Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (21): 4231-4238.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.21.017

• ANIMAL SCIENCE·VETERINARY SCIENCERE·SOURCE INSECT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Differences of Methyl Donor S-adenosylmethionine Synthesis and Metabolism Between Apis mellifera ligustica Queen Bee Larvae and Worker Bee Larvae

WANG Li, WANG Hong-fang, XU Bao-hua   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong
  • Received:2016-05-13 Online:2016-11-01 Published:2016-11-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to research the differences of synthesis and metabolism of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) between Apis mellifera queen bee and worker bee larvae, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the study of DNA methylation and caste differentiation. 【Method】 A total of 890 1-day-old female bee larvae selected from 5 colonies of sister queen group, respectively. Among the 890 larvae, 445 larvae were bred to the king (89 in each colony) and the other 445 larvae were put in the original group so that they can develop toward the worker caste naturally (89 in each colony). The 3-, 4- and 5-day-old queen bee and worker bee larvae were taken to measure the differences of gene expression and enzyme activities of the key enzymes of SAM biosynthesis and metabolism in vivo.【Result】The content of SAM in queen bee larvae didn’t change significantly with the increased days of age (P＞0.05). The SAM content of worker bee larvae increased with the increase of days (P＜0.05). The gene expression of SAMS in queen bee larvae showed a gradient descent trend with increasing age (P＜0.01); but the gene expression of SAMS in worker bee larvae did not change significantly with the increase of days of age (P＞0.05). The gene expression of SAMS in queen bee larva was higher than worker bee larvae at 3- and 4-day-old obviously (P＜0.05), but the gene expression of SAMS in worker bee larva was higher than queen bee larvae obviously at 5-day-old (P＜0.05). The gene expression of Dnmt1a and Dnmt3 was not different significantly between the two types (P＞0.05). The gene expression of Dnmt1a in queen bee larvae showed no significant change with the increase of days of age (P＞0.05), but the enzyme activity of Dnmt1 in queen bee larvae decreased with the increase of days of age (P＜0.05). The gene expression of Dnmt1a was decreased with the increase of days of age in worker bee larvae (P＞0.05), but the enzyme activity of Dnmt1 showed a rising trend (P＜0.01). The enzyme activity of Dnmt1 in queen bee larvae was higher than the worker bee larvae significantly at 3-, 4-day-old (P＜0.05), but the enzyme activity of Dnmt1 in worker bee larvae was higher than the queen bee larvae significantly at 5-day-old (P＜0.05). The gene expression of Dnmt3 in queen bee larvae showed a decreasing trend with the increased days of age (P＜0.05), the gene expression of Dnmt3 in worker bee larvae showed no significant change with the increased days of age (P＞0.05). The enzyme activity of Dnmt3 changed in queen bee larva was not significant with the increased days of age (P＞0.05), the enzyme activity of Dnmt3 changed significantly in worker bee larvae with the increased days of age (P＜0.05), but the enzyme activity of Dnmt3 in queen bee larvae were higher significantly than that of worker bee larvae at 3-, 4- and 5-day-old (P＜0.01). 【Conclusion】There were some differences of the methyl donor (SAM) synthesis and metabolism between queen bee larvae and worker bee larvae at 3-, 4- and 5-day-old. Synthesis of SAM in queen bee larvae was more active than the worker bee larvae before 4-day-old and close to worker bee larvae after 4-day-old. The metabolism process of SAM participating in DNA maintenance methylation in queen bee larvae were more active than worker bee larvae before 4-day-old, but lower than worker bee larvae after 4-day-old. The metabolism process of SAM participating in de novo methylation of DNA in queen bee larva was not lower than worker bee larvae from 3- to 5-day-old.

Key words: Apis mellifera ligustica;queen larvae, worker larvae, methyl donor, synthesis, metabolize

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