不同寄主植物对豆大蓟马体内消化酶活性及营养物质含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.21.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Background】Megalurothrips usitatus can successfully develop and reproduce on host plants such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and white bean (Vigna cylindrica), with cowpea being the most suitable host. In contrast, its development and reproductive capacity are significantly limited on wax gourd (Benincasa hispida). 【Objective】The objective of this study is to determine the digestive enzyme activity and nutrient content in M. usitatus after feeding on different hosts, and to explore the adaptation mechanism of M. usitatus to different host plants. 【Method】F₁ adults of M. usitatus reared on cowpeas for 3 d were transferred to petri dishes containing cowpea, green bean, white bean, or wax gourd, with four replicates per treatment. Sampling was conducted at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after feeding. The dynamic changes in the activities of key digestive enzymes (including α-amylase, trehalase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin) were systematically measured. Concurrently, changes in the content of major nutrients, such as glycogen, soluble protein, and fat, were analyzed. 【Result】Significant changes were observed in the activities of digestive enzymes and the content of nutrients in M. usitatus after feeding on different host plants. The activities of various digestive enzymes in M. usitatus fed on cowpea, green bean and white bean were generally higher than those fed on wax gourd. Specifically, the α-amylase activity of M. usitatus fed on cowpea was the highest (1.33 mg·min^-1·mg^-1 protein), along with high trehalase activity (469.80 nmol·min^-1·mg^-1 protein). Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities reached 20.42 and 24.86 U·mg^-1 protein, respectively. M. usitatus fed on green bean had the highest α-amylase activity (1.49 mg·min^-1·mg^-1 protein), but the activities of trehalase (304.81 nmol·min^-1·mg^-1 protein) and two proteases were slightly lower than those of cowpea group. Trehalase activity in white bean group was significantly decreased (175.61 nmol·min^-1·mg^-1 protein), while trypsin activity was increased (21.15 U·mg^-1 protein). In contrast, all enzyme activities of M. usitatus fed on wax gourd were at the lowest level, the trehalase activity was only 152.89 nmol·min^-1·mg^-1 protein. Regarding nutrient content, glycogen content (1.61 mg·mg^-1 protein) and fat content (5.54 μg per individual) were highest in M. usitatus fed on cowpea, while the lowest values were observed in the wax gourd group (glycogen content 0.79 mg·mg^-1 protein; fat content 3.37 μg per individual). 【Conclusion】Different host plants significantly influenced the digestive enzyme activities and nutrient contents of M. usitatus. M. usitatus rapidly adjusted these physiological parameters after feeding on cowpea, green bean, and white bean, but exhibited slower adaptation on wax gourd. These findings indicate that M. usitatus has higher adaptability to cowpea, green bean, and white bean, whereas its adaptability to wax gourd is comparatively poorer.

Key words: Megalurothrips usitatus, host plant, digestive enzyme, nutrient

WANG HuanTing, HUANG LiFei, CAO XueMei, GONG Rui, SU GuoLian, ZHENG XiaLin, WU MingYue, YANG Lang. Effects of Different Host Plants on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Nutrient Content in Megalurothrips usitatus[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(21): 4429-4438.

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处理时间Treatment time (h)	豇豆V. unguiculata	四季豆P. vulgaris	白豆V. cylindrica	冬瓜B. hispida
0	1.326±0.019Ac	1.326±0.019Ad	1.326±0.019Ab	1.326±0.019Abcd
3	1.528±0.005Aa	1.448±0.002Bc	1.223±0.014Dc	1.277±0.014Ccd
6	1.225±0.006Bd	1.314±0.009Ad	1.310±0.013Ab	1.116±0.009Ce
12	1.181±0.003Ce	1.615±0.028Aa	1.333±0.007Bb	1.221±0.022Cde
24	1.327±0.009Cc	1.432±0.018Bc	1.425±0.003Ba	1.540±0.052Aa
48	1.243±0.012Cd	1.616±0.016Aa	1.313±0.029BCb	1.377±0.066Bbc
72	1.458±0.018ABb	1.541±0.034Ab	1.441±0.011Ba	1.410±0.038Bb

处理时间Treatment time (h)	豇豆V. unguiculata	四季豆P. vulgaris	白豆V. cylindrica	冬瓜B. hispida
0	473.95±1.43Ac	473.95±1.43Aa	473.95±1.43Aa	473.95±1.43Aa
3	421.71±3.40Ae	313.13±2.16Bd	203.43±3.37Cb	144.69±1.36Dd
6	530.03±5.30Ab	222.84±1.85Bf	170.57±2.55Cc	136.44±1.18De
12	417.85±3.04Ae	292.66±2.92Be	134.54±1.56De	157.56±2.44Cc
24	390.21±0.53Af	287.43±2.07Be	193.53±2.33Cb	168.79±2.07Db
48	436.68±1.32Ad	337.66±4.09Bc	157.51±4.80Cd	157.26±1.78Cc
72	622.30±4.99Aa	375.13±2.97Bb	194.09±3.55Cb	152.58±3.83Cc

处理时间Treatment time (h)	豇豆V. unguiculata	四季豆P. vulgaris	白豆V. cylindrica	冬瓜B. hispida
0	15.355±0.595Ae	15.355±0.595Ade	15.355±0.595Ae	15.355±0.595Ad
3	21.398±0.393Ab	19.023±0.297Bb	19.056±0.115Bd	15.708±0.055Cd
6	16.650±0.241Bd	14.699±0.369Ce	22.466±0.116Ab	12.787±0.222De
12	20.395±0.422Bb	17.353±0.213Cc	21.782±0.604Abc	13.421±0.274De
24	17.950±0.376Cc	21.031±0.464Ba	18.414±0.337Cd	24.626±0.237Aa
48	21.357±0.053Ab	20.542±0.321Aa	20.772±0.474Ac	18.839±0.320Bc
72	24.748±0.248Aa	16.457±0.299Ccd	24.387±0.223Aa	20.043±0.217Bb

处理时间Treatment time (h)	豇豆V. unguiculata	四季豆P. vulgaris	白豆V. cylindrica	冬瓜B. hispida
0	21.682±0.214Ad	21.682±0.214Ac	21.682±0.214Aa	21.682±0.214Ab
3	19.948±0.493Be	13.942±0.440Ce	20.256±0.337Bab	24.015±0.638Aa
6	23.907±0.270Ac	21.570±0.260Bc	21.470±0.923Bab	21.935±0.806ABb
12	27.646±0.353Ba	29.391±0.432Aa	11.099±0.658Dd	14.577±0.535Cd
24	24.717±0.469Abc	18.017±0.658Cd	14.145±0.415Dc	21.614±0.212Bb
48	27.606±0.562Aa	21.589±1.110Bc	12.231±0.777Dd	17.535±0.414Cc
72	25.332±0.412Ab	24.334±0.698Ab	19.725±0.338Bb	17.126±0.555Cc

Effects of Different Host Plants on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Nutrient Content in Megalurothrips usitatus

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