新疆褐牛与安格斯牛胴体及肉质性状及脂代谢相关基因表达差异比较

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.22.016

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of carcass, meat quality traits, the expression of their lipid metabolism related genes and the products between Xinjiang brown cattle (XBC) and Angus beef cattle (ABC). 【Method】 Twenty-four-month-old XBC and ABC raised under the same condition were used to do the slaughter experiment with the measurement of carcass traits. Longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous fat tissue samples were collected to evaluate the meat quality traits. The expression of the gene’s mRNA of leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL), lipoprteinlipase (LPL) and their products were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and western blot techniques. 【Result】 1. The net meat rate of XBC was significantly higher than that of ABC (P＜0.01), while the backfat thickness was significantly lower than that of ABC (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference in other carcass traits (P＞0.05). 2. XBC beef color L* was significantly lower than ABC (P＜0.05); the average muscle fiber diameter and cross-sectional area of XBC were significantly higher than that of ABC (P＜0.05); the number of fat cells per unit area of XBC was extremely higher than that of ABC (P＜0.01), and there was no significant difference in other meat quality traits (P＞0.05). 3. No significant differences in the expression levels of FAS, FABP4, HSL, LPL and LEP in longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous fat were found between XBC and ABC (P＞0.05). However, the protein expression of FAS in longissimus dorsi of XBC was extremely lower than that of ABC (P＜0.01), HSL protein was significantly lower than that of ABC (P＜0.05). And the protein expression of HSL in subcutaneous fat in XBC was significantly lower than that of ABC (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 It was suggested that the meat producibility of XBC was better than that of ABC, but ABC had brighter meat color and finer meat fiber with stronger fat depositing potential. The differences in the expression of lipid metabolism-related gene products FAS and HSL between the two breeds might have association with backfat thickness.

Key words: Xinjiang brown cattle, Angus beef cattle, slaughter traits, meat quality, lipid metabolism related genes

CHEN LiJing,CHEN Zhuo,LI Na,SUN YaWei,LI HongBo,SONG WenWen,ZHANG Yang,YAO Gang. Comparison of the Carcass and Beef Quality Traits with the Expression of the Lipid Metabolism Related Genes Between Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Angus Beef Cattle[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(22): 4700-4709.

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References 38

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基因名称 Gene name	序列5′-3′ Sequence	产物大小 Product size(bp)
LEP	F: CTTCAGTGGATGGTCCCTCG	148
LEP	R: AATGGCAGGTTGGTGGGAAA	148
FAS	F: TGAGACAGACCCGAAGTCCT	127
FAS	R: CTCCTCGGGCTTGTCTTGTT	127
FABF4	F: AGATGGTGCTGGAATGTGTCA	103
FABF4	R: GGAGTTCGATGCAAACGTCA	103
HSL	F: AGAGTGCTTCTATGCCTACTGC	117
HSL	R: GACACGGTGAAGCAGAGGTTC	117
LPL	F: CCCGGCTTTGATATTGGGAAG	142
LPL	R: TCAGGGACTTGTCATGGCATT	142
Beta-actin	F: CATGTACGTTGCTATCCAGGC	250
Beta-actin	R: CTCCTTAATGTCACGCACGAT	250

试剂 Reagent	剂量 Dose
Power SYBR Green PCR Master Mix（2×）	5 μL
cDNA	0.5 μL
正向引物Forward primer	0.25 μL
反向引物Reverse primer	0.25 μL
无酶水RNase free dH₂O	4 μL
总容积Total volume	10 μL

性状 Traits	单位 Unit	XBC	ABC	P值 P value
活体重Body weight	kg	704.0±29.90	798.0±33.60	0.077
胴体重Carcass weight	kg	423.0±15.60	459.0±28.60	0.306
净肉重Net meat weight	kg	320.0±11.40	300.0±23.90	0.464
骨重Bone weight	kg	69.7±3.96	75.6±2.73	0.251
屠宰率Slaughter rate	%	60.3±2.28	59.4±0.41	0.735
净肉率Net meat rate	%	45.6±1.50A	39.9±0.60B	0.010
肉骨比Meat bone ratio	%	4.6±0.18	4.0±0.31	0.097
肌间脂肪Intermuscular fat	%	6.98±1.36	8.8±0.84	0.278
背膘厚度Backfat thickness	cm	1.0±0.10a	1.7±0.22b	0.021
眼肌面积Loin eye muscle area	cm²	92.7±3.09	98.1±3.35	0.261

性状 Traits	单位 Unit	XBC	ABC	P 值 P value
肉色L值 Meat Color-L	-	28.69±2.06a	31.43±2.15b	0.032
肉色a值 Meat Color-a	-	11.99±5.87	15.91±3.29	0.149
肉色b值 Meat Color-b	-	3.64±1.86	4.60±1.37	0.296
灰分Ash	%	1.56±0.78	1.05±0.27	0.131
水分Muscle moisture	%	74.20±2.61	73.2±2.69	0.505
肌内脂肪Intramuscular fat	%	1.80±0.37	1.81±0.17	0.993
嫩度Tenderness	N	5.65±1.52	5.78±1.91	0.922

	单位 Unit	XBC	ABC	P值 P value
肌纤维直径 Muscle fiber diameter	μm	41.52±0.42a	32.86±0.24b	0.024
肌纤维密度 Muscle fiber density	Number/mm2	236.95±45.34	291.21±24.66	0.260
单根肌纤维横截面积 Single muscle fiber cross-sectional area	μm2	1495.02±31.92a	921.81±14.14b	0.033

Comparison of the Carcass and Beef Quality Traits with the Expression of the Lipid Metabolism Related Genes Between Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Angus Beef Cattle

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	单位 Unit	XBC	ABC	P值 P value
细胞面积 Adipocyte area	μm2	2012.15±532.54	2154.29±389.64	0.1520
细胞个数 Adipocyte number	Number/mm2	365.42±100.23A	306.48±60.91B	0.0011

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