多抗高产小麦新品种川麦82的遗传构成解析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Chuanmai 82 is a new multiple disease-resistant and high-yielding wheat variety bred from the durable disease-resistant germplasm Singh6, developed by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). This study aimed to construct a high-density genotypic map of Chuanmai 82, quantify the genomic contribution rates of its two parental lines, analyze its genetic composition, and clarify the parental origins of genetic loci associated with key traits such as disease resistance and yield. The findings provide a scientific basis for wheat variety improvement and the precise selection of parental lines in breeding programs. 【Method】 The wheat 100K SNP array was used to perform whole‑genome scanning of Chuanmai 82 and its two parents. This enabled a systematic analysis of its genetic architecture. Combined with the functional markers related to important agronomic traits and yield traits carried on the SNP array, the allelic genotype of Chuanmai 82 was analyzed to trace the genetic sources of its disease resistance and yield-related traits.【Result】 Whole-genome analysis indicated that the genetic contributions of the donor parent Singh6 and the recurrent parent Chuanong 16 to Chuanmai 82 were 16.36% and 83.64%, respectively, which aligns with the theoretical expectations of backcross breeding. The contribution rates exhibited a gradient difference across the subgenomes A, B, and D, with A>B>D. At the chromosomal level, the genetic fragments from Singh6 were not uniformly distributed, contributing 49.24% to 86.91% of the genetic components on chromosomes 1B, 2D, 4B, 5D, and 6A, forming significant large-segment donor regions. In contrast, Chuanong 16 contributed over 89% to most of the remaining chromosomes, constituting the genetic background of the variety. Functional marker-based tracing further demonstrated that the stripe rust, leaf rust, and powdery mildew resistance genes in Chuanmai 82 were predominantly derived from Singh6, while the pre-harvest sprouting resistance and yield-related genes were mainly inherited from Chuanong 16.【Conclusion】 This study accurately quantified the genetic composition of Chuanmai 82 at both the genome and chromosome levels. Notably, the genetic contribution of the donor parent Singh6 was concentrated on chromosomes 1B, 2D, 4B, 5D, and 6A, forming large-segment donor regions that retained the genetic diversity of the donor parent. Combined with functional marker analysis, some of these regions were enriched with rust and powdery mildew resistance genes from Singh6. Therefore, the optimal combination of these large-segment donor regions (carrying disease resistance genes) and the high-yield genetic background from Chuanong 16 is likely the key genetic basis for the synergistic enhancement of durable disease resistance and high yield in Chuanmai 82.

Key words: Chuanmai 82, durable resistance, SNP marker, genotypic map, genetic constitution

YAO FangJie, YANG ManYu, GAN XueQin, YANG Ning, ZENG LingYun, LI Jun, YANG WuYun, YANG EnNian. Genetic Composition Analysis of a New Multi-Resistant and High- Yield Wheat Variety, Chuanmai 82[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(16): 3465-3475.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1

Table 1

Fig. 2

Table 2

Functional marker analysis of Chuanmai 82 and its parents Chuannong 16 and Singh6"

性状 Trait	基因 Gene	川农16 Chuannong 16	Singh6	川麦82 Chuanmai 82	性状 Trait	基因 Gene	川农16 Chuannong 16	Singh6	川麦82 Chuanmai 82
条锈病 Stripe rust	Yr5	-	-	-	白粉病 Powdery mildew	Pm2a	-	-	-
	Yr18	-	+	-		Pm21	-	-	-
	Yr26	-	-	-		PmV	-	-	-
	Yr29	-	+	+		Pm12	+	+	+
	Yr30	-	+	+		Pm5e	-	-	-
	Yr75	-	+	+	黄花叶病毒病 Wheat yellow mosaic virus	IWA700	-	-	-
	Yr78	-	+	-	穗发芽 Pre-harvest sprouting	TaSdr-A1	易Prone	NA	易Prone
	Yr80	-	NA	-		TaSdr-B1	易Prone	易Prone	易Prone
	Yr82	-	-	-		TaMFT-3A	易Prone	易Prone	易Prone
	YrZH58	-	-	-		Phs1-3A	抗Resistant	NA	抗Resistant
	YrSP	-	-	-	多酚氧化酶活性 Polyphenol oxidase	Ppo2-B1	低Low	高High	低Low
	QYrsn.nwafu-1BL	-	NA	NA	多酚氧化酶活性 Polyphenol oxidase	Ppo2-D1	高High	高High	H
	QYrxn.nwafu-1BL	+	-	-	籽粒大小Seed size	QGl-4A	小Small	小Small	小Small
	QYrsn.nwafu-2AS	-	-	-	籽粒大小/粒重 Seed size/weight	TaSus2-2A	低Low	低Low	低Low
	QYrqin.nwafu-2AL	+	+	+		TaSus2-2B	高High	低Low	高High
	QYrhm.nwafu-2BC	-	-	-		TaGS2-B1	NA	/	/
	QYrqin.nwafu-2BL	+	NA	+	粒重 Seed weight	TaCwi-A1	高High	低Low	高High
	QYr.nwafu-3BS	NA	+	NA		Tabas1	H	H	低Low
	QYrsn.nwafu-3DL	-	+	-		TaGS5-A1	低Low	低Low	低Low
	QYr.nwafu-4BL	-	-	-		TaGW2-6A	低Low	H	高High
	QYrsn.nwafu-6BS	-	-	-		TaT6P	H	低Low	低Low
	QYrqin.nwafu-6BS	-	-	-	面粉色泽Flour color	Lyce-A1	/	高High	/
叶锈病 Leaf rust	Lr21	-	-	-		TaLCYE-B1	低Low	低Low	低Low
	Lr37	-	-	-	籽粒硬度Grain hardness	Pinb-D1	软Soft	软Soft	软Soft
	Lr46	-	+	+	种皮颜色Bran color	Tamyb10-B1	H	/	/
	Lr67	+	+	+	开花时间 Flower time	TaTOE-B1	NA	H	/
	Lr68	-	-	-		ELF3-B1	晚Late	晚Late	晚Late
	Lr80	-	-	-		Vrn-A1	晚Late	早Early	晚Late
赤霉病 Fusarium head blight	Qfhb.caas-3BL	-	H	-	株高 Plant height	QPht-2D	矮Short	矮Short	矮Short
	QFhb.hbaas-5AS	+	+	+		RHT-8	矮Short	高High	高High
	QFhb.hbaas-5AL	-	+	-		Rht-D1	高High	NA	NA
	QFhb.caas-5AL	-	-	-		Rht24_AP2	高High	H	矮Short

Table 2

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染色体 Chromosome	总差异位点数 No. of total differential SNPs	川农16 Chuannong 16		Singh6
染色体 Chromosome	总差异位点数 No. of total differential SNPs	差异位点数 No. of differential SNPs	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	差异位点数 No. of differential SNPs	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)
1A	533	505	94.75	28	5.25
1B	1109	443	39.95	666	60.05
1D	174	156	89.66	18	10.34
2A	1869	1867	99.89	2	0.11
2B	1158	1151	99.40	7	0.60
2D	329	141	42.86	188	57.14
3A	792	719	90.78	73	9.22
3B	1031	1030	99.90	1	0.10
3D	265	264	99.62	1	0.38
4A	1042	1011	97.02	31	2.98
4B	408	137	33.58	271	66.42
4D	417	415	99.52	2	0.48
5A	954	951	99.69	3	0.31
5B	1133	1054	93.03	79	6.97
5D	197	100	50.76	97	49.24
6A	1230	161	13.09	1069	86.91
6B	1396	1392	99.71	4	0.29
6D	283	282	99.65	1	0.35
7A	961	857	89.18	104	10.82
7B	707	696	98.44	11	1.56
7D	373	352	94.37	21	5.63
A亚基因组Subgenome A	7381	6071	82.25	1310	17.75
B亚基因组Subgenome B	6942	5903	85.03	1039	14.97
D亚基因组Subgenome D	2038	1710	83.91	328	16.09
全基因组Whole Genome	16361	13684	83.64	2677	16.36

Genetic Composition Analysis of a New Multi-Resistant and High- Yield Wheat Variety, Chuanmai 82

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