中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (18): 3258-3270.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.18.017
收稿日期:
2019-05-14
接受日期:
2019-07-12
出版日期:
2019-09-16
发布日期:
2019-09-23
通讯作者:
张智
作者简介:
朱常安,E-mail:基金资助:
ZHU ChangAn,HE ZhiHao,CAI ZeLin,LIU JianFei,ZHANG Zhi()
Received:
2019-05-14
Accepted:
2019-07-12
Online:
2019-09-16
Published:
2019-09-23
Contact:
Zhi ZHANG
摘要: 目的 研究融合镁元素的水肥耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质的影响,为黄瓜高品质生产提供水肥管理依据。方法 以灌水量的灌溉上限占田间持水量的百分比(X1)、施氮量(X2)、施钾量(X3)、施镁量(X4)为试验因素,选用四因子五水平正交旋转组合1/2实施的方法,测定可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、还原性糖、维生素C、硝酸盐6项指标的含量,采用AHP层次分析法、熵权法和基于博弈论的组合赋权法对各项指标赋权,并基于TOPSIS法构建黄瓜果实综合营养品质评价体系;在此基础上,进行回归分析建立黄瓜果实综合营养品质对水肥耦合响应的数学模型。结果 单一指标权重为:维生素C(0.2457)>还原性糖(0.2305)>游离氨基酸(0.1666)>可溶性糖(0.1390)>可溶性蛋白(0.1179)>硝酸盐(0.1003);分析表明,在四因子耦合作用下,当施镁量为176.54—182.23 kg?hm -2、灌水量的灌溉上限占田间持水量的百分比为65.71%—67.61%、施氮量为490.78—512.16 kg?hm -2、施钾量为591.00—608.11 kg?hm -2时,黄瓜综合营养品质最好。 结论 水肥耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质具有显著影响,适当控制灌水量和施氮量、增加施镁量和施钾量对黄瓜综合营养品质的提高具有积极作用。
朱常安,和志豪,蔡泽林,刘健飞,张智. 融合镁元素的水肥多因子耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质的调控[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(18): 3258-3270.
ZHU ChangAn,HE ZhiHao,CAI ZeLin,LIU JianFei,ZHANG Zhi. Regulation of Comprehensive Nutritional Quality of Cucumber by Water and Fertilizer Coupling with Magnesium[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(18): 3258-3270.
表1
试验因素水平及编码"
因素 Factor | 变化间距Intervals | 变量设计及水平编码 Designed variable levels and codes ear codes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-1.682 | -1 | 0 | 1 | 1.682 | ||
灌水量 Irrigation amount (%) (X1) | 23.78 | 20 | 36.22 | 60 | 83.78 | 100 |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (kg/plant) (X2) | 0.0154 | 0 | 0.0104 | 0.0258 | 0.0412 | 0.0516 |
施钾量 Potassium application rate (kg/plant) (X3) | 0.0137 | 0 | 0.0093 | 0.0230 | 0.0367 | 0.0460 |
施镁量 Magnesium application rate (kg/plant) (X4) | 0.0041 | 0 | 0.0028 | 0.0069 | 0.0110 | 0.0138 |
表2
试验处理"
处理号 No. | 灌水量 Irrigation amount | 施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | 施钾量 Potassium application rate | 施镁量 Magnesium application rate |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1(60.26) | 1(0.1766) | 1(0.0679) | 1(0.0677) |
2 | 1(60.26) | 1(0.1766) | -1(0.0172) | -1(0.0172) |
3 | 1(60.26) | -1(0.0446) | 1(0.0679) | -1(0.0172) |
4 | 1(60.26) | -1(0.0446) | -1(0.0172) | 1(0.0677) |
5 | -1(30.24) | 1(0.1766) | 1(0.0679) | -1(0.0172) |
6 | -1(30.24) | 1(0.1766) | -1(0.0172) | 1(0.0677) |
7 | -1(30.24) | -1(0.0446) | 1(0.0679) | 1(0.0677) |
8 | -1(30.24) | -1(0.0446) | -1(0.0172) | -1(0.0172) |
9 | -1.682(20.19) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
10 | 1.682(70.31) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
11 | 0(45.25) | 1.682(0.2216) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
12 | 0(45.25) | -1.682(0) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
13 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 1.682(0.0851) | 0(0.0424) |
14 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | -1.682(0) | 0(0.0424) |
15 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 1.682(0.0843) |
16 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | -1.682(0) |
17 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
18 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
19 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
20 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
21 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
22 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
23 | 0(45.25) | 0(0.1106) | 0(0.0426) | 0(0.0424) |
Table 3
Pair-wise comparison matrixes and weights from AHP(analytic hierarchy process)"
判断矩阵 Judgment matrix | 局部权重 Local weight | 最终权重 Ultimate weight | 一致性检验参数 Consistency test parameter | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总目标层A~准则层B General goal A-Rule hierarchy B | 指标Index | C1 | C2 | WA | wA | CR=0 λmax=2.000 | ||
C1 | 1 | 1.2 | 0.5455 | 0.54 | ||||
C2 | 0.833 | 1 | 0.4545 | 0.45 | ||||
准则层B1~指标层C Rule hierarchy B1-index hierarchy C | 指标Index | C11 | C12 | C13 | WB1 | wB1 | CR=0 λmax=3.000 | |
C11 | 1 | 1.34 | 1.65 | 0.4253 | 0.232 | |||
C12 | 0.7463 | 1 | 1.21 | 0.3155 | 0.1721 | |||
C13 | 0.6061 | 0.8264 | 1 | 0.2592 | 0.1414 | |||
准则层B2~指标层C Rule hierarchy B2-index hierarchy C | 指标Index | C21 | C22 | C23 | WB2 | wB2 | CR=0.0001<0.1 λmax=3.0001 | |
C21 | 1 | 0.52 | 0.61 | 0.219 | 0.0996 | |||
C22 | 1.9231 | 1 | 1.21 | 0.4256 | 0.1934 | |||
C23 | 1.6393 | 0.8264 | 1 | 0.3554 | 0.1615 |
表6
基于TOPSIS法确定的黄瓜综合营养品质指标及其排序"
序号 No. | C11 | C12 | C13 | C21 | C22 | C23 | D+ | D- | Ci | 排序 Sorting |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.0620 | 0.0390 | 0.0249 | 0.0203 | 0.0561 | 0.0380 | 0.0103 | 0.0392 | 0.701 | 1 |
2 | 0.0448 | 0.0328 | 0.0231 | 0.0180 | 0.0397 | 0.0249 | 0.0333 | 0.0139 | 0.43 | 18 |
3 | 0.0492 | 0.0340 | 0.0246 | 0.0210 | 0.0473 | 0.0270 | 0.0242 | 0.0217 | 0.495 | 13 |
4 | 0.0477 | 0.0336 | 0.0241 | 0.0204 | 0.0420 | 0.0262 | 0.0288 | 0.0173 | 0.433 | 17 |
5 | 0.0613 | 0.0367 | 0.0249 | 0.0193 | 0.0602 | 0.0377 | 0.0113 | 0.0404 | 0.682 | 2 |
6 | 0.0608 | 0.0425 | 0.0249 | 0.0197 | 0.0540 | 0.0373 | 0.0113 | 0.0387 | 0.628 | 4 |
7 | 0.0580 | 0.0374 | 0.0258 | 0.0198 | 0.0561 | 0.0347 | 0.0216 | 0.0409 | 0.470 | 14 |
8 | 0.0480 | 0.0328 | 0.0248 | 0.0191 | 0.0424 | 0.0259 | 0.0291 | 0.0170 | 0.331 | 21 |
9 | 0.0443 | 0.0300 | 0.0230 | 0.0173 | 0.0388 | 0.0248 | 0.0352 | 0.0111 | 0.215 | 23 |
10 | 0.0478 | 0.0338 | 0.0243 | 0.0206 | 0.0448 | 0.0265 | 0.0268 | 0.0192 | 0.403 | 19 |
11 | 0.0419 | 0.0218 | 0.0215 | 0.0290 | 0.0324 | 0.0220 | 0.0433 | 0.0117 | 0.216 | 22 |
12 | 0.0481 | 0.0338 | 0.0245 | 0.0196 | 0.0463 | 0.0269 | 0.0260 | 0.0203 | 0.435 | 16 |
13 | 0.0455 | 0.0338 | 0.0242 | 0.0182 | 0.0403 | 0.0253 | 0.0320 | 0.0154 | 0.390 | 20 |
14 | 0.0566 | 0.0366 | 0.0261 | 0.0197 | 0.0559 | 0.0339 | 0.0136 | 0.0340 | 0.655 | 3 |
15 | 0.0476 | 0.0338 | 0.0242 | 0.0205 | 0.0429 | 0.0265 | 0.0281 | 0.0180 | 0.443 | 15 |
16 | 0.0540 | 0.0393 | 0.0259 | 0.0209 | 0.0521 | 0.0291 | 0.0168 | 0.0304 | 0.611 | 5 |
17 | 0.0498 | 0.0340 | 0.0245 | 0.0213 | 0.0474 | 0.0270 | 0.0237 | 0.0221 | 0.505 | 11 |
18 | 0.0492 | 0.0340 | 0.0245 | 0.0210 | 0.0472 | 0.0269 | 0.0243 | 0.0216 | 0.497 | 12 |
19 | 0.0517 | 0.0347 | 0.0254 | 0.0224 | 0.0512 | 0.0278 | 0.0198 | 0.0263 | 0.562 | 8 |
20 | 0.0518 | 0.0357 | 0.0255 | 0.0246 | 0.0517 | 0.0281 | 0.0184 | 0.0277 | 0.595 | 6 |
21 | 0.0509 | 0.0360 | 0.0251 | 0.0245 | 0.0492 | 0.0277 | 0.0203 | 0.0257 | 0.578 | 7 |
22 | 0.0499 | 0.0343 | 0.0248 | 0.0216 | 0.0485 | 0.0272 | 0.0228 | 0.0231 | 0.518 | 10 |
23 | 0.0507 | 0.0339 | 0.0248 | 0.0192 | 0.0487 | 0.0274 | 0.0312 | 0.0312 | 0.519 | 9 |
S+ | 0.0620 | 0.0425 | 0.0261 | 0.0290 | 0.0602 | 0.0380 | ||||
S- | 0.0419 | 0.0218 | 0.0215 | 0.0173 | 0.0324 | 0.0220 | ||||
R | 0.791** | 0.658** | 0.706** | 0.352 | 0.611** | 0.873** |
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