香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.08.005

中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 1529-1545.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.08.005

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响

桂润飞¹(),王在满²,潘圣刚¹,张明华²,唐湘如¹,莫钊文¹()

¹华南农业大学农学院/华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/农业部华南地区作物栽培科学观测试验站/广州市丝苗香米科学与技术重点实验室,广州 510642
²华南农业大学工程学院/华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州 510642

收稿日期:2021-06-28 接受日期:2021-11-04 出版日期:2022-04-16 发布日期:2022-05-11
联系方式: 桂润飞,E-mail： grfly86@163.com。
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020221003);国家自然科学基金(31971843);广东省现代农业产业技术体系(2020KJ105)

Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice

GUI RunFei¹(),WANG ZaiMan²,PAN ShengGang¹,ZHANG MingHua²,TANG XiangRu¹,MO ZhaoWen¹()

¹College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice, Guangzhou 510642
²College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642

Received:2021-06-28 Accepted:2021-11-04 Published:2022-04-16 Online:2022-05-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究液体肥分蘖期减氮侧深施用和常规全量撒施固体肥对香稻关键生育期氮素吸收利用、干物质积累和氮代谢生理影响及其与香稻产量形成的关系,以期为今后华南香稻种植区分蘖期机械化侧深施液体肥提供理论指导和依据。【方法】2019—2020年连续进行2年大田试验,以华南地区种植面积较大的香稻品种玉香油占和象牙香占为供试材料,采用随机区组排列设计。设置了全程不施肥处理（T1）、常规全量撒施肥固体肥处理（T2,总施氮量为150 kg N·hm^-2）、液体肥分蘖期减氮10%侧深施处理（T3）和液体肥分蘖期减氮20%侧深施处理（T4）4个处理。研究了不同施肥处理对香稻的产量及其构成因素、氮素吸收利用、干物质积累和氮代谢生理的影响。【结果】（1）2年大田试验中,2个香稻品种均在T3处理下产量最高,且显著高于T1处理。与T2处理相比,T3处理下玉香油占2019年和2020年的产量分别提高1.84%和15.20%,象牙香占2019年和2020年的产量分别提高0.65%和3.71%。这主要与T3处理下具有最高的有效穗数有关。（2）2年大田试验中,在幼穗分化期和抽穗期,2个香稻品种的总干物质积累量、叶面积指数和总氮素积累量普遍在T2处理下最高,T3处理和T2处理间的总干物质积累量和总氮素积累量差异不显著。在成熟期,2个香稻品种的总干物质积累量、叶面积指数和总氮素积累量均在T3处理下最高;对玉香油占而言,2019年成熟期T3处理下的总干物质积累量、叶面积指数和总氮素积累量分别较T2处理增加25.14%、26.57%和21.31%,2020年的相应增幅分别为5.83%、21.80%和46.47%;对象牙香占而言,2019年成熟期T3处理下的总干物质积累量、叶面积指数和总氮素积累量分别较T2处理增加19.95%、3.73%和13.41%,2020年相应增幅为21.17%、1.78%和14.37%。此外,2个香稻品种的氮素吸收利用率和氮素农学利用率也均在T3处理下最高。（3）在幼穗分化期和抽穗期,2个香稻品种在T2处理下较其他处理相比有较高的氮代谢相关酶活性,而成熟期T3处理下2个香稻品种的氮代谢相关酶活性最高。【结论】综合2年大田试验表明,液体肥分蘖期减氮10%侧深施处理较常规全量撒施固体肥处理,在减少氮肥使用的同时能维持生育前期生长发育,提高生育后期总干物质积累量、叶面积指数、氮素利用和氮代谢相关酶活性,最终实现香稻增产。

关键词: 香稻, 侧深施肥, 产量, 液体肥, 氮素吸收利用

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of nitrogen-reduced side depth application of liquid fertilizer at tillering stage and conventional total application of solid fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and utilization, dry matter accumulation and physiological nitrogen metabolism in key growth stages of fragrant rice and its relationship with yield formation of fragrant rice were investigated, so as to provide the theoretical basis and guidance for mechanized side deep application of liquid fertilizer at tillering stage in south China fragrant rice growing region in the future.【Method】 Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years from 2019 to 2020, two popular fragrant rice cultivars with large planting area in South China, including Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan, were used as the test materials, and a randomized complete block design was adopted. Four treatments were set up, including no fertilization during rice growth season (T1), total fertilization of solid fertilizer (T2, total nitrogen application rate of 150 kg N·hm^-2), side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 10% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage (T3), and side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 20% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage (T4). The effects of different fertilization treatments on yield and its components, nitrogen absorption and utilization, dry matter accumulation and physiological nitrogen metabolism of fragrant rice were analyzed.【Result】 (1) In the two-year field experiments, the yield of both fragrant rice cultivars under T3 treatment was the highest, which was significantly higher than that under T1 treatment. Compared with T2 treatment, the grain yield of Yuxiangyouzhan in 2019 and 2020 under T3 treatment was increased by 1.84% and 15.20%, respectively; the grain yield of Xiangyaxiangzhan in 2019 and 2020 under T3 treatment was increased by 0.65% and 3.71%, respectively. The grain yield increment observed under T3 treatment was mainly related to the highest effective panicle. (2) In the two-year field experiments, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation of the two fragrant cultivars at panicle initiation stage and heading stage were generally the highest under T2 treatment, while no significant difference was observed between T3 treatment and T2 treatment. However, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation under T3 treatment were the highest for the two fragrant rice cultivars. Compared with T2 treatment, T3 treatment increased total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation of Yuxiangyouzhan by 25.14%, 26.57%, and 21.31% in 2019, respectively, and in 2020 the corresponding increases were 5.83%, 21.80%, and 46.47%, respectively. Compared with T2 treatment, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation under T3 treatment for Xiangyaxiangzhan were increased by 19.95%, 3.73%, and 13.41% in 2019, respectively, and in 2020 the corresponding increases were 21.17%, 1.78%, and 14.37%, respectively. In addition, the nitrogen recovery efficiency and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of the two fragrant rice cultivars were also the highest under T3 treatment. (3) At the panicle initiation stage and heading stage, T2 treatment showed higher in the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in leaf of the two fragrant rice cultivars as compared with other fertilization treatments, and T3 treatment was observed with the highest activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in leaf of the two fragrant rice cultivars at maturity stage. 【Conclusion】 The two-year of field experiments showed that, compared with the total fertilization of solid fertilizer treatment, the side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 10% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage treatment could increase the yield of fragrant rice by ensuring the early growth, increasing total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, nitrogen utilization and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes activities during the late growth stage while reducing the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer.

Key words: fragrant rice, side deep fertilization, grain yield, liquid fertilizer, nitrogen absorption and utilization

桂润飞, 王在满, 潘圣刚, 张明华, 唐湘如, 莫钊文. 香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(8): 1529-1545.

GUI RunFei, WANG ZaiMan, PAN ShengGang, ZHANG MingHua, TANG XiangRu, MO ZhaoWen. Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1529-1545.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.08.005

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2022/V55/I8/1529

图/表 11

表1

图1

表2

表3

表4

表5

表6

表7

图2

图3

图4

参考文献 32

[32]	WANG F B, LIU K, SUN J L, YIN X, HOU Z A. Effects of nitrogen reduction on NH₃ volatilization, nutrient uptake and cotton yield in drip-irrigated cotton fields. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(9): 1746-1753. (in Chinese) doi: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.020
[33]	ZHANG Y B, TANG Q Y, ZOU Y B, LI D Q, QIN J Q, YANG S H, CHEN L J, XIA B, PENG S B. Yield potential and radiation use efficiency of “super” hybrid rice grown under subtropical conditions. Field Crops Research, 2009, 114(1): 91-98. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2009.07.008
[34]	HUANG M, JIANG L G, XIA B, ZOU Y B, JIANG P, AO H J. Yield gap analysis of super hybrid rice between two subtropical environments. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013, 7(5): 600-608.
[35]	PAN S G, WEN X C, WANG Z M, ASHRAF U, TIAN H, DUAN M Y, MO Z W, FAN P S, TANG X R. Benefits of mechanized deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer in direct-seeded rice in South China. Field Crops Research, 2017, 203:139-149. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.12.011
[1]	朱德峰, 程式华, 张玉屏, 林贤青, 陈惠哲. 全球水稻生产现状与制约因素分析. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(3): 474-479.
	ZHU D F, CHENG S H, ZHANG Y P, LIN X Q, CHEN H Z. Analysis of status and constraints of rice production in the world. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(3): 474-479. (in Chinese)
[36]	凌启鸿, 杨建昌. 水稻群体“粒叶比”与高产栽培途径的研究. 中国农业科学, 1986, 3(1): 8.
	LING Q H, YANG J C. Studies on “grain-leaf ratio” of population and cultural approaches of high yield in rice plants. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1986, 3(1): 8. (in Chinese)
[2]	ZHOU X, LU Y H, LIAO Y L, ZHU Q D, CHENG H D, NIE X, CAO W D, NIE J. Substitution of chemical fertilizer by Chinese milk vetch improves the sustainability of yield and accumulation of soil organic carbon in a double-rice cropping system. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(10): 2381-2392. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62096-9
[3]	孙永飞, 严力蛟, 梁尹明. 水稻生产中的农田生态问题与可持续发展对策. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(6): 358-362.
[37]	董桂春, 于小凤, 董燕萍, 李进前, 田昊, 周娟, 王云霞, 杨连新, 黄建晔, 王余龙. 不同库容量类型常规籼稻品种氮素吸收与分配的差异. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(10): 3432-3441.
	DONG G C, YU X F, DONG Y P, LI J Q, TIAN H, ZHOU J, WANG Y X, YANG L X, HUANG J Y, WANG Y L. A different in nitrogen uptake and distribution in conventional indica rice cultivars with different sink-potentials. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(10): 3432-3441. (in Chinese)
[3]	SUN Y F, YAN L J, LIANG Y M. Problems and countermeasures for sustainable rice production. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2005, 21(6): 358-362. (in Chinese)
[4]	PENG B, KONG D Y, SONG X H, LI H L, HE L L, GONG A D, SUN Y F, PANG R H, LIU L, LI J T, ZHOU Q Y, HUANG Y Q, DUAN B, SONG S Z, YUAN H Y. A method for detection of main metabolites in aromatic rice seeds. Agricultural Biotechnology, 2018, 7(1): 112-116.
[38]	薛艳凤, 陆江锋, 吕川根, 金军, 邹江石, 朱庆森. 两系亚种间杂交稻两优培九籽粒灌浆动态研究. 江苏农业研究, 2001, 22(2): 13-19.
	XUE Y F, LU J F, LÜ C G, JIN J, ZOU J S, ZHU Q S. Studies on the development of grain filling of two-line intersubspecific hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu. Journal of Yangzhou University (Agricultural and Life Science Edition), 2001, 22(2): 13-19. (in Chinese)
[39]	TEWARI K, SATO T, ABIKO M, OHTAKE N, SUEYOSHI K, TAKAHASHI Y, NAGUMO Y, TUTIDA T, OHYAMA T. Analysis of the nitrogen nutrition of soybean plants with deep placement of coated urea and lime nitrogen. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2007, 53(6): 772-781. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00194.x
[40]	LIU T Q, FAN D J, ZHANG X X, CHEN J, LI C F, CAO C G. Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers reduces ammonia volatilization and increases nitrogen utilization efficiency in no-tillage paddy fields in central China. Field Crops Research, 2015, 184: 80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.09.011
[41]	王肖娟, 危常州, 张君, 董鹏, 王娟, 朱齐超, 王金鑫. 灌溉方式和施氮量对棉花生长及氮素利用效率的影响. 棉花学报, 2012, 24(6): 554-561.
	WANG X J, WEI C Z, ZHANG J, DONG P, WANG J, ZHU Q C, WANG J X. Effects of irrigation methods and N application level on cotton growth and nitrogen use efficiency. Cotton Science, 2012, 24(6): 554-561. (in Chinese)
[42]	廖欢, 王方斌, 刘凯, 殷星, 侯振安. 不同施氮措施配合硝化抑制剂对滴灌棉田土壤NH₃挥发和N₂O排放的影响. 西北农业学报, 2020, 29(9): 1378-1388.
	LIAO H, WANG F B, LIU K, YIN X, HOU Z A. Effects of nitrogen application combined with nitrification inhibitors on NH₃ volatilization and N₂O emission in drip-irrigated cotton field. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 1378-1388. (in Chinese)
[43]	曹小闯, 李烨锋, 吴龙龙, 朱春权, 朱练峰, 张均华, 金千瑜. 有机水溶肥对水稻干物质、氮素积累和转运的影响. 作物杂志, 2020, 36(5): 110-118.
	CAO X C, LI Y F, WU L L, ZHU C Q, ZHU L F, ZHANG J H, JIN Q Y. Effects of organic soluble fertilizer on the accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen of rice. Crops, 2020, 36(5): 110-118. (in Chinese)
[44]	邹应斌, 黄见良, 屠乃美, 李合松, 黄升平, 张杨珠. “旺壮重”栽培对双季杂交稻产量形成及生理特性的影响. 作物学报, 2001, 27(3): 343-350.
	ZOU Y B, HUANG J L, TU N M, LI H S, HUANG S P, ZHANG Y Z. Effects of the VSW cultural method on yield formation and physiological characteristics in double cropping hybrid rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2001, 27(3): 343-350. (in Chinese)
[45]	刘昕萌, 陈庚, 王志国, 贺韵涵, 李威, 吴玥, 杨德光. 不同氮肥基追比对玉米氮素吸收利用、土壤氮素供应及产量的影响. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(5): 124-131.
	LIU X M, CHEN G, WANG Z G, HE Y H, LI W, WU Y, YANG D G. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizers on nitrogen uptake and utilization, soil nitrogen supply and yield of maize. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2020, 35(5): 124-131. (in Chinese)
[46]	贾琰, 沈阳, 邹德堂, 沙汉景, 王敬国, 刘化龙, 赵振东, 夏楠, 赵宏伟. 孕穗期冷水灌溉对寒地粳稻籽粒灌浆及其氮素积累的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(3): 259-272.
	JIA Y, SHEN Y, ZOU D T, SHA H J, WANG J G, LIU H L, ZHAO Z D, XIA N, ZHAO H W. Effect of cold-water irrigation at booting stage on grain filling and nitrogen accumulation of rice in cold-region. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2015, 29(3): 259-272. (in Chinese)
[47]	KARGBO M B, PAN S G, MO Z W, WANG Z M, LUO X W, TIAN H, HOSSAIN M, ASHRAF U, TANG X R. Physiological basis of improved performance of super rice (Oryza sativa) to deep placed fertilizer with precision hill-drilling machine. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2016, 18(4): 797-804. doi: 10.17957/IJAB/15.0173
[48]	孙永健, 孙园园, 严奉君, 杨志远, 徐徽, 李玥, 王海月, 马均. 氮肥后移对不同氮效率水稻花后碳氮代谢的影响. 作物学报, 2017, 43(3): 407-419. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00407
	SUN Y J, SUN Y Y, YAN F J, YANG Z Y, XU H, LI Y, WANG H Y, MA J. Effects of postponing nitrogen topdressing on post-anthesis carbon and nitrogen metabolism in rice cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiencies. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2017, 43(3): 407-419. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00407
[49]	陈军文, 刘强, 荣湘民, 彭建伟, 汤桂容, 谢桂先, 廖育林, 于方明. 氮磷钾不同配比对饲用稻威优198产量及糙米蛋白含量的影响. 土壤通报, 2006, 37(3): 522-529.
	CHEN J W, LIU Q, RONG X M, PENG J W, TANG G R, XIE G X, LIAO Y L, YU F M. Effect of different ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield and protein contents in brown rice of fodder (Weiyou198). Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2006, 37(3): 522-529. (in Chinese)
[50]	白由路. 高效施肥技术研究的现状与展望. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(11): 2116-2125.
	BAI Y L. The situation and prospect of research on efficient fertilization. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(11): 2116-2125. (in Chinese)
[5]	SASMAL S, PAL S K. Effect of integrated nutrition in aromatic rice on carbon and nutrient status in an inceptisol. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2018, 49(1): 30-37. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2017.1421216
[6]	BHATTACHARJEE P, SINGHAL R S, KULKARNI P R. Basmati rice: A review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2002, 37(1): 1-12. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00541.x
[7]	DU B, LUO H W, HE L X, ZHENG A X, CHENG Y L, ZHANG T T, WANG Z M, HU L, TANG X R. Deep fertilizer placement improves rice growth and yield in zero tillage. Applied Ecology and Environment Research, 2018, 16(6): 8045-8054. doi: 10.15666/aeer/1606_80458054
[8]	张鲁云, 何义川, 杨怀君, 汤智辉, 郑炫, 孟祥金. 液体施肥机械发展现状与现代农业关系分析. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 34-40.
	ZHANG L Y, HE Y C, YANG H J, TANG Z H, ZHENG X, MENG X J. Analysis of the relationship between the development of liquid fertilizer machinery and modern agriculture. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(4): 34-40. (in Chinese)
[9]	李汉常, 谭歆, 李宗浩, 钟诚, 李炎, 易达理, 张文萍. 施磷量和灌溉方式对水稻磷素吸收利用的影响. 灌溉排水学报, 2021, 40(6): 45-52.
	LI H C, TAN X, LI Z H, ZHONG C, LI Y, YI D L, ZHANG W P. Irrigation and phosphorus fertilization combine to affect uptake and utilization of phosphorus by rice. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2021, 40(6): 45-52. (in Chinese)
[10]	李燕婷, 李秀英, 肖艳, 赵秉强, 王丽霞. 叶面肥的营养机理及应用研究进展. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(1): 162-172.
	LI Y T, LI X Y, XIAO Y, ZHAO B Q, WANG L X. Advances in study on mechanism of foliar nutrition and development of foliar fertilizer application. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(1): 162-172. (in Chinese)
[11]	桑文, 赵亚光, 张霁峰, 张凤华. 化肥减量配施有机液体肥对加工番茄生长及土壤酶活性的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2021(2): 53-60.
	SANG W, ZHAO Y G, ZHANG J F, ZHANG F H. Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic liquid fertilizer on processed tomato growth and soil enzyme activity. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2021(2): 53-60. (in Chinese)
[12]	田昌, 周旋, 谢桂先, 刘强, 荣湘民, 张玉平, 谭力彰, 彭建伟. 控释尿素减施对双季稻田氨挥发损失和氮肥利用率的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2018, 32(4): 387-397.
	TIAN C, ZHOU X, XIE G X, LIU Q, RONG X M, ZHANG Y P, TANG L Z, PENG J W. Ammonia volatilization loss and nitrogen use efficiency in double-cropping rice field as affected by decreasing controlled-release urea application level. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2018, 32(4): 387-397. (in Chinese)
[13]	侯红乾, 黄永兰, 冀建华, 刘益仁, 刘秀梅, 胡兆平. 缓/控释肥对双季稻产量和氮素利用率的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(4): 389-396.
	HOU H Q, HUANG Y L, JI J H, LIU Y R, LIU X M, HU Z P. Effects of controlled-release fertilizer application on double cropping rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2016, 30(4): 389-396. (in Chinese)
[14]	YAO Z S, ZHENG X H, ZHANG Y A, LIU C Y, WANG R, LIN S, ZUO Q, BUTTERBACH B K. Urea deep placement reduces yield-scaled greenhouse gas (CH₄ and N₂O) and NO emissions from a ground cover rice production system. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1): 1-11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-016-0028-x
[15]	李殿平, 曹海峰, 张俊宝, 金学泳. 全程深施肥对水稻产量形成及稻米品质的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(1): 73-78.
	LI D P, CAO H F, ZHANG J B, JIN X Y. Effect of deep application of fertilizer in the whole growing period on yield formation and quality of rice. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2006, 20(1): 73-78. (in Chinese)
[16]	ZHANG M, YAO Y L, ZHAO M, ZHANG B W, TIAN Y H, YIN B, ZHU Z L. Integration of urea deep placement and organic addition for improving yield and soil properties and decreasing N loss in paddy field. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 2017, 247: 236-245. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.07.001
[17]	RAHMAN S, BARMON B K. Exploring the potential to improve energy saving and energy efficiency using fertilizer deep placement strategy in modern rice production in Bangladesh. Energy Efficiency, 2015, 8(6): 1241-1250. doi: 10.1007/s12053-015-9391-x
[18]	陈立才, 李艳大, 秦战强, 黄俊宝, 吴罗发, 王康军, 周明. 侧深施用控释肥对机插中稻生长、产量及氮肥农学效率的影响. 安徽农业大学学报, 2020, 47(5): 839-844.
	CHEN L C, LI Y D, QIN Z Q, HUANG J B, WU L F, WANG K J, ZHOU M. Effects of side deep apply controlled release fertilizer on growth, yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency in transplanted middle-season rice. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2020, 47(5): 839-844. (in Chinese)
[19]	钟雪梅, 黄铁平, 彭建伟, 卢文璐, 康兴蓉, 孙梦飞, 宋思明, 唐启源, 陈裕新, 湛冬至, 周旋. 机插同步一次性精量施肥对双季稻养分累积及利用率的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2019, 33(5): 436-446.
	ZHONG X M, HUANG T P, PENG J W, LU W L, KANG X R, SUN M F, SONG S M, TANG Q Y, CHENG Y X, ZHAN D Z, ZHOU X. Effects of machine-transplanting synchronized with one-time precision fertilization on nutrient uptake and use efficiency of double cropping rice. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2019, 33(5): 436-446. (in Chinese)
[20]	王丽妍, 杨成林, 徐惠风. 氮肥运筹对寒地水稻生长及产量的影响. 东北农业科学, 2017, 42(5): 15-19.
	WANG L Y, YANG C L, XU H F. Effects of nitrogen management on rice growth and yield in cold region. Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 42(5): 15-19. (in Chinese)
[21]	范平珊. 氮肥运筹和施肥深度对精量穴直播水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响[D]. 广州: 华南农业大学, 2018.
	FAN P S. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer management and application depth on yield and nitrogen use efficiency in precision hill-direct- seeded rice[D]. Guangzhou: South China Agricultural University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[22]	李忠光, 龚明. 磺胺比色法测定植物组织硝酸还原酶活性的改进. 植物生理学通讯, 2009, 45(1): 67-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb01665.x
	LI Z G, GONG M. Improvement of sulfonamide colorimetric method for determination of nitrate reductase activity in plant tissues. Plant Physiology Journal, 2009, 45(1): 67-68. (in Chinese) doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb01665.x
[23]	赵全志, 陈静蕊, 刘辉, 乔江方, 高桐梅, 杨海霞, 王继红. 水稻氮素同化关键酶活性与叶色变化的关系. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41(9): 2607-2616.
	ZHAO Q Z, CHEN J R, LIU H, QIAO J F, GAO T M, YANG H X, WANG J H. Relationship between activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes and leaf color of rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2008, 41(9): 2607-2616. (in Chinese)
[24]	陈建珍, 闫浩亮, 杨前玉, 田小海. 大穗型水稻品种剪叶处理后灌浆结实期源库关系分析. 中国农业气象, 2020, 41(4): 222-229.
	CHEN J Z, YAN H L, YANG Q Y, TIAN X H. Source-sink relationship during grain filling in response to leaf-cutting treatment for heavy panicle rice cultivars. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(4): 222-229. (in Chinese)
[25]	RANDALL G W, HOEFT R G. Placement methods for improved efficiency of P and K fertilizers: A review. Journal of Production Agriculture, 1988, 1(1): 70-79. doi: 10.2134/jpa1988.0070
[26]	MULLINS G L, BURMESTER C H, REEVES D W. Cotton response to in-row subsoiling and potassium fertilizer placement in Alabama. Soil and Tillage Research, 1997, 40(3/4): 145-154. doi: 10.1016/S0167-1987(96)01070-7
[27]	郑文汉, 齐龙, 曹聪, 龚浩, 邓若玲, 陶明, 刘闯. 分蘖期深施液体氮肥对水稻分蘖及产量影响. 农机化研究, 2020, 42(7): 160-165.
	ZHENG W H, QI L, CAO C, GONG H, DENG R L, TAO M, LIU C. Effects of deep placement liquid fertilizer in tillering stage on tillering dynamics and yield components. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2020, 42(7): 160-165. (in Chinese)
[28]	曾贤恩, 魏中伟, 马国辉. 施氮量对超级杂交稻粒叶比及产量的影响. 作物研究, 2017, 31(4): 377-383.
	ZENG X E, WEI Z W, MA G H. Effect of nitrogen application rate on grain-leaf ratio and yield of super hybrid rice. Crop Research, 2017, 31(4): 377-383. (in Chinese)
[29]	马群, 杨雄, 李敏, 李国业, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉. 不同氮肥群体最高生产力水稻品种的物质生产积累. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(20): 4159-4169.
	MA Q, YANG X, LI M, LI G Y, ZHANG H C, DAI Q G, HUO Z Y, XU K, WEI H Y, GAO H. Studies on the characteristics of dry matter production and accumulation of rice varieties with different productivity levels. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(20): 4159-4169. (in Chinese)
[30]	王允青, 郭熙盛, 戴明伏. 氮肥运筹方式对杂交水稻干物质积累和产量的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2008(2): 31-34.
	WANG Y Q, GUO X S, DAI M F. Effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and yield of hybrid rice. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2008(2): 31-34. (in Chinese)
[31]	LI L, ZHANG Z, TIAN H, MO Z W, ASHRAF U, DUAN M Y, WANG Z M, WANG S L, TANG X R, PAN S G. Roles of nitrogen deep placement on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and antioxidant enzyme activities in mechanical pot-seedling transplanting rice. Agronomy, 2020, 10(9): 1252. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10091252
[32]	王方斌, 刘凯, 孙嘉璘, 殷星, 侯振安. 氮肥减施对滴灌棉田NH₃挥发及棉花养分吸收和产量的影响. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(9): 1746-1753. doi: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.020

年份 Year	月份 Month	平均气温 Average air temperature (℃)	最高温度 Maximum temperature (℃)	最低温度 Minimum temperature (℃)	降水量 Precipitation (mm)	日照时数 Sunshine hours (h)	相对湿度 Relative humidity (%)
2019	7月 July	28.7	38.0	23.8	479.9	136.1	84.3
	8月 August	28.3	37.2	23.5	104.6	186.4	85.9
	9月 September	26.7	36.4	17.8	39.5	258.3	79.1
	10月 October	24.1	35.2	15.3	0	222.1	78.0
	11月 November	19.5	31.0	11.4	5.6	269.5	71.8
2020	7月 July	30.3	37.9	25.1	67.5	207.1	74.1
	8月 August	28.4	36.8	23.9	226.5	187.8	82.5
	9月 September	27.0	36.8	22.0	345.0	119.5	88.0
	10月 October	23.4	33.4	17.3	12.2	160.3	74.6
	11月 November	21.2	30.7	11.9	4.4	195.8	72.6

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	有效穗数 Effective panicle (×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	结实率 Grain filling percentage (%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	实际产量 Yield (t·hm^-2)
2019	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	254.15±16.28b	169.77±2.23c	72.88±1.07b	20.37±0.24a	6.36±0.59c
		T2	305.39±15.35a	181.72±5.71b	79.86±1.32a	19.79±0.49a	8.42±0.41b
		T3	336.47±17.89a	177.13±1.84b	80.69±2.20a	20.27±0.20a	9.70±0.70a
		T4	300.76±26.55a	194.16±4.91a	79.98±2.01a	20.33±0.16a	9.31±0.87ab
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	247.89±10.42b	169.71±4.33a	81.40±1.49a	19.00±0.26ab	6.48±0.50b
		T2	309.00±8.50a	169.73±3.16a	82.93±1.10a	19.16±0.06ab	8.09±0.30a
		T3	323.42±6.57a	163.01±7.73a	84.90±1.83a	18.82±0.26b	8.39±0.14a
		T4	298.01±12.56a	170.50±2.51a	82.77±1.45a	19.35±0.05a	8.11±0.24a
2020	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	199.85±25.91b	196.04±9.25a	74.47±0.89b	21.65±0.45a	6.22±0.18b
		T2	234.80±9.17ab	217.84±7.20a	79.20±1.57a	20.74±0.31a	8.15±0.38a
		T3	272.22±21.81a	189.87±19.21a	78.93±1.30a	21.08±0.98a	8.30±0.10a
		T4	256.08±25.85a	187.09±13.22a	75.63±1.42b	21.13±0.52a	7.39±0.74ab
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	200.18±5.43b	160.27±2.96b	72.46±0.23c	19.27±0.27a	4.87±0.24c
		T2	258.28±6.23a	181.87±8.26a	80.66±1.08a	20.19±0.64a	7.73±0.42a
		T3	261.22±10.85a	195.77±7.41a	78.50±1.21ab	20.01±0.25a	7.78±0.31a
		T4	220.13±16.13b	177.87±4.59ab	76.83±1.36b	20.47±0.27a	6.04±0.59b
F值 F value	Y		*	ns	*	ns	ns
	F		**	ns	**	ns	**
	C		ns	**	ns	**	**
	Y×F		ns	**	ns	ns	ns
	Y×C		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
	C×F		ns	*	ns	ns	ns
	Y×C×F		ns	ns	*	ns	ns

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	幼穗分化期 PI (t·hm^-2)	抽穗期 HS (t·hm^-2)	成熟期 MS (t·hm^-2)
2019	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	2.05±0.30b	8.40±0.38b	8.47±1.01b
		T2	5.54±1.63ab	8.55±1.46b	12.61±0.91ab
		T3	6.97±1.62a	12.99±0.60a	15.78±1.99a
		T4	5.37±0.69ab	9.42±0.97b	14.01±2.48a
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	2.42±0.46b	6.68±0.50a	7.01±0.72b
		T2	5.84±0.44a	8.24±1.53a	11.28±0.72a
		T3	5.40±0.97a	8.18±1.26a	13.53±1.61a
		T4	3.74±0.10b	7.30±1.19a	11.45±0.85a
2020	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	4.25±0.22b	5.85±0.63c	9.04±0.79b
		T2	7.02±0.82a	9.71±0.71a	12.01±0.82a
		T3	5.87±0.45ab	8.51±0.26ab	12.71±0.95a
		T4	6.67±1.13ab	7.91±0.18b	11.62±0.73ab
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	4.65±0.16b	6.64±0.55b	8.63±0.57c
		T2	6.33±0.53a	8.91±0.27a	11.29±0.78ab
		T3	6.29±0.57a	7.96±0.30ab	13.68±0.86a
		T4	5.95±0.15ab	6.95±0.92ab	10.74±0.65b
F值 F value	Y		*	ns	ns
	F		**	**	**
	C		ns	ns	ns
	Y×F		ns	*	ns
	Y×C		ns	ns	ns
	C×F		ns	ns	ns
	Y×C×F		ns	ns	ns

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	幼穗分化期 PI	抽穗期 HS	成熟期 MS
2019	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	1.85±0.14b	3.87±0.26c	1.81±0.26c
		T2	4.96±0.32a	5.26±0.44b	4.29±0.26b
		T3	4.35±0.21a	6.35±0.37a	5.43±0.23a
		T4	4.23±0.35a	5.32±0.33b	4.43±0.34b
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	1.50±0.35c	4.22±0.34c	1.53±0.23b
		T2	4.80±0.27a	5.57±0.31a	4.02±0.35a
		T3	3.52±0.30b	5.33±0.27ab	4.17±0.26a
		T4	3.37±0.27b	4.59±0.32bc	4.11±0.21a
2020	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	2.24±0.21c	3.26±0.25c	1.99±0.06c
		T2	5.32±0.22a	6.17±0.24a	4.45±0.24b
		T3	4.40±0.24b	5.72±0.24ab	5.42±0.19a
		T4	4.78±0.22ab	5.31±0.19b	4.51±0.24b
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	1.77±0.13c	3.58±0.21c	1.85±0.25c
		T2	5.34±0.14a	6.24±0.14a	4.49±0.19a
		T3	4.25±0.17b	5.65±0.18a	4.57±0.20a
		T4	3.88±0.16b	4.45±0.29b	4.04±0.23b
F值 F value	Y		*	ns	ns
	F		**	**	**
	C		**	*	**
	Y×F		ns	*	ns
	Y×C		ns	ns	ns
	C×F		ns	*	*
	Y×C×F		ns	ns	ns

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	幼穗分化期PI (kg·hm^-2)	抽穗期HS (kg·hm^-2)	成熟期MS (kg·hm^-2)
2019	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	16.00±2.02d	38.78±2.51d	62.02±3.23c
		T2	70.94±1.23a	92.97±1.38b	103.69±1.43b
		T3	65.68±1.49b	101.61±1.61a	125.79±2.66a
		T4	44.50±2.65c	69.63±0.74c	112.83±2.92b
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	23.11±0.59c	36.52±1.06d	60.41±2.16c
		T2	70.06±2.20a	87.05±2.24a	106.99±2.57b
		T3	67.72±4.47a	79.26±1.36b	121.34±1.83a
		T4	44.64±1.09b	69.81±1.67c	108.39±3.52b
2020	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	32.97±0.46c	43.59±1.14d	71.31±0.37d
		T2	72.45±1.61a	84.26±1.22a	111.82±1.44c
		T3	65.85±1.10b	70.20±2.11c	163.78±0.17a
		T4	71.66±2.28a	81.88±1.81b	151.38±0.06b
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	31.70±1.16c	42.02±0.94d	55.60±0.07d
		T2	76.60±0.97a	86.09±0.79a	93.85±1.51b
		T3	70.59±3.10a	80.62±1.30b	107.34±0.56a
		T4	56.01±1.62b	69.76±1.40c	82.86±1.04c
F值 F value	Y		*	ns	ns
	F		**	**	**
	C		ns	*	**
	Y×F		ns	*	ns
	Y×C		ns	ns	**
	C×F		ns	*	ns
	Y×C×F		ns	*	ns

香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响

Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 32

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	肥料类型 Fertilizer type		总施氮量 Total N (kg·hm^-2)	基肥施氮量 Basal N (kg·hm^-2)	基肥施肥方式 Base fertilizer application method	蘖肥施氮量 Tillering N (kg·hm^-2)	蘖肥施肥方式 Tiller fertilizer application method
T1	—		—	—	—	—	—
T2	固体肥 Solid fertilizer		150	90	撒施 Broadcasting	60	撒施 Broadcasting
T3	液体肥 Liquid fertilizer	135		90	撒施 Broadcasting	45	侧深施 Side deep application
T4	液体肥 Liquid fertilizer	120		90	撒施 Broadcasting	30	侧深施 Side deep application

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	氮素籽粒生产效率 NGPE (kg·kg^-1)	氮收获指数 NHI (%)	氮素吸收利用率 NRE(%)	氮素农学利用率 NAE (kg·kg^-1)
2019	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	104.51±7.02a	38.18±2.60b	—	—
		T2	76.84±5.56b	44.28±1.38b	33.54±5.36b	10.15±3.63b
		T3	77.59±3.63b	48.30±1.71a	47.48±8.41a	21.91±5.62a
		T4	88.52±9.23ab	49.88±1.17a	34.28±5.01b	20.67±4.60a
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	96.57±10.33a	28.34±2.35b	—	—
		T2	76.16±6.19b	36.87±2.47a	32.16±3.61b	9.41±0.55b
		T3	70.13±5.97b	35.66±0.58a	45.18±4.64a	13.58±2.07a
		T4	76.54±4.69b	34.06±0.97a	38.36±6.13a	12.19±1.49a
2020	玉香油占 Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	88.49±10.02a	41.19±1.81a	—	—
		T2	75.68±5.65a	36.70±1.76ab	26.34±2.95b	11.63±1.60a
		T3	53.34±3.07b	31.48±2.41b	68.75±5.00a	13.97±2.68a
		T4	49.03±5.14b	31.04±2.45b	64.48±4.82a	10.88±1.50a
	象牙香占 Xiangyaxiangzhan	T1	86.01±4.91a	43.11±0.84a	—	—
		T2	82.96±6.59ab	35.62±1.08ab	25.75±4.33b	18.50±1.99a
		T3	73.31±5.46b	34.68±0.95b	38.78±4.45a	20.16±1.10a
		T4	72.64±6.58b	31.99±1.87b	22.26±1.84b	10.67±2.82b
F值 F value	Y		ns	*	ns	ns
	F		*	ns	**	**
	C		ns	*	**	ns
	Y×F		*	*	ns	ns
	Y×C		ns	*	*	*
	C×F		*	ns	*	ns
	Y×C×F		*	ns	*	ns

[1]	尉亚囡, 薄其飞, 唐安, 高嘉瑞, 马田, 尉熊熊, 张方方, 周祥利, 岳善超, 李世清. 长期覆膜和施用有机肥对黄土高原春玉米产量和品质的效应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(9): 1708-1717.
[2]	韩紫璇, 房静静, 武雪萍, 姜宇, 宋霄君, 刘晓彤. 长期秸秆配施化肥下土壤团聚体碳氮分布、微生物量与小麦产量的协同效应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(8): 1503-1514.
[3]	刘梦洁, 梁飞, 李全胜, 田宇欣, 王国栋, 贾宏涛. 膜下滴灌与细流沟灌对玉米生长及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(8): 1515-1530.
[4]	王宁, 冯克云, 南宏宇, 丛安琪, 张铜会. 水分亏缺下有机无机肥配施比例对棉花水氮利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(8): 1531-1546.
[5]	王鹏飞, 于爱忠, 王玉珑, 苏向向, 李悦, 吕汉强, 柴健, 杨宏伟. 绿肥还田结合减量施氮对玉米干物质积累分配及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(7): 1283-1294.
[6]	南瑞, 杨玉存, 石芳慧, 张礼宁, 米彤茜, 张立强, 李春艳, 孙风丽, 奚亚军, 张超. 小麦源库优异种质的鉴定与源库类型的划分[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(6): 1019-1034.
[7]	李小勇, 黄威, 刘红菊, 李银水, 顾炽明, 代晶, 胡文诗, 杨璐, 廖星, 秦璐. 不同轮作模式下氮肥施用对油菜产量形成及养分利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(6): 1074-1085.
[8]	贾晓昀, 王士杰, 朱继杰, 赵红霞, 李妙, 王国印. 陆地棉高密度遗传图谱的构建及产量相关性状的QTL定位[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(4): 587-598.
[9]	刘娜, 谢畅, 黄海云, 姚瑞, 徐爽, 宋海玲, 于海秋, 赵新华, 王婧, 蒋春姬, 王晓光. 施钾量对花生根系和根瘤特性、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(4): 635-648.
[10]	刘丹, 安雨丽, 陶笑笑, 王孝忠, 吕典秋, 郭彦军, 陈新平, 张务帅. 西北地区制种玉米产量及氮素吸收对供氮水平的响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(3): 441-452.
[11]	赵建涛, 杨开鑫, 王旭哲, 马春晖, 张前兵. 施磷对苜蓿叶片生理参数及抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(3): 453-465.
[12]	刘明慧, 田虹雨, 刘之广, 巩彪. 减磷条件下含褪黑素的尿素缓释功能肥对番茄生长、产量、品质和磷素利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(3): 519-528.
[13]	张晓丽, 陶伟, 高国庆, 陈雷, 郭辉, 张华, 唐茂艳, 梁天锋. 直播栽培对双季早稻生育期、抗倒伏能力及产量效益的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(2): 249-263.
[14]	严艳鸽, 张水勤, 李燕婷, 赵秉强, 袁亮. 葡聚糖改性尿素对冬小麦产量和肥料氮去向的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(2): 287-299.
[15]	徐久凯, 袁亮, 温延臣, 张水勤, 李燕婷, 李海燕, 赵秉强. 畜禽有机肥氮在冬小麦季对化肥氮的相对替代当量[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(2): 300-313.