摘要： 目的

研究黄淮西部高粱籽粒产量和品质对气候环境条件的响应,探讨气象因子与高粱产量和品质的关系,为黄淮西部高粱高产、优质、高效生产提供理论和技术参考。

Abstract：【Objective】The objective of this study is to understand the relationship between sorghum yield, quality and climatic factor based on the effect of sorghum yield and quality on different environments.【Method】Sorghum varieties of Liaoza 37 with dwarf height and Liaoza 19 with middle-high height were used as tested materials. Sorghum yield, quality, and climatic factors were measured to explore their relationships by using regression analysis method and grey relational analysis method with different sowing dates (S1： 20 April, S2： 30 April, S3： 10 May, S4： 20 May, S5： 30 May, and S6：10 June). Moreover, the test was designed by randomized block with three repetitions. 【Result】 A significant difference was found in sorghum yield due to different growing seasons and sowing dates (P＜0.01). For interaction effect of sowing date and growing seasons, the differences of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 were significant (P＜0.05, P＜0.01, respectively). The variation that were yield of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 increased firstly then decreased with sowing date postponing, S4 yield was the highest than that of others, and then S5, S1 was last. Average yields of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 from S4 increased by 56.20% and 4.53% than those of S5 and S1. Significant differences of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 were found in contents of quality due to different sowing dates (P＜0.01), and the variation that was contents of protein, fat, and starch increased firstly then decreased with sowing date postponing, average contents of protein, fat, and starch from S4 with 10.81%, 79.96%, and 3.73% were the highest than those of others. However, tannin content was firstly decreased then increased, two low contents with 0.13% and 0.19% were found on S2 and S1, and difference values of 0.33 and 0.27 were existed between S2, S1, and S6 with the highest content of tannin. Sorghum yield was affected by climatic factors. A linear function was found between yields of Liaoza 37, Liaoza 19 and effective precipitation (R ²=0.5910, R ²=0.5138), quadratic function existed between effective temperature (R ²=0.3458, R ²=0.4269), daily sunshine duration (R ²=0.3247, R ²=0.3464), and yields of Liaoza37, Liaoza 19. Moreover, responses of average daily temperature on yields of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 were linear function (R ²=0.6636) and quadratic function (R ²=0.3507), respectively. The effective precipitation with the highest grey relation coefficient (0.389) was a key factor for yield development of Liaoza 37 and Liaoza19, and effective temperature (0.322), average dairy temperature (0.312), and daily sunshine duration (0.265) were ordinal. Climatic factors had effect on the contents of protein, fat, starch, and tannin, and responses of the quality from Liaoza 37 and Liaoza 19 on climatic factors were different. The effective precipitation, the effective temperature, the effective precipitation, and average dairy temperature with the highest grey relation coefficients of 0.646, 0.587, 0.458, and 0.269 had important effect on development of protein, starch, fat, and tannin in Liaoza 37, respectively. Moreover, average dairy temperature with the highest grey relation coefficients of 0.660, 0.791, 0.554, and 0.241 had important effect on development of protein, starch, fat, and tannin in Liaoza 19, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The suitable sowing date was a key factor for growth and development of sorghum, and the fit postponed sowing date was good for yield and quality development due to avoiding heat damage in anthesis and rainy in mature period. Yield and quality of sorghum were affected by climatic factors, and they may play more important role on yield and quality development of sorghum than that of variety.