基于矮败小麦分子育种策略培育黄淮抗赤霉病小麦新品种轮选20

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.19.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (19): 3719-3729.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.19.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

基于矮败小麦分子育种策略培育黄淮抗赤霉病小麦新品种轮选20

买春艳¹^,³(), 刘易科², 刘宏伟³, 李洪杰³, 杨丽³, 吴培培³, 周阳³(), 张宏军³()

¹ 中国农业科学院新乡试验基地管理委员会，河南新乡 453731
² 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，武汉 430064
³ 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室/作物分子育种国家工程实验室，北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-03-20 接受日期:2024-06-03 出版日期:2024-10-01 发布日期:2024-10-09
通信作者:
周阳，E-mail：zhouyang@caas.cn。
张宏军，E-mail：zhanghongjun01@caas.cn
联系方式: 买春艳，E-mail：qifeizhunbei@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101802); 中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ZDRW2020002)

Breeding of the Fusarium Head Blight (FHB)-Resistant Wheat Cultivar Lunxuan 20 Using the Dwarf-Male Sterile Wheat Molecular Strategy in the Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region

MAI ChunYan¹^,³(), LIU YiKe², LIU HongWei³, LI HongJie³, YANG Li³, WU PeiPei³, ZHOU Yang³(), ZHANG HongJun³()

¹ Management Committee of Xinxiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453731, Henan
² Food Institute Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064
³ Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Engineering Research Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100081

Received:2024-03-20 Accepted:2024-06-03 Published:2024-10-01 Online:2024-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】针对黄淮冬麦区抗赤霉病小麦品种短缺问题，开展产量与赤霉病抗性协同改良，为该麦区培育高产抗赤霉病小麦新种源。【方法】以苏麦3号为供体亲本（抗源），以矮败周麦16、周麦16、轮选136和轮选6号为受体亲本，利用骨干亲本矮败小麦结合Fhb1分子标记辅助选择和双单倍体（double haploid，DH）技术（简称矮败小麦分子育种策略）快速获得DH系，并对这些稳定品系进行株高、抽穗期和产量等主要农艺性状评价和赤霉病抗性鉴定。【结果】共获得51份半冬性、矮秆、白粒且携带Fhb1的DH系。在2个环境（2020河南和2020北京）下，51份DH系平均病小穗数分别为5.7和7.3，平均严重度分别为27.7%和35.2%，与中感对照淮麦20无显著差异；平均每公顷产量为8.3 t，略低于对照品种周麦18（8.5 t）。结合赤霉病抗性和主要农艺性状综合评价结果，选择DH116（轮选20）作为重点系进一步进行赤霉病抗性和农艺性状鉴定。单花滴注接种鉴定发现，轮选20在4个环境下均达到中抗-高抗对照抗性水平；每公顷产量在2个环境下均高于对照品种周麦18，每穗小穗数和千粒重显著高于对照（P<0.05），且比对照抽穗更早、植株更矮（P<0.05）。轮选20两年区试分别比对照百农207增产4.6%和1.7%，生产试验比对照增产3.5%；区试利用喷雾和单花滴注2种接种方法综合评价轮选20为中感-中抗赤霉病。分子标记检测发现，轮选20携带半矮秆基因Rht-D1b；在已知春化基因Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1和Vrn-D1位点均携带隐性等位基因。通过小麦660K SNP芯片分析显示，轮选20与4个亲本有64.7% SNP是一致的，亲本周麦16、轮选136、轮选6号和苏麦3号对轮选20的直接遗传贡献率分别为69.8%、12.6%、6.1%和11.5%。【结论】利用矮败小麦分子育种策略，实现了小麦高产和赤霉病抗性协同提高，培育出符合黄淮冬麦区生态类型的高产抗赤霉病小麦品种轮选20。

关键词: 小麦, 赤霉病, Fhb1, 矮败小麦, 双单倍体, 黄淮冬麦区

Abstract:

【Objective】To develop high-yielding and FHB-resistant wheat cultivars in the Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Zone (YHWZ), simultaneously improving of yield and resistance was conducted in this study.【Method】Using the elite parent dwarf male sterile (DMS) wheat combined with double haploid (DH) technology and molecular marker assisted selection (MAS) of Fhb1 (DMS wheat molecular breeding strategy), DH lines were developed using Sumai 3 as a donor (FHB- resistant parent) and Zhoumai 16’s DMS wheat, Zhoumai 16, Lunxuan 136 and Lunxuan 6 as recipient parents. The agronomic traits (plant height, heading date, yield, etc.) and FHB resistance were evaluated for these DH lines.【Result】A total of 51 Fhb1-DH lines characterized by facultative growth habit, semi-dwarf and white grains were selected using this strategy. The average number of infected spikelets of 51 lines were 5.7 and 7.3 at the 2020Henan and 2020Beijing sites, respectively, and average disease severities were 27.7% and 35.2%, which is not different from moderately susceptible control Huaimai 20. There was no significant difference in grain yield per hm² between the mean performance of the 51 lines and the control Zhoumai 18. DH116 (Lunxuan 20), a promising line from the 51 lines, was further evaluated for FHB resistance and agronomic traits in multiple environments. The resistance of Lunxuan 20 to FHB was significantly improved, and no significant difference was found in the number of infected spikelets or disease severity between Lunxuan 20 and moderately or highly resistant controls at four sites. Lunxuan 20 showed slightly greater grain yield per hm², and significantly higher number of spikelets per spike and thousand grain weight (P<0.05), earlier heading date and shorter plant height (P<0.05) than the control Zhoumai 18 in two environments. The grain yield per hm² of Lunxuan 20 was 4.6% and 1.7% higher than the control cultivar Bainong 207 in the two list trials of Henan Province, and 3.5% higher than Bainong 207 in the demonstration trial. Resistance of Lunxuan 20 to FHB ranged from moderate susceptibility to moderate resistance in two-year list tests using the single-floret injection and spray inoculation methods. Lunxuan 20 carries the semi-dwarfing gene Rht-D1b at the Rht-D1 locus, and the recessive alleles vrn-A1, vrn-B1 and vrn-D1 associated with the winter growth habit at the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 loci. Based on the wheat 660K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 64.7% of the SNPs were shared by Lunxuan 20 and its parents, and the direct genetic contributions of Zhoumai 16, Lunxuan 136, Lunxuan 6 and Sumai 3 to Lunxuan 20 were 69.8%, 12.6%, 6.1% and 11.5%, respectively.【Conclusion】A high-yielding and FHB-resistant wheat cultivar Lunxuan 20 was bred using the DMS wheat molecular breeding strategy.

Key words: wheat, Fusarium head blight, Fhb1, dwarf sterile wheat, double haploid, Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Zone

买春艳, 刘易科, 刘宏伟, 李洪杰, 杨丽, 吴培培, 周阳, 张宏军. 基于矮败小麦分子育种策略培育黄淮抗赤霉病小麦新品种轮选20[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(19): 3719-3729.

MAI ChunYan, LIU YiKe, LIU HongWei, LI HongJie, YANG Li, WU PeiPei, ZHOU Yang, ZHANG HongJun. Breeding of the Fusarium Head Blight (FHB)-Resistant Wheat Cultivar Lunxuan 20 Using the Dwarf-Male Sterile Wheat Molecular Strategy in the Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(19): 3719-3729.

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类别 Type	2020河南2020Henan				2020北京2020Beijing
	病小穗数NDS		严重度DS (%)		病小穗数NDS		严重度DS (%)
	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range
对照Controls
苏麦3号Sumai 3	1.3±0.6d	1.0-2.0	6.0±1.7d	4.6-9.4	1.6±1.0d	0.5-5.8	8.1±4.8d	2.4-29.1
扬麦158 Yangmai 158	4.0±0.7c	3.3-4.7	17.5±3.1c	14.0-21.0	3.3±0.7c	1.3-6.5	17.5±3.5c	6.7-35.1
淮麦20 Huaimai 20	5.8±3.7b	2.4-14.4	29.1±19.2b	12.6-74.9	7.0±2.2b	3.7-10.8	40.0±9.5b	20.6-61.0
周麦16 Zhoumai 16	11.1±3.7a	6.9-17.0	50.2±18.2a	29.2-82.3	13.8±2.7a	6.9-21.3	64.6±12.4a	31.6-95.5
51份Fhb1系51 Fhb1-lines	5.7±3.7b	1.2-18.1	27.7±17.5b	6.3-77.2	7.3±1.8b	0.7-14.6	35.2±5.6b	3.6-75.0

类别 Type	抽穗期Heading date (d)		株高Plant height (cm)		产量Grain yield (t·hm^-2)
类别 Type	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	范围 Range
受体亲本Recipient parents
周麦16 Zhoumai 16	179.0±0.0b	179.0-179.0	75.3±1.5d	74.0-77.0	8.1±0.2b	7.9-8.3
轮选136 Lunxuan 136	178.3±0.6b	178.0-179.0	81.0±2.0c	79.0-83.0	8.8±0.3a	8.6-9.1
轮选6号Lunxuan 6	177.7±0.6b	177.0-178.0	72.6±0.7e	72.0-74.0	8.7±0.2ab	8.6-8.9
供体Donor
苏麦3号Sumai 3	174.0±1.0c	173.0-175.0	126.7±3.5a	123.0-130.0	3.8±0.4c	3.5-4.2
对照Control
周麦18 Zhoumai 18	180.7±0.6a	180.0-181.0	84.7±2.1b	83.0-87.0	8.5±0.1ab	8.4-8.6
51份Fhb1系51 Fhb1-lines	178.2±2.4b	176.0-180.0	80.7±4.2bc	74.0-83.0	8.3±0.9ab	5.7-9.9

年份 Year	生育期 GP (d)	株高 PH (cm)	每平方米穗数 SN	每穗粒数 KNPS	千粒重 KW (g)	每公顷产量 GY (t)	比对照增产 CK+(%)	赤霉病抗性 FHB resistance
2021区试 2021 LT	221.4	81.8	521.7	34.8	49.8	7.1	4.6	中抗MR
2022区试 2022 LT	215.9	74.9	541.2	34.9	50.6	8.0	1.7	中感MS
平均 Mean	218.7	78.4	531.5	34.9	50.2	7.6	3.2	-
2023生试 2023 DT	221.2	76.5	548.7	35.3	50.1	7.5	3.5	-

亲本/品种Parent/Cultivar	Rht-B1	Rht-D1	Vrn-A1	Vrn-B1	Vrn-D1
亲本Parents
周麦16 Zhoumai 16	Rht-B1a	Rht-D1b	vrn-A1	vrn-B1	vrn-D1
轮选136 Lunxuan 136	Rht-B1a	Rht-D1b	vrn-A1	vrn-B1	vrn-D1
轮选6号Lunxuan 6	Rht-B1a	Rht-D1b	vrn-A1	vrn-B1	vrn-D1
苏麦3号Sumai 3	Rht-B1a	Rht-D1a	vrn-A1	vrn-B1	Vrn-D1a
品种Cultivar
轮选20 Lunxun 20	Rht-B1a	Rht-D1b	vrn-A1	vrn-B1	vrn-D1

基于矮败小麦分子育种策略培育黄淮抗赤霉病小麦新品种轮选20

Breeding of the Fusarium Head Blight (FHB)-Resistant Wheat Cultivar Lunxuan 20 Using the Dwarf-Male Sterile Wheat Molecular Strategy in the Yellow and Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region

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