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Special Issue:
小麦耕作栽培Wheat Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage
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| An economic and viable approach to improve wheat quality in Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China |
WANG Yu-jiao1, 2*, TAO Zhi-qiang2*, WANG De-mei2, WANG Yan-jie2, YANG Yu-shuang2, ZHAO Guang-cai2, SHI Shu-bing1, CHANG Xu-hong2
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1 College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, P.R.China
2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
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摘要
本研究探讨从华北平原引入优质品种，减少氮肥施用量，提高青藏高原小麦质量和产量的可行性。试验选用青藏高原3个小麦品种和北部冬麦区4个小麦品种，于拔节期减少氮肥追施量，分别在海拔3647 m的青藏高原拉萨和海拔4 m的北部冬麦区河北任丘种植。小麦种在拉萨条件下，北部冬麦区小麦品种相比青藏高原小麦品种表现出较高的籽粒硬度和容重，以及较好的面粉和面团质量。在拔节期将氮肥追施量从135 kg N ha-1减少到75 kg N ha-1（氮肥基施量相同，均为105 kg N ha-1）对两地种植的小麦籽粒产量、籽粒质量、面粉质量、面团质量均没有显着影响（P<0.05）。总体来看，从华北平原引进优质小麦品种到青藏高原种植，并且减少拔节期的氮肥施用量，这是一种提高青藏高原小麦质量的经济实用方法。
Abstract
Wheat flour products are the main dietary component of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) population in China. However, the high altitude restricts the local wheat quality and quantity, and the applied nitrogen rate is higher than the optimal rate for wheat planting. In this study, we considered whether reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and introducing the superior varieties from the North China Plain (NCP) are viable ways to increase the wheat quality and quantity in the QTP. Three and four winter wheat cultivars from QTP and NCP, respectively, were planted in Lhasa at an altitude of 3 647 m with reduced topdressing nitrogen application at the jointing stage. The wheat from NCP exhibited higher grain hardness index and test weight, and better flour and dough quality. Reducing the topdressing nitrogen fertilizer from 135 to 75 kg N ha−1 at the jointing stage (with the same basal fertilization of 105 kg N ha−1) did not significantly (P<0.05) affect the grain yield, grain quality, flour quality or dough quality in any of the cultivars. In summary, introducing high-quality winter wheat varieties from the NCP to the Lhasa plateau is a viable way to enhance the wheat supply and quality in the QTP. Reducing a certain amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is an economic and feasible approach for the QTP region.
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Received: 02 November 2020
Accepted: 18 March 2021
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| Fund: This work was supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-03-16), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300407) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Program for Innovation Team (Crop Cultivation and Physiology), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. |
| About author: WANG Yu-jiao, E-mail: 1120290382@qq.com; TAO Zhi-qiang, E-mail: taozhiqiang@caas.cn; Correspondence ZHAO Guang-cai, Tel/Fax: +86-10-82108576, E-mail: zhaoguangcai@caas.cn; SHI Shu-bing, E-mail: shbshi@sina.com; CHANG Xu-hong, E-mail: changxuhong@caas.cn
* These authors contributed equally to this study. |
Cite this article:
WANG Yu-jiao, TAO Zhi-qiang, WANG De-mei, WANG Yan-jie, YANG Yu-shuang, ZHAO Guang-cai, SHI Shu-bing, CHANG Xu-hong.
2022.
An economic and viable approach to improve wheat quality in Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(8): 2227-2240.
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