中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 474-485.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.002
王君杰,王海岗,曹晓宁,陈凌,刘思辰,田翔,秦慧彬,乔治军()
收稿日期:
2019-06-13
接受日期:
2019-08-20
出版日期:
2020-02-01
发布日期:
2020-02-13
通讯作者:
乔治军
作者简介:
王君杰,E-mail:xiaoleiwangjie@163.com。
基金资助:
WANG JunJie,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,QIAO ZhiJun()
Received:
2019-06-13
Accepted:
2019-08-20
Online:
2020-02-01
Published:
2020-02-13
Contact:
ZhiJun QIAO
摘要:
【目的】 筛选适用于糜子光周期敏感性评价的性状指标,为开展糜子资源光周期敏感性鉴定及相关基因定位和克隆奠定基础。【方法】通过盆栽遮光处理和2个不同光周期生态区大田种植,调查100份糜子试验材料抽穗期、株高、主穗长、地上鲜重、叶片数、节数、旗叶叶面积和千粒重8个主要性状的光周期反应特性,以8个性状数据值建立糜子各个性状的光周期相对敏感度和光周期敏感性综合评价指标D值,并利用2种方法综合评价糜子光周期敏感性。【结果】不同光周期处理糜子8个性状存在显著差异,盆栽各个性状在长日照处理下的表现值显著高于短日照,大田定襄地区各个性状的表现值显著高于三亚地区。盆栽和大田种植模式下,地上鲜重的光周期相对敏感度均最高,千粒重的光周期相对敏感度最低。相关性分析发现,盆栽株高、主穗长、地上鲜重、旗叶叶面积、节数和叶片数与D值都达到极显著正相关,千粒重达到显著正相关,抽穗期达不显著负相关;大田除千粒重与D值达不显著正相关外,其余性状都与D值达到极显著正相关。大田各个农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的简单相关系数排名前三依次是株高(0.867)、地上鲜重(0.811)和主穗长(0.784);盆栽依次是株高(0.787)、主穗长(0.687)和地上鲜重(0.677)。盆栽各个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的回归方程:Y=0.048+0.012X1+0.063X2+0.0446X3+0.053X4+0.036X5+0.016X6+0.024X7-0.011X8;大田各个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的回归方程:Y=0.019+0.034X1+0.094X2+0.066X3+0.080X4+0.057X5+0.028X6+0.011X7+0.139X8;其中,X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6、X7、X8分别代表抽穗期、株高、主穗长、叶片数、节数、旗叶叶面积、地上鲜重和千粒重。回归和通径分析发现,盆栽和大田地上鲜重和株高对光周期敏感综合指标D的直接作用最大,分别为0.383、0.300和0.251、0.250,其次是旗叶叶面积和主穗长,分别为0.295、0.276和0.238、0.249。综合光周期相对敏感度和光周期敏感性综合评价指标D值比较分析,地上鲜重和株高光周期敏感性强,其次是主穗长和旗叶叶面积,千粒重和抽穗期光周期敏感性较弱。【结论】地上鲜重和株高可以作为糜子光周期敏感性主要评价指标性状,旗叶叶面积和主穗长可以作为参考评价指标,千粒重和抽穗期不适合作为糜子光周期敏感性评价指标性状。
王君杰,王海岗,曹晓宁,陈凌,刘思辰,田翔,秦慧彬,乔治军. 糜子不同性状光周期敏感性的综合评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(3): 474-485.
WANG JunJie,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,QIAO ZhiJun. Comprehensive Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity Based on Different Traits of Broomcorn Millet[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(3): 474-485.
表2
不同光周期对糜子8个性状的影响"
性状 Character | 不同处理Different treatments | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
盆栽Pot | 大田Field | ||||
16 h | 8 h | 自然光照Natural light | 定襄Dingxiang | 三亚Sanya | |
抽穗期HD | 43.24±0.26a | 19.20±0.32c | 31.23±0.78b | 40.84±0.98a | 18.71±0.07b |
株高 PH | 123.79±13.43a | 49.3±5.13c | 97.24±6.51b | 163.10±4.55a | 72.43±1.34b |
主穗长PL | 28.84±1.89a | 13.82±1.47c | 25.88±1.94b | 37.64±1.53a | 16.75±0.23b |
叶片数NL | 7.13±0.05a | 4.72±0.11c | 6.49±0.09b | 7.51±0.07a | 4.90±0.04b |
节数NN | 6.15±0.08a | 3.82±0.1c | 5.49±0.07b | 6.52±0.07a | 3.92±0.06b |
旗叶叶面积FLA | 29.12±3.39a | 12.62±2.15b | 28.67±1.71a | 52.80±3.73a | 24.60±2.22b |
地上鲜重AFW | 2.68±0.31a | 1.02±0.02c | 2.24±0.10b | 20.09±2.12a | 5.31±0.56b |
千粒重1000-GW | 6.37±0.05a | 5.31±0.03c | 6.15±0.04b | 6.87±0.34a | 5.20±0.24b |
表3
各个主成分的特征值"
主成分 Component | 性状的初始特征值(盆栽) Initial eigenvalues(pot) | 性状的初始特征值(大田) Initial eigenvalues(field) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值 Eigenvalues | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution (%) | 累计方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution (%) | 特征值 Eigenvalues | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution (%) | 累计方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution (%) | |
1 | 2.668 | 33.354 | 33.354 | 3.982 | 49.777 | 49.777 |
2 | 2.315 | 28.939 | 62.294 | 1.707 | 21.340 | 71.116 |
3 | 0.997 | 12.461 | 74.755 | 0.878 | 10.973 | 82.089 |
4 | 0.870 | 10.874 | 85.629 | 0.613 | 7.662 | 89.751 |
5 | 0.621 | 7.756 | 93.384 | 0.471 | 5.885 | 95.636 |
6 | 0.293 | 3.656 | 97.041 | 0.211 | 2.637 | 98.273 |
7 | 0.182 | 2.271 | 99.312 | 0.108 | 1.345 | 99.618 |
8 | 0.055 | 0.688 | 100.000 | 0.031 | 0.382 | 100.000 |
表4
农艺性状在3个主成分中的加权系数"
性状 Character | 主成分(盆栽)Principal component (pot) | 主成分(大田)Principal component (field) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
抽穗期HD | -0.344 | 0.161 | 0.515 | 0.349 | -0.128 | -0.226 |
株高PH | 0.395 | 0.376 | -0.060 | 0.445 | 0.061 | 0.138 |
主穗长PL | 0.535 | -0.007 | 0.087 | 0.324 | 0.469 | -0.118 |
叶片数NL | -0.109 | 0.622 | -0.020 | 0.390 | -0.406 | 0.269 |
节数NN | -0.087 | 0.621 | -0.034 | 0.378 | -0.417 | 0.281 |
旗叶叶面积FLA | 0.530 | -0.099 | 0.250 | 0.320 | 0.488 | -0.186 |
地上鲜重AFW | 0.281 | 0.161 | 0.567 | 0.415 | 0.140 | -0.065 |
千粒重1000-GW | 0.246 | 0.160 | -0.582 | -0.081 | 0.404 | 0.852 |
表5
农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的相关系数(盆栽)"
性状 Character | 抽穗期 HD | 株高 PH | 主穗长 PL | 叶片数 NL | 节数 NN | 旗叶叶面积 FLA | 地上鲜重 AFW | 千粒重 1000-GW | D值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
抽穗期HD | 1.000 | ||||||||
株高PH | -0.154 | 1.000 | |||||||
主穗长PL | -0.397** | 0.598** | 1.000 | ||||||
叶片数NL | 0.240* | 0.344** | -0.164 | 1.000 | |||||
节数NN | 0.198* | 0.412** | -0.094 | 0.935** | 1.000 | ||||
旗叶叶面积FLA | -0.363** | 0.399** | 0.738** | -0.262** | -0.238* | 1.000 | |||
地上鲜重AFW | -0.021 | 0.245* | 0.240* | 0.141 | 0.082 | 0.412** | 1.000 | ||
千粒重 1000-GW | -0.237* | 0.330** | 0.150 | 0.120 | 0.066 | 0.175 | 0.163 | 1.000 | |
D值 | -0.114 | 0.787** | 0.687** | 0.382** | 0.405** | 0.658** | 0.677** | 0.241* | 1.000 |
表6
农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的相关系数(大田)"
性状 Character | 抽穗期 HD | 株高 PH | 主穗长 PL | 叶片数 NL | 节数 NN | 旗叶叶面积 FLA | 地上鲜重 AFW | 千粒重 1000-GW | D值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
抽穗期HD | 1.000 | ||||||||
株高PH | 0.548** | 1.000 | |||||||
主穗长PL | 0.322** | 0.652** | 1.000 | ||||||
叶片数NL | 0.489** | 0.643** | 0.179 | 1.000 | |||||
节数NN | 0.448** | 0.627** | 0.158 | 0.968** | 1.000 | ||||
旗叶叶面积FLA | 0.244* | 0.514** | 0.756** | 0.164 | 0.150 | 1.000 | |||
地上鲜重AFW | 0.569** | 0.652** | 0.479** | 0.506** | 0.472** | 0.674** | 1.000 | ||
千粒重 1000-GW | -0.218* | -0.032 | 0.089 | -0.234* | -0.238* | 0.062** | -0.048 | 1.000 | |
D值 | 0.536** | 0.867** | 0.784** | 0.576** | 0.551** | 0.773** | 0.811** | 0.195 | 1.000 |
表7
农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的通径分析(盆栽)"
性状 Character | 与D简单相关Simple relevant with D | 直接效应 Direct effect | 间接效应 Indirect effect | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
抽穗期 HD | 株高 PH | 主穗长 PL | 叶片数 NL | 节数 NN | 旗叶叶面积 FLA | 地上鲜重 AFW | 千粒重 1000-GW | |||
抽穗期HD | -0.114 | 0.076 | -0.046 | -0.110 | 0.041 | 0.034 | -0.107 | -0.008 | 0.007 | |
株高PH | 0.787 | 0.300 | -0.012 | 0.165 | 0.059 | 0.071 | 0.118 | 0.094 | -0.009 | |
主穗长PL | 0.687 | 0.276 | -0.030 | 0.180 | -0.028 | -0.016 | 0.218 | 0.092 | -0.004 | |
叶片数NL | 0.382 | 0.171 | 0.018 | 0.103 | -0.045 | 0.162 | -0.077 | 0.054 | -0.003 | |
节数NN | 0.405 | 0.173 | 0.015 | 0.124 | -0.026 | 0.160 | -0.070 | 0.032 | -0.002 | |
旗叶叶面积FLA | 0.658 | 0.295 | -0.027 | 0.120 | 0.204 | -0.045 | -0.041 | 0.158 | -0.005 | |
地上鲜重AFW | 0.677 | 0.383 | -0.002 | 0.074 | 0.066 | 0.024 | 0.014 | 0.122 | -0.005 | |
千粒重 1000-GW | 0.241 | -0.027 | -0.018 | 0.099 | 0.041 | 0.021 | 0.012 | 0.052 | 0.063 |
表8
农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的通径分析(大田)"
性状 Character | 与D简单相关 Simple relevant with D | 直接效应 Direct effect | 间接效应 Indirect effect | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
抽穗期 HD | 株高 PH | 主穗长 PL | 叶片数 NL | 节数 NN | 旗叶叶面积 FLA | 地上鲜重 AFW | 千粒重 1000-GW | |||
抽穗期HD | 0.536 | 0.078 | 0.137 | 0.080 | 0.062 | 0.054 | 0.058 | 0.122 | -0.055 | |
株高PH | 0.867 | 0.250 | 0.043 | 0.163 | 0.082 | 0.076 | 0.123 | 0.140 | -0.008 | |
主穗长PL | 0.784 | 0.249 | 0.025 | 0.163 | 0.023 | 0.019 | 0.180 | 0.103 | 0.023 | |
叶片数NL | 0.576 | 0.127 | 0.038 | 0.160 | 0.045 | 0.117 | 0.039 | 0.109 | -0.059 | |
节数NN | 0.551 | 0.121 | 0.035 | 0.157 | 0.039 | 0.123 | 0.036 | 0.101 | -0.060 | |
旗叶叶面积FLA | 0.773 | 0.238 | 0.019 | 0.128 | 0.189 | 0.021 | 0.018 | 0.144 | 0.016 | |
地上鲜重AFW | 0.811 | 0.251 | -0.017 | -0.008 | 0.022 | -0.030 | -0.029 | 0.015 | -0.010 | |
千粒重 1000-GW | 0.195 | 0.214 | 0.044 | 0.163 | 0.119 | 0.064 | 0.057 | 0.161 | -0.012 |
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