huai-hai Plain, during the drying-down in field, corn kernel moisture content reduced significantly after physiological maturity while kernel dry weight was stable. The delayed harvest is of help for lower kernel moisture content and can’t decrease the yield due to the loss of kernel weight.

Key words: Huang-Huai-Hai, summer maize, physiological maturity, kernel weight, grain moisture content

[1]    柳枫贺, 王克如, 李健, 王喜梅, 孙亚玲, 陈永生, 王玉华, 韩冬生, 李少昆. 影响玉米机械收粒质量因素的分析. 作物杂志, 2013(4): 116-119.
LIU F H, WANG K R, LI J, WANG X M, SUN Y L, CHEN Y S, WANG Y H, HAN D S, LI S K. Factors affecting corn mechanically harvesting grain quality. Crops, 2013(4): 116-119. (in Chinese)
[2]    谢瑞芝, 雷晓鹏, 王克如, 郭银巧, 柴宗文, 侯鹏, 李少昆. 黄淮海夏玉米籽粒机械收获研究初报. 作物杂志, 2014(2): 76-79.
XIE R Z, LEI X P, WANG K R, GUO Y Q, CHAI Z W, HOU P, LI S K. Research on corn mechanically harvesting grain quality in Huanghuaihai Plain. Crops, 2014(2): 76-79. (in Chinese)
[3]    雷晓鹏. 黄淮海地区玉米机械收获籽粒可行性研究 [D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2015.
LEI X P. Studies on the feasibility of maize mechanically harvesting grain in Huanghuaihai Regions [D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2015. (in Chinese)
[4]    郭庆辰, 康浩冉, 王丽娥, 刘洪泉, 陈艳花, 白光红, 窦秉德. 黄淮区籽粒机收玉米标准及育种模式探讨. 农业科技通讯, 2016(1): 159-162.
GUO Q C, KANG H R, WANG L E, LIU H Q, CHEN Y H, BAI G H, DOU B D. The standard of corn grain mechanical harvest and breeding mode in Huang-Huai Region. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology,2016(1): 159-162. (in Chinese)
[5]    MILES S R. Rates of Maturing and Field Drying of Some Dent Corn Hybrids and Varieties. Agronomy Mimeo. America: University of Maryland, 1940: 3.
[6]    杨国航, 张春原, 孙世贤, 刘春阁, 王卫红, 赵久然. 夏玉米子粒收获期判定方法研究. 作物杂志, 2006(5): 11-13.
YANG G H, ZHANG C Y, SUN S X, LIU C G, WANG W H, ZHAO J R. Study on the harvest date of summer maize. Crops, 2006(5): 11-13. (in Chinese)
[7]    孟庆平, 张玉权, 常淑娟, 李桂杰, 李静, 李柏春, 刘凤才. 玉米最佳收获期的主要相关性状研究初探. 玉米科学, 2007, 15(增刊): 117-118.
MENG Q P, ZHANG Y Q, CHANG S J, LI G J, LI J, LI B C, LIU F C. A preliminary study on the main related traits about the best harvest time of maize. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2007, 15(suppl.1): 117-118. (in Chinese)
[8]    刘京宝, 房志勇, 赵霞, 黄璐, 夏来坤, 冯保荣, 刘麦囤. 河南省夏玉米最佳收获期研究. 河南农业科学, 2011, 40(6):46-48, 55.
LIU J B, FANG Z Y, ZHAO X, HUANG L, XIA L K, FENG B R, LIU M T. Study on optimum harvest date of summer maize in Henan province. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 40(6): 46-48, 55. (in Chinese)
[9]    SHAW R H, LOOMIS W E. Basis for the prediction of corn yields. Plant physiology 25(2): 225-244., 1950,
[10]   DAYNARD T B, DUNCAN W G. The black layer and grain maturity in corn. Crop Science, 1969, 9(4): 473-476.
[11]   AFUAKWA J J, CROOKSTON R K. Using the kernel milk line to visually monitor grain maturity in maize. Crop Science, 1984, 24(4): 687-691.
[12]   HUNTER J L, TEKRONY D M, MILES D F, EGLI D B. Corn seed maturity indicators and their relationship to uptake of carbon-14 assimilate. Crop Science, 1991, 31(5): 1309-1313.
[13]   CARTER M W, PONELEIT C G. Black layer maturity and filling period among inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.). Crop Science, 1973, 13(4): 436-439.
[14]   BAUTE T, HAYES A, MCDONALD I, REID K. Agronomy guide for field crops [2017-03-20] . http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/ crops/pub811/2limeph.htm
[15]   NEWTON S D, EAGLES H A. Development traits affecting time to low ear moisture in maize. Plant Breeding, 1991, 106(1): 58-67.
[16]   DAYNARD T B. Relationships among black layer formation, grain moisture percentage, and heat unit accumulation in corn. Agronomy Journal, 1972, 64(6): 716-719.
[17]   MA B L, DWYER L M. Maize kernel moisture, carbon and nitrogen concentrations from silking to physiological maturity. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2001, 81(2): 225-232.
[18]   王振华, 张忠臣, 常华章, 金益, 王立丰. 黑龙江省38个玉米自交系生理成熟期及子粒自然脱水速率的分析. 玉米科学, 2001, 9(2): 53-55.
WANG Z H, ZHANG Z C, CHANG H Z, JIN Y, WANG L F. Analysis of physiological mature stage and kernel naturally dry-down rate in 38 corn inbred lines in Heilongjiang. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2001, 9(2): 53-55. (in Chinese)
[19]   KNITTLE K H, BURRIS J S. Effect of kernel maturation on subsequent seedling vigor in maize. Crop Science, 1976, 16(6): 851-855.
[20]   ELMORE R W, ROETH F W. Corn kernel weight and grain yield stability during post-maturity dry down. Journal of Production Agriculture, 1999, 12(2): 300-305.
[21]   PORDESIMO L O, SAXTON A M, PAUL L E, BELLM R C. Investigation into grain dry matter loss during field drying of corn. The 2006 American Society of Agriculture and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting, Portland, 2006 .
[22]   NIELSEN R L, BROWN G, WUETHRICH K, HALTER A. Kernel dry weight loss during post-maturity dry down intervals in corn [2007-10-07]. http://www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/corn/research/rpt94- 01.htm
[23]   FINCK C. Field dry down robs yield. Farm Journal, 1995, 119(11): 14-15.
[24]   PASZKIEWICZ S R, CERWICK S F, CAVALIER A J, REESE K D, JONES G G, ZINSELMEIER C, WALL S J. Post-black layer changes in maize grain dry mass. Agronomy Abstracts. Madison Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy, 1996, 110.
[25]   朱珉仁. Morgan-Mercer-Flodin模型和Weibull模型的拟合. 数学的实践与认识, 2003, 33(1): 1-4.
ZHU M R. Fitting Morgan-Mercer-Flodin model and Weibull model. Mathematics in Practice and Theory, 2003, 33(1): 1-4. (in Chinese)
[26]   REID L M, ZHU X, MORRISON M J, WOLDEMARIAM T, VOLOACA C, WU J, XIANG K. A non-destructive method for measuring maize kernel moisture in a breeding program. Maydica, 2010, 55(2): 163-171.
[27]   向葵. 玉米籽粒脱水速率测定方法优化及遗传研究 [D]. 成都: 四川农业大学, 2011.
XIANG K. Genetic analysis and measuring method development of kernel fast dry down rate in maize [D]. Chengdu: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2011. (in Chinese)
[28]   REID L M, MORRISOM M J, ZHU X Y, WU J H, WOLDEMERIAM T, VOLOACA C, XIANG K. Selecting maize for rapid kernel drydown: Timing of moisture measurement. Maydica, 2014, 59(1): 9-15.
[29]   SAUL R A, STEELE J L. Why damaged shelled corn costs more to dry. Agricultural Engineering, 1966, 47(6): 325-329, 337.
[1] WANG YaFei, YAN Peng, XUE JinTao, DONG XueRui, MENG FanQi, GUO LiNa, LUO Yi, ZHANG Juan, DONG ZhiQiang, LU Lin. Effects of Ethephon-Glycine Betaine-Salicylic Acid Mixture on Root System Architecture, Physiological Function and Yield of Maize Under Heat Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1439-1455.
[2] KONG Yuan, CUI ShaSha, LI Mei, LI Jian, YANG SiYu, FANG Feng, LIU ShuaiShuai, LIU MingPing, ZENG Yan, GAO XingXiang, BAI LianYang. Spatiotemporal Distribution Dynamics of Five Grass Weed Species Including Lolium multiflorum in Winter Wheat Fields of the Huang- Huai-Hai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 807-823.
[3] XUE YuQi, ZHAO JiYu, SUN WangSheng, REN BaiZhao, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng, ZHANG JiWang. Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on Yield and Quality of Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1535-1549.
[4] WANG TongChao, YU NingNing, CUI Dong, REN BaiZhao, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng, REN Hao, XIONG Wei, ZHANG JiWang. Regulation of Fertilization and Kernel Set Characteristics in Summer Maize by Planting Density Under Drip Fertigation Conditions [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5156-5174.
[5] GAO ChunHua, ZHAO HaiJun, ZHAO FengTao, KONG WeiLin, JU FeiYan, LI ZongXin, SHI DeYang, LIU Ping. Effect of Growth Regulators on the Stem Characteristics and Yield of Summer Maize in Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4920-4935.
[6] GAO ShangJie, LIU XingRen, LI YingChun, LIU XiaoWan. Effects of Biochar and Straw Return on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Global Warming Potential in the Farmland [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(5): 935-949.
[7] SHI DeYang, LI YanHong, WANG FeiFei, XIA DeJun, JIAO YanLin, SUN NiNa, ZHAO Jian. Regulation Effects of Line-Spacing Expansion and Row-Spacing Shrinkage on Dry Matter and Nutrient Accumulation and Transport of Summer Maize Under High Plant Density [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(23): 4658-4672.
[8] GUO Ya, REN Hao, WANG HongZhang, ZHANG JiWang, ZHAO Bin, REN BaiZhao, LIU Peng. High Temperature and Drought Combined Stress Inhibited Photosystem Ⅱ Performance and Decreased Grain Yield of Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(21): 4205-4220.
[9] QI Xin, WANG Yang, HUANG YuFang, YE YouLiang, GUO YuLong, ZHAO YaNan. Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis Method Based on Mobile Phone Image of Summer Maize Canopy [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(20): 4094-4106.
[10] LIU ShuiMiao, GUAN XiaoKang, ZHAO ZhiHeng, WANG JingHui, LIU ShiLong, GAO PeiMeng, WANG YanLi, WU PengNian, GAO ChenKai, LI YuMing, SHAO Jing, YU HaoLin, WANG TongChao, WEN PengFei. Residual Effects of Tillage Regime on Soil Moisture Dynamics, Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield of Summer Maize in Wheat-Maize Double Cropping System [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(18): 3568-3585.
[11] ZHAO HuaRong, ZHOU GuangSheng, QI Yue, GENG JinJian, TIAN XiaoLi. Effects of Sowing Date Adjustment on Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize in Northern Area of North China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(15): 2964-2985.
[12] MA ShengLan, KUANG FuHong, LIN HongYu, CUI JunFang, TANG JiaLiang, ZHU Bo, PU QuanBo. Effects of Straw Incorporation Quantity on Soil Physical Characteristics of Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System in the Central Hilly Area of Sichuan Basin [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(7): 1344-1358.
[13] LIU Meng, ZHANG Yao, GE JunZhu, YANG YongAn, WU XiDong, HOU HaiPeng. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Delayed Harvest Summer Maize Grain Yield, Superior and Inferior Grains Morphology and Weight Under Different Rainfall Years [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(20): 3975-3995.
[14] HOU LiangYu, ZHANG ZhenTao, HUANG ZhaoFu, LI LuLu, GUO YaNan, MING Bo, XIE RuiZhi, HOU Peng, XUE Jun, WANG KeRu, LI ShaoKun. Reforming the Cropping System to Achieve Maize Mechanical Grain Harvesting in Northern Huang-Huai-Hai Area of China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(19): 3788-3798.
[15] YU HaoDong, CHU ZhenYu, WANG ShunYuan, GUO YanQing, REN BaiZhao, ZHANG JiWang. Effects of Different Controlled Nitrogen Ratios on Leaf Senescence and Grain Filling Characteristics of Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(18): 3511-3529.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备09089781号-30
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Tel: 86-010-82106279    E-mail: zgnykx@mail.caas.net.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd