亚种间杂交稻不同冠层叶形组合产量差异及其形成机理

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.12.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study was to reveal the difference of grain yield and its formation mechanism between clown leaf moderate type(CLMT) and clown leaf long type(CLLT) of Yongyou series of indica-japonica-hybrid-rice under the super high yield cultivation conditions. 【Method】 A field experiment was conducted with CLMT combination such as A26/F9250, A16/F9250, Yongyou 12, Yongyou 13 and CLLT combination such as A43/F8585, A41/ F8585, Yongyou 15, Yongyou 11 as materials in rice-wheat cropping areas (Yangzhou, Changshu of Jiangsu) in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2011-2012. Difference in grain yield, the sink structure, stem and sheath material accumulation and transfer, photosynthetic characteristics and superior and inferior grain-filling characteristics between CLMT and CLLT of indica-japonica hybrid rice were analyzed systematically. 【Result】 Under the super high yield cultivation conditions, the grain yield of CLMT was significantly higher than that of CLLT, the yields of CLMT were 11.62 t•hm-2(Changshu, 2011), 11.98 t•hm-2(Yangzhou, 2011), 12.51 t•hm-2(Changshu, 2011), and 12.30 t•hm-2(Yangzhou, 2011), and were 8.85%, 9.75%, 9.60%, and 10.26% higher than those of CLLT, respectively. Effective panicles, effective spikelets per panicle, total spikelets of the CLMT were higher than those of CLLT. Total sink weight of CLMT was equal with CLLT, while 1000- grain weight, filling index of the CLMT were lower than those of CLLT. It was indicated that the increasement of filling index was the key point of higher yield of CLMT. Stem and sheath weight at heading and milky stages, stem and sheath apparent output, apparent output rate, apparent transfer rate from heading to maturity of CLMT were lower than that of CLLT, but stem and sheath weight in maturity, the maximum output, the maximum output rate, maximum transport rate from heading to milk stage of CLMT was higher than those of CLLT. It was found that translocation mechanism of stem and sheath of CLMT was more reasonable than those of CLLT. Leaf area index of CLMT was lower than that of CLLT at heading stage, and equal to that of CLLT at milk stage, and higher than that of CLLT at maturity . Photosynthetic rate of flag leaf of CLMT was equal to that of CLLT at heading and milk stages, and was higher than that of CLLT at maturity stage. Leaf area duration of CLMT was equal to that of CLLT from heading stage to milk stage and was higher than that of CLLT from milky stage to maturity stage. The decreasing rate of leaf area and photosynthetic rate of CLMT were lower than those of CLLT both from heading to milk stage and from milk stage to maturity. It was indicated that CLMT had photosynthetic production advantages during the late solid phase. For superior grain, initial growth power (Ro), time of the relative maximum grain filling rate (Tmax), active grain filling period (D) and effective filling time (T99) of CLMT were higher or longer than those of CLLT, while the relative maximum grain filling rate (RGRmax), the relative average grain filling rate (RGRmean) in superior grain of CLMT were lower slightly than those of CLLT. For inferior grain, RO of CLMT was lower than that of CLLT, while Tmax, D, T99, RGRmax, RGRmean of CLMT were longer or higher than those of CLLT. Both for superior grain and for inferior grain, the grain filling rate of CLMT was higher than those of CLLT. 【Conclusion】Under the mechanized and simplified super high cultivation conditions, there was no big difference in total sink weight between CLMT and CLLT, but matter translocation of stem and sheath at early grain filling stage, photosynthetic characteristics at later grain filling stage of CLMT were higher than that of CLLT, therefore，the grain filling rate and yield of CLMT were higher than that of CLLT. Reasonable stem sheath matter transport mechanism, strong photosynthetic production performance and gentle lasting filling characteristics were the mainly physiological basis of the formation of the yield advantage.

Key words: intersubspecific hybrid rice , crown leaf moderate , crown leaf long type , yield , formation mechanism

JIANG Yuan-Hua, ZHANG Hong-Cheng, WEI Hai-He, ZHAO Ke, XU Jun-Wei, DAI Qi-Gen, HUO Zhong-Yang, XU Ke, WEI Hai-Yan, GUO Bao-Wei. Difference of Yield and Its Formation Mechanism of Indica-Japanica Inter-Subspecific Hybrid Rice with Different Canopy Leaf Types[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(12): 2313-2325.

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Difference of Yield and Its Formation Mechanism of Indica-Japanica Inter-Subspecific Hybrid Rice with Different Canopy Leaf Types

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