旱作地膜覆盖农田土壤有机碳平衡及氮循环特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.23.004

Abstract

Abstract: With the rapid increase in the application area, the effects of plastic film mulch on the sustainability and productivity of rainfed croplands received more and more attention from society. In this review, after briefly summarizing the yield increase effect of plastic film mulch cropping in semiarid rainfed areas, we focused on recent advances in the field of plastic film mulch effects on the soil organic carbon (SOC) balance and nitrogen (N) cycling. Plastic film mulch, especially when combined with a ridge-furrow approach, significantly relieves the limitations of insufficient hydrothermal conditions to crop production, and thus profoundly increases crop yields and cropland productivity. The yield increase effect has a clear regional variation pattern: being greater in more hydrothermally limited areas than in less hydrothermally limited areas. Literature retrieval showed that studies of plastic film mulch effects on SOC balance and N cycling were scarce in croplands. Limited research results showed that plastic mulch stimulates SOC mineralization while increasing crop root-derived carbon input to the soil, and thus the SOC balance can be maintained. Also, limited research results showed that plastic mulch stimulates soil N mineralization thus increases soil N availability and crop N uptake; however, it is not clear if the plastic film mulch increases denitrification. Plastic mulch influences the fertilizer N use efficiency of crops and leaching and ammonia volatilization losses. According to the current research progresses, we proposed three research directions to be further strengthened: (1) Soil organic matter stability and its reinforcement mechanisms in plastic-mulched croplands. (2) Systematically accessing nutrient management strategy and practice. (3) Investigating and introducing straw mulch and no-tillage cropping in areas where the temperature is not a major limitation to production.

Key words: rainfed farming, plastic film mulch, soil organic carbon balance, soil nitrogen cycling

LI Xiao-gang, LI Feng-min. Soil Organic Carbon Balance and Nitrogen Cycling in Plastic Film Mulched Croplands in Rainfed Farming Systems[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(23): 4630-4638.

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