中国农业科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 480-487 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.02.022

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟草栽培中氮、磷、钾肥及水分因子与产值的经验模型

陈义强,刘国顺,习红昂   

  1. 河南农业大学农学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化基地
  • 收稿日期:2007-03-19 修回日期:2007-05-28 出版日期:2008-02-10 发布日期:2008-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘国顺

Experience model between output value and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water factors for tobacco precision farming

Hong-ang XI   

  1. 河南农业大学农学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化基地
  • Received:2007-03-19 Revised:2007-05-28 Online:2008-02-10 Published:2008-02-10

摘要: 【目的】为优质烟叶生产提供施肥量依据,防止化肥的过量施用从而造成的环境污染及烟叶品质下降。【方法】以经典统计学和地统计学为分析工具,在对试验地土壤养分空间变异性分析的基础上进行二次回归旋转组合设计试验。【结果】建立了氮、磷、钾肥及水分4因子与烟草产值之间的经验模型,并对各因子之间的交互作用进行了分析,对模型进行了优化。【结论】单因子效应分析表明,随着施氮量和土壤相对含水量的提高,产值呈先升后降的趋势,随着施磷量与施钾量的提高,产值呈上升趋势。双因素交互效应分析表明,氮肥和水分、磷肥和水分、钾肥水分、氮、磷肥、氮、钾肥间互作中都存在一个值域,低于这个值域时氮肥和水分、磷肥和水分、钾肥和水分、氮、磷肥、氮、钾肥间都表现为协同促进作用,高于这个值域时则都表现为拮抗作用。而钾肥和磷肥间一直表现为协同促进作用。模型优化结果表明,大田试验适宜的施氮量为36.72~45.65 kg N•ha-1,施磷量为56.53~71.52 kg P2O5•ha-1,施钾量为240.78~250.94 kg K2O•ha-1,土壤相对含水量为75.2%~80.8%。

关键词: 烟草, 经验模型, 肥料, 水分

Abstract: Simulation model system was a key part of precision agriculture, which provided the precision decision. The most important factors in tobacco precision farming were nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water. So it was necessary to study how much fertilizer and water was absorbed by tobacco in its growing time, what was importance to keep the tobacco production continual development. A pot experiment and a field experiment were done in this paper to reveal the relationship between output value and the four factors. Used traditional statistics and geo-statistics, two mathematic models were established by the design of quadric circum-regression basis on the spatial variability analysis of soil available nutrient. One-factor analysis showed that the output value went up first and then went down with the fertilization of nitrogen and the soil water content went up, but it always kept going up with the fertilization of phosphorus and potassium went up. Base on the consequence one-factor models were individually established. Two-factors analysis indicated that there was a range value to show the interaction of two-factors between nitrogen and water, phosphorus and water, potassium and water, nitrogen and phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium. The interaction of two-factors was cooperation when the quantity of fertilization and the soil water content was small than the range value, but when it was large than the range value the interaction of two-factors was noncooperation. The interaction of two-factors between phosphorus and potassium was always cooperation in experiment. After that, the amount of fertilization was optimized base on established mathematics models, and as a result indicated that the optimum fertilization of pure nitrogen, P2O5, K2O was individually range from 4.852g to 5.445g, 7.677g to 8.637g, 16.168g to 17.948g in pot experiment, and from 2.45kg/667m2 to 3.04kg/667m2, 3.77kg/667m2 to 4.77kg/667m2, 16.05kg/667m2 to 16.73kg/667m2 in field experiment, the soil water content ranged from 75.8% to 80.5% in pot experiment, and from 75.2% to 80.8% in field experiment.

Key words: Tobacco, Precision agriculture, Model, Fertilizer, Water