2000—2010年欧洲耕地时空格局变化分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.06.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Aimed at exploring quantity, range, spatial position and conversion types of cultivated land change in Europe over 2000-2010, the study scientifically described general characteristics of cultivated lands in Europe during the ten years. 【Method】Based on GlobeLand30, mathematical statistics method, spatial analysis of GIS and batch processing of Python were applied to compute multi-dimensional indicators, such as quantity, range, variance of cultivated land change, cultivation index, as well as conversion-in rate and conversion-out rate of cultivated land area. 【Result】The total cultivated land area of Europe in 2010 was 42820.84×10⁴ hm². Different region had different proportions: east Europe (51.17%), south Europe (19.07%), central Europe (13.62%), west Europe (13.31%), and north Europe (2.83%). The distribution of cultivated land in Europe was relatively concentrated. The European cultivated land Top 10 countries composed 82.17% of European total cultivated land in 2010. Generally the cultivated land area increased 220.90×10⁴ hm² over 2000-2010 in Europe and the percentage was only 0.52%. To be specific, the foot of mountains and the sides of rivers were the expansion areas, but cultivated lands in the high altitudes and cold climate. The cultivated lands in north Europe (1.25%), east Europe (0.88%) and west Europe (0.64%) increased in different degrees, while the rest decreased. In north and east Europe, the change of cultivated land area was drastic within a country, while it was opposite in west and central Europe. In south Europe, the change of cultivated land area varied from country to country. The total cultivation index of Europe in 2010 was 18.71%. And five geographical zones ranked from high to low were: west Europe (61.17%), central Europe (57.64%), south Europe (49.24%), east Europe (12.20%), and north Europe (9.16%). Furthermore, the conversion between cultivated lands and other lands cover types only accounted for 4%, among which the conversion between cultivated land and forest, grassland, shrubland, artificial surfaces were the most obvious. In east Europe, vast grassland conversed most to cultivated land, while what conversed most to cultivated land in south Europe, west Europe and central Europe was artificial surface. 【Conclusion】Cultivated lands in Europe mainly concentrated in East Europe, while certain countries located in islands, mountainous areas and cold climate zones had few cultivated lands. At a spatial scale, cultivated lands in Europe appeared stable in the majority with some small change. Generally the change of cultivated land area was mild within a country but still had marked regional difference. During the ten years, the increases of cultivation index were slight. Although the proportion of conversion between cultivated land and other land cover was small, it still had predominantly regional difference. Tiny increase in forest and artificial surfaces but sharp reduction in grassland in contrast caused potential pressure to ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of cultivated lands. The findings could provide scientific support to the national agricultural trade, the “Agricultural Going-out”, utilities of domestic and foreign resources as well as the national strategy of propelling “The Belt and Road”.

Key words: Europe, cultivated land use, spatial distribution, temporal changes, GlobeLand30

XIANG MingTao, WU WenBin, HU Qiong, CHEN Di, LU Miao, YU QiangYi . Spatial-Temporal Changes in Cultivated Lands in Europe over 2000-2010[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(6): 1121-1133.

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