|
|
|
|
|
| Induction of Hypersensitive Response and Nonhost Resistance by a Cladosporium fulvum Elicitor CfHNNI1 is Dose-Dependent and Negatively Regulated by Salicylic Acid |
| XU You-ping, CHEN Hui-ying, ZHOU Xin, CAI Xin-zhong |
1.Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R.China
2.Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R.China
3.Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture/Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058,P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 Nonhost resistance is a phenomenon that enables plants to protect themselves against the majority of potential pathogens, and thus has a great potential for application in plant protection. We recently found that CfHNNI1 (for Cladosporium fulvum host and nonhost plant necrosis inducer 1) is an inducer of plant hypersensitive response (HR) and nonhost resistance. In this study, its functional mechanism was analyzed. CfHNNI1 was a single copy gene in C. fulvum genome. The functional ORF of the CfHNNI1 cDNA was ATG3-TAG780, which showed homology with genes encoding bZIP transcription factors. The functional ORF included in frame an inner one ATG273-TAG780, which was sufficient to induce HR in plants. CfHNNI1 induced plant HR in a dose-dependent manner. CfHNNI1-induced necrosis in NahG transgenic tomato plants was significantly stronger than that in their wild type controls. However, the necrosis in Nr and def1 tomato mutants was similar to that in their corresponding wild type plants. These data demonstrate that induction of HR and nonhost resistance by CfHNNI1 is negatively regulated by salicylic acid signalling pathway but independent of ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling pathways.
Abstract Nonhost resistance is a phenomenon that enables plants to protect themselves against the majority of potential pathogens, and thus has a great potential for application in plant protection. We recently found that CfHNNI1 (for Cladosporium fulvum host and nonhost plant necrosis inducer 1) is an inducer of plant hypersensitive response (HR) and nonhost resistance. In this study, its functional mechanism was analyzed. CfHNNI1 was a single copy gene in C. fulvum genome. The functional ORF of the CfHNNI1 cDNA was ATG3-TAG780, which showed homology with genes encoding bZIP transcription factors. The functional ORF included in frame an inner one ATG273-TAG780, which was sufficient to induce HR in plants. CfHNNI1 induced plant HR in a dose-dependent manner. CfHNNI1-induced necrosis in NahG transgenic tomato plants was significantly stronger than that in their wild type controls. However, the necrosis in Nr and def1 tomato mutants was similar to that in their corresponding wild type plants. These data demonstrate that induction of HR and nonhost resistance by CfHNNI1 is negatively regulated by salicylic acid signalling pathway but independent of ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling pathways.
|
|
Received: 11 November 2011
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This work was financially supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB119000), the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects (2009ZX08009-044B), the PCSIRT Project (IRT0943), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2011XZZX006), and the Program for New Century 151 Talents of Zhejiang Province, China. |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence CAI Xin-zhong, Tel: +86-571-88982936, Fax: +86-571-88982936, E-mail: xzhcai@zju.edu.cn
|
| About author: XU You-ping, E-mail: ypxu@zju.edu.cn |
Cite this article:
XU You-ping, CHEN Hui-ying, ZHOU Xin, CAI Xin-zhong.
2012.
Induction of Hypersensitive Response and Nonhost Resistance by a Cladosporium fulvum Elicitor CfHNNI1 is Dose-Dependent and Negatively Regulated by Salicylic Acid. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(10): 1665-1674.
|
| [1]Andrea L, Thordal-Christensen H. 2009. From nonhostresistance to lesion-mimic mutants: useful for studiesof defense signaling. In: van Loon L C, ed., Plant InnateImmun. Advance in Botanical Research. vol. 51.Academic Press, New York. pp. 91-121.[2]Bradford M M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for thequantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizingthe principle of protein-dye binding. AnalyticalBiochemistry, 72, 248-254.[3]Brading P A, Hammond-Kosack K E, Parr A, Jones J D G.2000. Salicylic acid is not required for Cf-2- and Cf-9-dependent reistance of tomato to Cladosporiumfulvum. Plant Journal, 23, 305-318.[4]Cai X. 2004. Identification of amino acids of Cladosporiumfulvum CfHNNI1 required for function of necrosisinduction in plants. Acta Botanica Sinica, 46, 738-743.[5]Cai X, Takken F L W, Joosten M H A J, de Wit P J G M.2001. Specific recognition of AVR4 and AVR9 results indistinct patterns of hypersensitive cell death in tomato,but similar patterns of defence-related gene expression.Molecular Plant Pathology, 2, 77-86.[6]Cai X Z, Zhou X, Xu Y P, Joosten M H A J, de Wit P J G M.2007. Cladosporium fulvum CfHNNI1 induceshypersensitive necrosis, defence gene expression anddisease resistance in both host and nonhost plants.Plant Molecular Biology, 64, 89-101.[7]Day R B, Okada M, Ito Y, Tsukada K, Zaghouani H, ShibuyaN, Stacey G. 2001. Binding s i t e for chi t inoligosaccharides in the soybean plasma membrane.Plant Physiology, 126, 1162-1173.[8]Dempsey D A, Shah J, Klessig D F. 1999. Salicylic acid anddisease resistance in plants. Critical Reviews in PlantScience, 18, 547-575.[9]Ebel J, Cosio E G. 1994. Elicitors of plant defence responses.International Review of Cytology, 148, 1-36.[10]Hammond-Kosack K E, Parker J E. 2003. Deciphering plantpathogencommunication: fresh perspectives formolecular resistance breeding. Current Opinion inBiotechnology, 14, 177-193.[11]Hammond-Kosack K E, Silverman P, Raskin I, Jones J D G.1996. Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvuminduce changes in cell morphology and the synthesisof ethylene and salicylic acid in tomato plants carryingthe corresponding Cf disease resistance gene. PlantPhysiology, 110, 1381-1394.[12]Heath M C. 2000. Nonhost resistance and nonspecific plantresponses. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 3, 315-319.[13]Holub E B, Cooper A. 2004. Matrix, reinvention in plants:how genetics is unveiling secrets of non-host diseaseresistance. Trends in Plant Science, 9, 211-214.[14]Howe G A, Lighter J, Browse J, Ryan C A. 1996. Anoctadecanoid pathway mutant (JL5) of tomato iscompromised in signalling for defence against insectattack. The Plant Cell, 8, 2067-2077.[15]Jones D A, Takemoto D. 2004. Plant innate immunity-directand indirect recognition of general and specificpathogen-associated molecules. Current Opinion inImmunology, 16, 48-62.[16]Joosten M H A J, de Wit P J G M. 1999. The tomato-Cladosporium fulvum interaction: A versatileexperimental system to study plant-pathogeninteractions. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 37,335-367.[17]van Kan J A L, Joosten M H A J, Wagemakers C A M, vanden Berg-Velthuis G C M, de Wit P J G M. 1992.Differential accumulation of mRNAs encodingextracellular and intracellular PR proteins in tomatoinduced by vi rul ent and avi rulent races ofCladosporium fulvum. Plant Molecular Biology, 20,513-527.[18]Lauge R, Goodwin P H, de Wit P J G M, Joosten M H A J.2000. Specific HR-associated recognition of secretedproteins from Cladosporium fulvum occurs in both hostand non-host plants. The Plant Journal, 23, 735-745.[19]Lauge R, Joosten M H A J, Haanstra J P W, Goodwin P H,Lindhout P, de Wit P J G M. 1998. Successful search fora resistance gene in tomato targeted against a virulencefactor of a fungal pathogen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmerica, 95, 9014-9018.[20]Lipka U, Fuchs R, Lipka V. 2008. Arabidopsis non-hostresistance to powdery mildews. Current Opinion inPlant Biology, 11, 1-8.[21]Mysore K S, Ryu C-M. 2004. Nonhost resistance: how muchdo we know? Trends in Plant Science, 9, 97-104.[22]Niks R E, Marcel T C. 2009. Nonhost and basal resistance:how to explain specificity? New Phytologist, 182, 817-828.[23]Nurnberger T, Brunner F. 2002. Innate immunity in plantsand animals: emerging parallels between the recognitionof general elicitors and pathogen-associated molecularpatterns. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5, 1-7.[24]Nurnberger T, Lipka V. 2005. Non-host resistance in plants:new insights into an old phenomenon. Molecular PlantPathology, 6, 335-345.[25]Oka-Kira E, Kawaguchi M. 2006. Long-distance signalingto control root nodule number. Current Opinion in PlantBiology, 9, 496-502.[26]Pontier O, Tronchet M, Rogowsky P, Lam E, Roby D. 1998.Activation of hsr203, a plant gene expressed duringincompatible plant-pathogen interactions, is correlatedwith programmed cell death. Molecular Plant-MicrobeInteractions, 11, 544-554.[27]Rivas S, Thomas C M. 2005. Molecular interactions betweentomato and the leaf mold pathogen Cladosporiumfulvum. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 43, 395-436.[28]Sambrook J, Fritsch E F, Maniatis T. 1989. MolecularCloning: A Laboratory Manual. vol. 2. 2nd ed. ColdSpring Harbour Laboratory Press, New York.Schulze-Lefert P, Panstruga R. 2011. A molecularevolutionary concept connecting nonhost resistance,pathogen host range, and pathogen speciation. Trendsin Plant Science, 16, 117-125.[29]Schweizer P. 2007. Nonhost resistance of plants to powderymildew-new opportunities to unravel the mystery.Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 70, 3-7.[30]Shah J. 2003. The salicylic acid loop in plant defense.Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6, 365-371.[31]Takken F LW, Luderer R, Gabriels S H E J, Westerink N, LuR, de Wit P J G M, Joosten M H A J. 2000. A functionalcloning strategy, based on a binary PVX-expressionvector, to isolate HR-inducing cDNAs of plantpathyogens. The Plant Journal, 24, 275-283.[32]Thordal-Christensen H. 2003. Fresh insights into processesof nonhost resistance. Current Opinion in PlantBiology, 6, 351-357.[33]Wang C, Cai X, Wang X, Zheng Z. 2006a. Optimisation oftobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing inArabidopsis. Functional Plant Biology, 33, 347-355.[34]Wang C, Cai X, Xu Y. 2006b. Molecular mechanism ofinteraction between tomato and leaf mold pathogenCladosporium fulvum. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,36, 385-391.[35]Wang C, Cai X, Zheng Z. 2005. High humidity repressesCf-4/Avr4-and Cf-9/Avr9-dependent hypersensitive celldeath and defense gene expression. Planta, 222, 947-956.[36]Wilkinson J Q, Lanahau M B, Yen H C, Giovannoni J J, KleeH J. 1995. An ethylene-inducible component of signaltransduction encoded by Never ripe. Science, 270,1807-1809.[37]Zhang J, Zhou J M. 2010. Plant immunity triggered bymicrobial molecular signatures. Molecular Plant, 3, 783-793. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
