Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of the study is to prove up the heredity polymorphism of indigenous chicken breeds and import breeds, and explore the utility of COⅠ gene as DNA barcoding for identifying these chicken breeds.【Method】 The COⅠgene in fifteen chicken breeds was amplified by using PCR and sequencing. 【Result】 The results revealed that the selective sequence of COⅠhad 38 SNPs. The Hd and Pi of fifteen chicken breeds were 0.970 and 0.602%, respectively, and the import breeds were lower than the indigenous chicken breeds (except Zang). Kimura 2-parameter distances among the fifteen chicken breeds were 0.056%-0.917%, and within the chicken breeds were 0-0.346%. DNA taxonomy is consistent with morphological taxonomy among the fifteen chicken breeds. The divergence between import breeds and indigenous chicken breeds was much farther.【Conclusion】 The phylogenetic relationships of the breeds can be well resolved by COⅠ gene sequences. It is feasible and effective to identify chicken breeds using DNA barcodes of COⅠ gene.

Key words: indigenous chicken breeds, COⅠgene, DNA barcoding, variety identification