杂交稻对产量和氮素利用率影响的荟萃分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.08.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】与常规稻相比,杂交稻具有更高的产量潜力。但是,对杂交稻和常规稻在氮素利用率上的差异尚存争议。本研究采用Meta分析以明确杂交稻对产量和氮素利用率的影响。【方法】以常规稻为对照,杂交稻为处理,筛选出56篇文献,建立了包含367对观测值的数据库。利用Meta分析方法,针对不同杂交稻类型、氮肥施用量及施用次数、土壤全氮、土壤碳氮比和土壤质地,探究了杂交稻对产量和氮素利用率的影响。【结果】与常规稻相比,杂交稻显著提高了产量（+11%）和生物量（+14%）,而对收获指数无显著性影响。在各氮肥施用水平下,与常规稻相比,杂交稻均显著提高了产量;然而,随着氮肥施用量的增加,杂交稻的增产优势显著降低。另外,与常规稻相比,杂交稻显著提高了氮素吸收（+8.1%）、氮素生理利用率（+2.9%）和氮素回收率（+3.6个单位）。【结论】与常规稻相比,杂交稻能够提高产量和氮素利用率。本研究为评估杂交稻的推广应用对我国水稻产量和氮素利用率的影响提供了数据支撑。

关键词: 杂交稻, 常规稻, 产量, 氮素利用率, 荟萃分析

Abstract:

【Objective】Hybrid rice has a higher yield potential than inbred rice, but the difference in nitrogen (N) use efficiency between hybrid rice and inbred rice remains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of hybrid rice on yield and N use efficiency through meta-analysis techniques. 【Method】The peer-reviewed articles were collected, which included inbred rice as the control in comparison with a hybrid rice treatment. In total, the dataset included 56 studies involving 367 paired observations. Then, the meta-analysis was conducted to identify the response of grain yield and N use efficiency to hybrid rice as affected by hybrid type, N rate, the number of N application, soil total N content, the ratio of soil organic carbon to N, and soil texture. 【Result】Overall, the hybrid rice significantly increased rice yield (+11%) and biomass (+14%), but did not affect harvest index compared with inbred rice. Hybrid rice could improve rice yield relative to inbred rice under various N rates. However, the increase in rice yield under hybrid rice reduced with increasing N application rates. Moreover, the hybrid rice significantly increased N uptake, N physiological efficiency, and N recovery efficiency by 8.1%, 2.9%, and 3.6 units, respectively. 【Conclusion】Hybrid rice could improve yield and N use efficiency relative to inbred rice, which provided an insight to evaluate the effect of hybrid rice on grain yield and N use efficiency in China.

Key words: hybrid rice, inbred rice, yield, N use efficiency, meta-analysis

廖萍, 孟轶, 翁文安, 黄山, 曾勇军, 张洪程. 杂交稻对产量和氮素利用率影响的荟萃分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(8): 1546-1556.

LIAO Ping, MENG Yi, WENG WenAn, HUANG Shan, ZENG YongJun, ZHANG HongCheng. Effects of Hybrid Rice on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency: A Meta-Analysis[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1546-1556.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.08.006

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2022/V55/I8/1546

图/表 4

表1

本研究中的杂交稻试验文献概况"

参考文献¹ Reference	杂交稻类型² Hybrid type	氮肥施用量 N rate (kg·hm^-2)	土壤全氮 Soil total N (g·kg^-1)	土壤碳氮比 Soil C﹕N	土壤质地³ Soil texture	产量 Yield	生物量 Biomass	收获指数 Harvest index	氮素吸收 N uptake	氮素生理利用率 N physiological efficiency	氮素回收率 N recovery efficiency
1	I	0/100/125	NA	NA	NA	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
2	I	196	NA	NA	NA	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
3	I	0/150/225	NA	NA	H	●	NA	NA	●	NA	●
4	IJ	0/200/300/400	2.09	6.9	L	●	●	NA	●	NA	NA
5	I/J	143	2.00/2.50	9.8/9.0	H	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
6	I	0/200	2.18	11.3	H	●	NA	●	●	●	●
7	IJ	200	2.02	11.1	H	●	NA	●	NA	NA	NA
8	I	0/90/180/270/ 360	1.52	5.5	L	●	NA	NA	●	●	●
9	IJ	0/270/300/360	1.35	10.0	L	●	NA	NA	●	●	●
10	I	150	2.70	9.9	NA	●	NA	●	●	●	NA
11	IJ	300	1.70	8.8	H	●	●	●	●	NA	NA
12	I	0/120/150	2.37	9.5	H	●	●	●	●	●	●
13	I	90/180	1.80	13.2	H	●	●	●	●	●	NA
14	I	0/90	1.90/2.10	6.8/7.6	H	●	●	●	●	●	NA
15	I/IJ	100	1.19	13.0	H	●	●	●	●	●	NA
16	J	270	1.85	8.8	H	●	●	NA	●	●	●
17	I	0/113/161/176/225	1.58/1.59/1.68	10.1/10.6/11.7	NA	●	●	●	●	●	●
18	J/IJ	0/60/120/180	1.26	9.6	H	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
19	I	0/120/165/210	2.40	9.0	H	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
20	I	0/150/180/225	2.40	9.0	H	●	●	●	●	NA	●
21	I	0/135/150/225	2.40/3.30	7.5/9.0	H	●	NA	NA	●	NA	●
22	J	0/150/300/450	NA	NA	NA	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
23	J	0/225	2.70	3.6	L	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
24	I	0/150	1.25	10.9	L	●	●	NA	●	●	●
25	I/IJ	300	1.60	13.9	NA	●	NA	NA	●	●	NA
26	I	150/300	1.12	10.9	L	●	NA	NA	●	NA	NA
27	I	0/40/80/120/ 160/200/240	2.54	10.7	L	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
28	I/IJ	263	1.30	10.7	L	●	NA	NA	●	●	NA
29	I	0/120	1.14	19.9	L	●	●	●	NA	●	●
30	I	0/90/180/270/ 360	1.97	5.9	NA	●	●	NA	●	NA	NA
31	I	150	NA	NA	H	●	●	●	●	NA	NA
32	I	0/120/165/210	2.40	9.0	H	●	●	●	NA	NA	NA
33	I	120/150	1.76	NA	NA	●	●	NA	●	NA	●
34	I	150	1.59	9.4	L	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
参考文献¹ Reference	杂交稻类型² Hybrid type	氮肥施用量 N rate (kg·hm^-2)	土壤全氮 Soil total N (g·kg^-1)	土壤碳氮比 Soil C﹕N	土壤质地³ Soil texture	产量 Yield	生物量 Biomass	收获指数 Harvest index	氮素吸收 N uptake	氮素生理利用率 N physiological efficiency	氮素回收率 N recovery efficiency
35	I	180	1.70	13.7	NA	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
36	IJ	0/150/225/300/375	1.77	14.0	NA	●	●	NA	●	NA	NA
37	I	0/135/180/225	NA	NA	NA	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
38	I	200	1.59	9.4	L	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
39	I	0/90/130/170/ 210/250	2.34/2.62	7.3/8.0	L	●	●	●	●	NA	NA
40	I/IJ	270	1.60	13.9	L	●	NA	NA	●	●	NA
41	I	0/50/100/150/ 200/250	1.49	10.0	H	●	●	NA	NA	NA	●
42	I/IJ	263	1.70	9.1	H	●	●	●	●	NA	NA
43	I/IJ	263	1.40/1.70	9.1/10.5	L/H	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
44	I/IJ	263	1.60	10.6	NA	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
45	I	375	NA	NA	NA	●	●	NA	●	NA	NA
46	I	0/150	NA	NA	NA	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
47	I	150/300	1.35	10.3	L	●	●	●	NA	NA	NA
48	IJ	0/210	2.70/2.90	6.7/7.2	H	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
49	I	90/180	1.79/1.83	6.3/7.5	H	●	●	●	●	●	NA
50	I	150/250	NA	NA	L/H	●	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
51	I	200	1.22	10.1	L	●	●	NA	NA	NA	NA
52	IJ	0/270/300	1.35	10.2	L	●	NA	NA	NA	●	●
53	J/IJ	0/270/300	1.35	10.0	L	●	●	●	NA	NA	NA
54	I/J	180	1.58	16.7	NA	●	NA	NA	●	●	NA
55	J	0/140/180/220	1.28	14.1	L	●	●	●	NA	NA	NA
56	I	150	2.20	7.7	H	●	●	●	NA	●	NA

表1

图1

表2

图2

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分类变量 Categorical variable	产量 Rice yield	生物量 Biomass	收获指数 Harvest index	氮素吸收 N uptake	氮素生理利用率 N physiological efficiency	氮素回收率 N recovery efficiency
杂交稻类型 Hybrid type	<0.001	<0.001	0.474	<0.001	0.896	0.387
氮肥施用量 N rate	<0.001	0.681	0.676	0.328	0.727	<0.001
氮肥施用次数 N application number	0.198	0.914	0.124	0.740	0.079	0.570
土壤全氮 Soil total N	0.296	0.760	0.700	0.982	<0.05	0.198
土壤碳氮比 Soil C﹕N	<0.05	0.253	0.404	0.557	0.157	<0.001
土壤质地 Soil texture	0.873	0.288	0.137	<0.05	0.131	0.236